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In the bright starry sky of Chinese literature, Xin Qiji's name is like a dazzling star, and he became a cultural symbol in the last years of the Song Dynasty with his extraordinary literary talent and passionate patriotic feelings.
He is not only a Hanlin at the end of the pen, but also a general on the battlefield, and a political helmsman.
"Greeting the Bridegroom"
In ancient Chinese literary creation, it was a common and elegant technique to express thoughts and feelings with the help of allusions.
In this way, the poet dialogues with history and resonates with the wisdom of his predecessors, so that the work presents a profound connotation that transcends time. This is not only a literary rhetoric, but also a rich cultural heritage.
In this regard, Xin Qiji is undoubtedly a benchmark.
His lyrics "He Bridegroom: The Decline of the Bridegroom" is a striking example of his deep knowledge and skill in allusions.
In this poem, Xin Qiji not only simply quotes historical allusions, but also integrates them into his own emotions, which are naturally revealed and not obtrusive.
Xin Qiji's poem comes from a unique slice of his life.
When he lived in seclusion in Jiangxi, he built a residence by himself and emotionally named it "Shuyun Hall".
The name comes from the work "Stopping the Clouds" by the former sage Tao Yuanming, whom he admired, which not only reflects Xin Qiji's deep admiration for Tao Yuanming, but also reveals his understanding and resonance with the ancients.
The poem "He Bridegroom, Even My Decline" was not composed for no reason, but when Xin Qiji sat alone in the "Stopping Cloud Hall", he was touched by the garden pavilion, the sound of water and the scenery of the mountains in the city, and the resonance of the artistic conception of "thinking of relatives and friends" in Tao Yuanming's "Stopping the Clouds" emerged in his heart, so he borrowed the scenery lyricism to make this masterpiece.
In this poem, Xin Qiji skillfully uses eight allusions, which come from history, mythology, fables, and the poetry and songs of his predecessors.
These allusions are skillfully woven into his words, which not only expresses his nostalgia for his friends, but also shows his perception of life and detachment from fame and fortune.
Specifically, the words "sad about his life, scattered in his travels, only a few remaining" reflects Xin Qiji's sorrow for the lost friendship; "white hair hangs down three thousand feet, and he laughs at everything in the world" is his indifference to the changes in the world, fame and fortune, gains and losses; "I see how charming the green mountains are, and I expect the green mountains to see that I should be like this" expresses his closeness and dialogue with the natural scenery, and "the feelings and appearances are slightly similar" is a clever contrast between his own mood and the mood of the scenery.
In this lyric, the most surprising thing is Xin Qiji's self-positioning.
In "I don't hate the ancients, I don't see them, I hate the ancients and I don't see them", he not only expressed his admiration for the ancients, but also revealed his self-confidence and even conceited emotions, as if to say, if the ancients had the opportunity to see me so open, they would definitely be impressed.
Through the creation of "He Bridegroom: The Decline of the Bridegroom", Xin Qiji realized Liu Xian's technique of embedding allusions in the creation of poetry in ancient China, which is not only a cultural inheritance, but also a symbol of literati wisdom.
This technique, called "dictionaries", is not a simple quotation, but a fusion of deep emotion and wisdom.
This is not only an admiration for the ancients, but also a kind of confidence in time and space, as if to tell the world that if the ancient literati could see him, they would also be amazed by his boldness and talent.
Xin Qiji's allusical technique is the best interpretation of what Liu Xian's "Wenxin Carving Dragon" said in "Facts are based on similar meanings, and the past is used to prove the present".
Through the use of classics, he not only makes the cultural connotation of the lyrics more profound, but also makes the emotional expression more delicate and rich.
Able to be literate and martial
In 1140, Xin Qiji was born into a family of scholars and scholars who valued culture, and the family's cultural heritage and careful cultivation of him laid a solid foundation for Xin Qiji's literary path.
Xin Qiji, whose name is You'an, is called Jiaxuan, an outstanding figure who has multiple identities as a writer, a lyricist, a military general and a politician.
His life seems to have been woven into a legend, with both magnificent officialdom experience and touching poetry.
His talent was evident in his childhood, he was able to compose poetry at the age of ten, and at the age of sixteen he knew how to gallop through the complex political whirlpool, becoming a jinshi, and his legendary life began.
Officialdom is both a battlefield and a source of poetry for Xin Qiji.
His career has been full of ups and downs, and he has experienced major political turmoil such as the case of Cai Jing, a judge of Kaifeng Prefecture, and the murder of a colleague by Chen Shimei.
In Suzhou General Judgment, Jiaxing Prefect, Hangzhou General Judgment and other positions, Xin Qiji won the love of the people with his image of honesty and love for the people.
Although his political career was full of twists and turns, this did not affect his love of literature and loyalty to his country.
Xin Qiji's words gave him the honor of being one of the "Three Great Masters of Song Ci".
His lyrics, such as "Water Dragon Yin, Deng Jiankang Appreciation Pavilion", express his love for the country and his deep concern for the fate of the nation with his majestic momentum and deep emotions.
Xin Qiji's words have a strong personal color and the characteristics of the times, and the indomitable and pursuit of ideals expressed during it have had a profound impact on later generations.
In Xin Qiji's romantic and bumpy life journey, he never gave up the pursuit of ideals.
His political ambitions may not have been fully realized, but his literary achievements have become historical treasures. Gossip, party disputes, and pathos in the officialdom failed to trap his poetic heart.
His pen is full of deep love for the people and infinite loyalty to his family and country, and these emotions are most deeply reflected in his words.
The Ugly Slave
Xin Qiji's lyrics not only deeply reflect his personal experience, but also reflect his feelings for the times and his admiration for the ancients.
In a poem entitled "The Ugly Slave, the Middle Wall of the Shubo Mountain Road", Xin Qiji shows his inner world by depicting his own life experience, emotions and ideals.
This poem embodies his philosophical thoughts on the impermanence of life, his feelings about the difficulty of finding a confidant, and his yearning for the noble sentiments of the ancients.
At the beginning of the article, Xin Qiji began with "even my decline", which directly revealed his helpless feelings about his own aging.
He lamented that the years were unforgiving, and his friends, those who had been friends, had fallen like autumn leaves, leaving only a few people, which undoubtedly brought a great impact to his soul.
Immediately afterwards, he used the image metaphor of "white hair hanging three thousand feet empty, laughing at everything in the world" to express his feelings about the passage of life and his irony of the changes in the world.
The "three thousand zhang" here describes the amount of gray hair, which also hints at the depth of his state of mind. Xin Qiji's laughter is not really joy, but helplessness about the hot and cold state of the world and bitterness about what happened to him.
In the question "What can make the public happy?", Xin Qiji seems to be asking himself, what else can make him feel truly happy in this troubled world?
The answer is hidden in the following lines of poetry: "I see how charming the green mountains are, and I expect the green mountains to see me like this." Affection and appearance, slightly similar. In the words, Xin Qiji compares himself to a green mountain, where the green mountain is not only a natural beauty, but also an unchanging loyalty and ideal in his heart.
He believes that although he is not accepted by the times, his ambition and talent will not be buried, just like the beauty of the green mountains.
Xin Qiji's loneliness is in "a statue scratching his head in the east window".
He has a deep sense of identity with Tao Yuanming's attitude towards life, which is a realm of detachment from the world and companionship with nature.
In the haze of wine, he seemed to be able to understand Tao Yuanming's detachment and state of mind back then.
In the word, "Jiang Zuo is drunk and seeks fame, how can he know the turbidity and the truth."
Looking back, the clouds are flying and the wind is rising" is a criticism of those people in the world who are addicted to power and scheming, chasing fame and fortune, and Xin Qiji emphasizes his unique values through comparison here.
He enjoys the clarity and freedom of the world, not the fame of the world.
And when Xin Qiji chanted "I don't hate the ancients, I don't see them, I hate the ancients and I don't see my crazy ears", we seem to be able to hear his heart, he is not regretting that he can't meet the ancients, but regretting that the ancients can't see their own wild and uninhibited pride.
It's a sense of self-confidence and a desire to understand your talents.
"Those who know me, the second and third sons" ends with a sad and bold tone, which is not only helpless about reality, but also cherishes confidants.
His heart was filled with gratitude to his friends who could see through the world and understand his aspirations and ambitions.
Xin Qiji's poem is not only a work that expresses personal feelings, but also a mirror, reflecting the inner world of the literati of an era.
They seek themselves in the turbulent world, not only for the in-depth criticism of the times, but also for the profound discussion of the philosophy of life.
The author thinks
The reason why Xin Qiji was able to leave such a deep mark on the history of literature is that his poetry goes beyond mere wordplay.
Through his works, we seem to be able to feel the breath of an era, and at the same time, we can also touch the true voice of a literati in that era.
He skillfully interweaves personal emotions with the background of the times, natural beauty and humanistic feelings, and constructs one poetic world after another full of profound meanings.
In the process of savoring Xin Qiji's poems, we can't help but ponder: the people behind these words, his emotional world is so colorful.
And can we find the love and pursuit of beauty in our own lives, and the sincere feelings for life?
Xin Qiji's poems are not only amazing, but also Xin Qiji's skill of skillfully integrating traditional allusions into personal emotions and expressing heroic feelings and loneliness.
In his poems, we seem to be able to touch the pulse of that era and feel the joys and sorrows of a literati in the long river of history.