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In everyone's general understanding, the duration of the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam was extremely short, but it lasted only more than 20 days from February 17 to March 16, 1979.
But in reality, in the border area, the mainland and Vietnam have been in a standoff for a decade.
And internationally, many scholars are surprisingly unanimous in their attitude towards the war, that is, the war will do more harm than good to China, which is in the early stage of economic development.
However, after a detailed review of the historical development of the mainland before and after the Vietnam War, including the end of the self-defense and counterattack war against Vietnam, the American scholar Richard Chen said in surprise that China's gains in this war were hidden from the whole world.
So what kind of strategic goals has the mainland achieved through this war?
Judging from the speech delivered by Comrade Deng Xiaoping the day before the start of the war against Vietnam, the mainland's choice to strike back strongly against Vietnam was mainly motivated by the following three considerations.
The achievement of these three strategic objectives is a force to be reckoned with in promoting peace and development on the mainland.
Strive for the development of a peaceful environment
In the war of self-defense and counterattack against Vietnam, we will first ensure the tranquility of the mainland border and create a good environment for domestic economic development and construction.
After the Third Plenary Session of the 11 th CPC Central Committee in 1978, the mainland shifted the focus of its work to economic construction, and reform and opening up became the mainland's basic policy.
However, at this time, the border areas of the mainland have always faced the threat and incursion of foreign enemies.
In the northern Heilongjiang and Outer East regions, the mainland and the Soviet Union were in constant conflict, and the southwest was facing harassment from Vietnam.
Therefore, in order to concentrate its efforts on economic development, the mainland is bound to solve the border problem.
The fight against Vietnam in self-defense and counterattack is the best opportunity to demonstrate the determination and strength of our army.
Containment of Soviet expansion
In the sixties and seventies, Sino-Soviet relations fell to a freezing point due to ideological differences.
Subsequently, on the Sino-Soviet border, a series of conflicts broke out between the mainland and the Soviet Union, and Sino-Soviet relations were on the verge of rupture, and the situation became increasingly tense.
In addition, in the early seventies, the mainland and the United States resumed normal diplomatic activities, which stung the heart of the Soviet Union, which had always regarded the mainland as an imaginary enemy.
As a result, the Soviet Union turned to support Vietnam, trying to help Vietnam overthrow the Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia in order to expand the Soviet Union's influence in Southeast Asia and form an encirclement posture against China.
Vietnam, with the support of the Soviet Union, the "big brother" behind it, constantly provoked the mainland and sent armed men to attack the mainland's borders.
In such a situation, if the mainland endures again and again, it will lose its international discourse power step by step.
As a result, the mainland immediately made a decision and sent troops to sanction Vietnam. This war objectively dealt a blow to the arrogance of Soviet hegemonism and strengthened the confidence of the international community in confronting hegemony.
Exercise the combat effectiveness of the army
Since the end of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, our army has never participated in a formal war on a large scale.
He only participated in some small-scale conflicts, such as the Sino-Soviet Zhenbao Island conflict.
Therefore, at that time, the international community was full of voices singing about the mainland, believing that the mainland army had no actual combat experience and it would be difficult for them to win the war.
Our army needs to show the whole world in a real battle: The mainland is not a soft persimmon to be kneaded by others, still less is it a fish on the case that can be slaughtered by others, and provoking the mainland will inevitably be counterattacked by our army.
Several verbal warnings have been taken as a deaf ear, so let's remember what we said in real words.
In addition, the bipolar pattern gradually collapsed in the 70s, and the United States and the Soviet Union fought for hegemony.
At this time, the Soviet Union, which was gaining momentum, continued to expand, and the whole world was shrouded in the shadow of World War III.
Under such an international situation of tense confrontation, the armed forces will inevitably not be satisfied with the status quo, and only by constantly improving their military strength can they seek self-protection in a state of tight war.
Only in actual combat can problems be exposed, and problems can be solved in a targeted manner.
Considering the above three angles, the leaders of the mainland have made the final decision: We must not only fight this war, but also fight it beautifully.
Now, 45 years have passed since the war of self-defense and counterattack against Vietnam, and history has proved to us that the original decision was not wrong, and this battle was not fought in vain.
This war created a peaceful environment for the mainland to build, stabilized the situation in Southeast Asia, broke the Soviet Union's strategic attempt to encircle the mainland, and curbed the pace of sustained expansion of hegemonism.
It has had an extremely far-reaching impact on both the mainland and the international situation.