Biography
Xing Duan
Xing Duan (1883-1959), zi mian zhi, trumpet stinging people, pen name Xinting Yeshi, Guiyang people, Guizhou.
Guangxu was promoted in 1901 for 27 years and entered the army for 30 years (1904), and went to Japan the following year to study at public expense, graduating from Osaka Higher Industrial Preparatory School and Tokyo University of Political Science and Law in Japan.
After returning to China in 1908, he successively served as the review of Hanlin Academy, the general office of Fengtian Eight Banners Factory, and the supervisor of Tianjin Directly Subordinate Higher Industrial School.
After the Xinhai Revolution, he served as a minister of industry and commerce in the Beiyang government, a director of libraries, and a technical supervisor of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce.
After 1917, he served as the director of the Department of Mining Administration, the director of the Department of Industry and Commerce of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce of the Beiyang Government, a member of the Ordinary Civilian Officials Disciplinary Committee, a representative of the Aftermath Conference, and the General Office of the Jingxing Mining Bureau. He participated in the establishment of the Geological Survey.
In 1927, Zhang Zuolin presided over the Beijing government, resigned from all his posts, closed his doors, and made a living writing books.
After 1949, he served as a librarian of the Central Museum of Culture and History.
He died in 1959.
He is the author of "Biography of Yu Zhongyue", "Manuscript of the Jielu Series", etc., and compiled the "Qiannan Series · Liu Guiyang's Posthumous Manuscripts", "Qiannan Series · Pinghui Minutes", "Qiannan Series · Tao Repeated Poetry After the Banknote Book", "Qing Dynasty Qianrenguan Selected Titles", "and Qing Dynasty Guizhou Township Examination Examiner Interpretation Table" and so on.
The youngest Hanlin in the last section of the Imperial Examination
Xing Duan, a native of Guizhou who lived in the old capital, was the youngest Hanlin (21 years old) in the last subject of the Chinese imperial examination (Jiachenke), which also made him famous in the old Beijing very early.
Retired to the old Beijing book industry
Xing Duanxing's poetry manuscript
In 1927, Xing Duan withdrew from the official field and has been living in the small room hutong of the old Jingdong City.
In his spare time, he took pleasure in writing poems and books, and paid special attention to collecting and sorting out the literature in his hometown of Guizhou.
During this period, Xing Duan and his fellow villager Zhu Qizhao jointly compiled the Qiannan Series.
Zhu Qizhao
Xing Duangong was good at writing poetry, and had many contacts with celebrities from all walks of life in the old Beijing, such as Ye Gongqi, Zhu Qiju, Zhong Gangzhong, Zhou Zhaoxiang, Yao Hua, Chen Shizeng, Xu Yansun, Fu Zengxiang, Jiang Yong, Qi Baishi, etc., of which he was the most friendly with his fellow villagers Zhu Qiju and Zhong Gangzhong. Zhong Gangzhong gave a brief description of xingduan in the preface to Xingdu's "Manuscript of the Jielu Series", "Juncai is sensitive and practicing, his duties are well-organized, his ambitions are humble, he is willing to give to others, and those who are close to the deceased and those who come to invite him with words are all expected to go, and they are well known." ”
Zhong Gangzhong
Zhong Gangzhong engraved the seal of "Xingduan Crown" for Xingduan
In 1937, the fall of Peiping, Xingduan because of his former Qing Hanlin, Japanese students, the attention of the invaders, the Japanese once invited him to a pseudo-post, but he strictly refused, maintaining a lofty national integrity.
During the extremely difficult period, Xing Duan made a living by writing books in the Liuli Factory and lived a life of indifference and poverty.
Tambo Ming zhi is a model of a scholar
In order to vent the resentment in his chest, he once wrote a large number of patriotic poems, such as the 1939 "Collected Works of the North Sea", "The city is still five feet in the sky, and the wind is not eternal and the year." After removing the one room, I was left with the San'in Oath Tomb", xingduan in this poem compared Wang Xizhi's "oath tomb" and refused to be with the invaders.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, Xing Duan was ecstatic and wrote "Harvesting the Joy of Beijing": "Nanguan sat in a seclusion for eight years, and Lu Buxin spread throughout Kyushu. The sun mourns and the death smells and laughs, and The River Qing can fight the people. Du Liao and Xueqian were humiliated, and Fu Chu finally annihilated the Kyushu vendetta. There is still a Tai Peng left old, and it is difficult to harvest the tears of joy. This poem is quite popular with Du Fu's "WenGuanjun Collects Henan hebei" charm, and patriotic feelings are about to come out.
In the same year, Li Zongren, an important member of the Kuomintang, praised Xing Duan's integrity and set up a banquet, hoping that he could serve the Nationalist government, and Weng Wenhao and Zhang Daofan also went to the door to persuade him to come out, but Xing Duan was not moved and refused. (To be continued)
(The author Zou Dianfei is a member of the Beijing Calligraphers Association and vice president of the Beijing Jingpai Calligraphy Research Association)