Camels are found in Africa and Asia and are preserved mainly by nomadic peoples living in desert areas. There are five million wild camels in Australia, especially in the north. Worldwide, there are 2 famous camel species: 1 hump of the Arabian camel or dromedary camel and 2 hump of the Bactrian camel. Camels are raised for milk, meat, fiber (wool and hair), transportation and other work, and their feces are used as fuel. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations estimates that global camel milk production is about 5.3×109 kg/year. Products made from camel milk, including pasteurized camel milk, ice cream, cheese, camel milk powder, latte and camel milk soap, have been developed and marketed in many countries.
In 2018, Mutamed et al. compared camel milk and cow milk fermented by the probiotic strain Lactococcus lactis KX881782 (Lc.K782) fermented camel milk and acidophilus DSM9126 (La.DSM), respectively, and found that during all storage periods, with the fermentation of the two strains, the storage time in camel milk was prolonged, the inhibition of α-amylase increased (P<0.05), while the inhibitory effect of α-amylase in fermented bovine milk did not change significantly (P> 0.05）。 In contrast, camel milk fermented with Lc.K782 had a greater percentage of α-amylase inhibition than in bovine milk (P<0.05) (Figure A).
Figures A and B illustrate the inhibition results of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively, which can be used as indicators of anti-diabetic activity of cow's milk and camel milk fermented by La.DSM and Lc.K782. Typically, α-amylase inhibition in both La.DSM fermented bovine milk and camel milk fermented by Lc.K782 > during all storage periods (Figure A).
Figure 1 Inhibition of amylase and glycosidase by two kinds of bacterial fermentation of two kinds of milk
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[1] Mutamed Ayyash,Ayesha S.Al-Dhaheri,Suheir Al Mahadin,Jaleel Kizhakkayil,Aisha Abushelaibi. In vitro investigation of anticancer, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and antioxidant activities of camel milk fermented with camel milk probiotic: A comparative study with fermented bovine milk[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2018,101(2).