Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, Jan. 11 (Xinhua) -- Promoting the goal of a beautiful China step by step -- the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment answered reporters' questions on the "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensively Promoting the Construction of a Beautiful China".
Xinhua News Agency reporter
The "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensively Promoting the Construction of a Beautiful China" was released on January 11. What is the background of the issuance of the opinions, and what are the key tasks proposed? This reporter interviewed a responsible person of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
Q: What is the background to the opinion?
Answer: At present, the economic and social development of the mainland has entered the stage of accelerating green and low-carbon high-quality development, and the construction of ecological civilization is still in a critical period of superimposed pressure and moving forward with heavy burdens. The national conditions of fragile ecosystems have not changed, the endogenous driving force for the green transformation of economic and social development is insufficient, the foundation for the stability and improvement of ecological environment quality is not solid, the total amount of pollutants and carbon emissions is still high, the trend of ecosystem degradation in some regions has not been fundamentally reversed, and the task of building a beautiful China is still arduous. To embark on a new journey of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, it is necessary to maintain the strategic determination to strengthen the construction of ecological civilization, unswervingly follow the path of civilized development with production development, affluent life and good ecology, and build a beautiful home with blue sky, green ground and clear water.
The opinions put forward the main goals, major tasks and major reform measures for the construction of a beautiful China by 2027 and 2035, which are of great significance for coordinating the adjustment of industrial structure, pollution control, ecological protection, and responding to climate change, and the coordinated promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth, supporting high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment, accelerating the formation of a new pattern of building a beautiful China oriented to the realization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and building a solid ecological foundation for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Q: What are the goals of building a beautiful China?
Answer: In terms of the main goals, anchor the requirements of three time nodes: by 2027, green and low-carbon development will be further promoted, the total emission of major pollutants will continue to be reduced, the quality of the ecological environment will continue to improve, the pattern of land and space development and protection will be optimized, the ecosystem service function will be continuously enhanced, the urban and rural living environment will be significantly improved, the national ecological security will be effectively guaranteed, the ecological environment governance system will be more sound, and a number of practical models will be formed, and the construction of a beautiful China will achieve remarkable results. By 2035, green production and lifestyles will be widely formed, carbon emissions will stabilize and decline after peaking, the ecological environment will be fundamentally improved, a new pattern of land and space development and protection will be fully formed, the stability and stability of ecosystem diversity will be significantly improved, the national ecological security will be more stable, the modernization of the ecological environment governance system and governance capacity will be basically realized, and the goal of a beautiful China will be basically achieved. Looking forward to the middle of this century, the ecological civilization will be comprehensively improved, the green development mode and lifestyle will be fully formed, the key areas will achieve deep decarbonization, the ecological environment will be healthy and beautiful, the ecological environment governance system and governance capacity will be fully modernized, and the beautiful China will be fully completed.
At the same time, the opinions focus on optimizing the pattern of land space development and protection, promoting green and low-carbon development in key areas, continuing to fight the battle for blue sky, defending clear water, and defending the pure land, and put forward the goals and requirements by 2027 and 2035 respectively in line with the principle of feasibility and achievability.
Q: What are the key tasks proposed in the opinions?
Answer: The opinions put forward the following key tasks.
The first is to accelerate the green transformation of the development mode. Optimize the pattern of land space development and protection, and improve the zoning management and control system of the ecological environment covering the whole area. There are plans to implement the carbon peak action step by step, carry out collaborative innovation pilot projects for pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and actively and steadily promote carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Coordinate and promote green and low-carbon development in key areas.
The second is to continue to promote pollution prevention and control. We will continue to fight the battle to defend the blue sky, focus on the control of fine particulate matter, and vigorously promote the coordinated emission reduction of multiple pollutants. We will continue to fight the battle to defend clear water, coordinate the management of water resources, water environment and water ecology, continue to promote the comprehensive management of key sea areas, and build beautiful rivers, lakes and bays. Continue to fight the battle to defend the pure land, and fight the battle of agricultural and rural pollution control. Strengthen the treatment of solid waste and new pollutants.
The third is to improve the diversity, stability and sustainability of ecosystems. Comprehensively promote the construction of a system of nature reserves with national parks as the main body, and strengthen the construction of a regulatory system for ecological protection and restoration. Implement the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands and sands, and promote the recuperation of grasslands, forests, rivers, lakes and wetlands. Implement major projects for biodiversity conservation.
Fourth, we should keep the bottom line of safety in building a beautiful China. Complete the national ecological security rule of law system, strategic system, policy system, and response management system. Ensure nuclear and radiation safety, strengthen biosecurity management, vigorously enhance the ability to adapt to climate change, and effectively respond to the adverse effects and risks of climate change.
Fifth, we will build a demonstration model for the construction of a beautiful China. Build a Beautiful China Pilot Zone. Promote the construction of beautiful cities oriented by green and low-carbon, beautiful environment, ecological livability, safety and health, wisdom and efficiency. Coordinate and promote the revitalization of rural ecology and the improvement of rural human settlements, and build beautiful villages.
Sixth, carry out the national action to build a beautiful China. Advocate a simple, moderate, green and low-carbon, civilized and healthy lifestyle and consumption pattern. Continue to carry out a series of activities of "Beautiful China, I am an actor".
Seventh, improve the guarantee system for the construction of a beautiful China. Strengthen incentive policies and strengthen fiscal, tax, financial, price and other support. Strengthen scientific and technological support, and implement major actions for scientific and technological innovation in the ecological environment. Accelerate the implementation of major projects such as synergy in pollution reduction and carbon reduction, ecological protection and restoration.
Q: What incentive policy measures do the opinions propose?
A: The opinions put forward a package of incentive policies and measures from different perspectives to mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of all parties to jointly build and share a beautiful China.
Reform and innovation. Implement the performance grading of sewage treatment and discharge levels of enterprises in key industries. Accelerate the construction of an environmental protection credit supervision system. Improve economic incentive policies oriented to the green development of agriculture, support the reduction and efficiency of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and promote the collection, treatment and utilization of livestock and poultry manure in the whole county.
In terms of market mechanisms. The right to carbon emissions, the right to use energy, the right to use water, and the right to discharge pollutants will be included in the overall reform of the market-oriented allocation of factors. Comprehensively consider the energy consumption and environmental performance level of enterprises, and improve the tiered electricity price system for high-energy-consuming industries. Improve the value realization mechanism of ecological products.
Public participation. Explore the establishment of public participation mechanisms such as "carbon inclusiveness". Encourage parks, enterprises, communities, schools and other grassroots units to carry out green, clean, and zero-carbon leading actions.
In terms of scientific and technological support. Innovate the scientific and technological system and mechanism of the ecological environment, and build a market-oriented green technology innovation system. We will build innovation platforms such as large scientific devices and key laboratories, engineering technology centers, and scientific observation and research stations in the field of ecology and environment.
Q: How to do a good job in the organization and implementation of opinions?
Answer: First, strengthen organizational leadership. Adhere to and strengthen the party's overall leadership over the construction of a beautiful China, and improve the working mechanism of the central government's overall planning, the province's overall responsibility, and the city's and county's implementation. Formulate regulations on the responsibility system for ecological and environmental protection for local party and government leading cadres, and establish a responsibility system that covers a comprehensive scale, has consistent powers and responsibilities, and has clear rewards and punishments, and is interlocking.
The second is the responsibility of compaction. Formulate action plans in different fields, establish work coordination mechanisms, accelerate the formation of an implementation system for the construction of a beautiful China and promote the implementation mechanism, promote the projectization, list-based and accountable tasks, and strengthen overall coordination, scheduling and evaluation, and supervision and management.
The third is to strengthen publicity and promotion. Promote the inclusion of ecological civilization education in the education of cadres, Party members, and national education. Strengthen the publicity of ecological civilization through various forms, and release a white paper on the construction of a beautiful China.
Fourth, carry out effectiveness assessment. In a timely manner, the assessment of the effectiveness of pollution prevention and control will be transitioned to the assessment of the effectiveness of the construction of a beautiful China. (ENDS)
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