The ancient myth of "Kwa Father Day by Day" tells the story of Kwa Father chasing the sun, and Kwa Father did not catch up with the sun in the end, but died of thirst on the road day by day. The only thing outside of Father Kwa's body was a cane, and where did this cane fall after his death?
This cane turned into a forest of thousands of miles, what kind of forest?
What stories have happened in this place over thousands of years?
<h1>0 1 Flesh and blood are infiltrated, and the cane turns into a thousand miles of peach forest</h1>
"Liezi TangWen" records the story of "Kwa Father Day by Day":
"Father Quao's strength is not measured, and he wants to chase the shadow of the sun." On the occasion of the valley. Thirsty to drink, go to the river to drink. The river is insufficient, and will go north to drink Osawa. Before he arrived, he died of thirst. Abandoning his staff, the corpse was soaked in flesh, and Dunlin was born. Deng Lin was thousands of miles away. ”
In ancient times, there was a tribal leader named Kwapa who was going to chase the sun. He picked up a wooden staff and ran all the way, seeing that he was about to chase the sun, and the sun was so hot that his mouth was dry, and he drank the water of the Yellow River in one breath, and drank the water of the Wei River, but he still did not quench his thirst, so he ran to the great water in the north, but he died of thirst on the road.
After father Kwa fell, his cane was left beside him, and the dry cane sprouted due to the infiltration of father Kwa's flesh and blood, and spread into a forest, that is, "Dunlin". According to the Qing Dynasty Bi Yuan's examination: "Deng Lin is Tao Lin ye, and Deng and Tao Yin are similar... Gai is the mountain of the Father of the Clouds in the Zhongshan Classic, and there is a peach forest in the north. "The cane that Father Kwa threw away, after being infiltrated by the anointed flesh and blood of his corpse after decay, turned into a peach forest that stretched for thousands of miles.
After Kwapa fell, his body merged into the earth and became a mountain, called Kwapa Mountain. The Classic of Mountains and Seas and the Zhongshan Classic: "Ninety miles to the west, the mountain of the Father... To its north there is a forest, known as the Peach Forest, which is three hundred miles away, of which Doma, the lake water comes out, and the north flow is injected into the river. "More than 20 miles southeast of Yangping Town, Lingbao City, Sanmenxia, Henan Province, there is a mountain called Kwafu Mountain, which is bordered by the Yellow River and Weishui in the north, and belongs to the Xiaoqinling Mountains. The water of the lake is the present-day Lingbaoyang PingHe, which originates from the Kwapa Mountain, flows north through Yangping Town, and finally flows into the Yellow River. The peach forest is located in the north of Kwapa Mountain, which is both a forest name and a place name. The Kwapa Mountain, peach forest, and lake water are roughly the same as those recorded in the Classic of Mountains and Seas.
<h1>0 2 Herding cattle in the peach forest, the King of Wu announced that the world would be peaceful from now on</h1>
The peach forest is thousands of miles away, and the peach blossoms are in full bloom, like clouds connecting to the sky. Such a beautiful place, people here should be like living in the peach blossom garden, "yellow hair hanging down, and happy with themselves." After the Wu King destroyed the Shang, he not only wanted to turn this place into a peach blossom source, but also wanted to turn the whole world into a peach blossom source.
The Shang Shu Wucheng records that King Keshang of Wu ,Nai Yan Wu Xiuwen returned to the sun of Mount Hua and herded cattle in the wilderness of the peach forest, showing the world a blessing."
The Book of Rites and Music: "The Sun of the HuaShan Mountains of Ma San and the Fu Fu Fu, the Wild of the Peach Forest of the Ox Scattering and the Fu Fu Fu Fu, the Che Jia Challenge, and the Hidden House of Ku And Fu Reuse, the Upside Down Gango, the Wrapper of Tiger Skin, the Handsome Man as a Prince, known as 'Jianqiao'." ”
After King Wu of Zhou destroyed Yin Shang, he disbanded the army, dismissed the war horses to the south of Mount Hua and no longer rode, grazed war cattle in the field of Taolin and no longer served, the armor of military vehicles was no longer used in the treasury, and the weapons were packed upside down with tiger skins, and the generals were divided into princes, announcing that the world was too peaceful and would not use soldiers from now on.
"Water Sutra Notes on River Water": "The King of Wu cut down the silk, the world is established, the king patrols the prison, puts Ma Huayang, scatters cattle and peach forests, that is, here too." Among them, many wild horses, the father of the creator here to get the multiplication of the horse, the green ear, the thief, in order to sacrifice the king of Zhou Mu, so that he can ride, so as to see the Queen Mother of the West. ”
All this also shows that during the Western Zhou Dynasty, the world was peaceful for a long time, war horses and war cows were useless, and Taolin was no longer a place to raise war cattle and war horses, but became an official animal husbandry area of the Zhou royal family. The cattle and horses have been born and multiplied rapidly, and the cattle and horses have been flocked and are rich in good horses, which are favored by Zhou Tianzi. Guo Pu, a literary scholar and feng shui scholar of the Two Jin Dynasties, praised the "Mountains and Seas Sutra Tuzan": "The valley of the peach forest is the only one in saiye." Wu Wang Keshang, Hugh Niu Fengma. The three tusks of The Leaps and Bounds were used to remove the Western Xia. ”
<h1>0 3 The geographical location is dangerous, and the peaceful place becomes a military fortress</h1>
During the Western Zhou Dynasty, Taolin was the only place to go east to Luoyang and west to Guanzhong, and was a traffic pass between east and west. Entering the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the princes competed for hegemony, the smoke was everywhere, and the beautiful peach forest became a place where soldiers and families had to fight due to the dangerous terrain.
In the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, the Jin state destroyed the state of Yu, annexed the state of Yu by the way, occupied Taolin and Kunshan, and established a long defense system in Taolin, which was Taolinsai. The name of Taolinsai was first mentioned in the Zuo Zhuan: "In the spring of (614 BC), the Marquis of Jin made Zhan Jia a flaw to guard the plug of Taolin. "This is the earliest record of the garrison of Taolin Shisai.
During the Warring States period, the princely states frequently launched annexation wars in order to expand the scope of their rule. If the Qin state living in the land of Qinchuan wanted to enter the Central Plains, it had to cross the Taolin Forest, so that the contradictions between the Jin state and the Qin state, which was eager to expand eastward, intensified. In April 619 BC, Duke Xiang of Jin died, and because of the establishment of the new king, Duke Kang of Qin sent an army to escort The son of Duke Wen of Jin and the younger brother of Duke Xiang of Jin in the Qin State to return to China to succeed to the throne, but was hindered by the power of the State of Zhao. When the Qin army marched to Linghu (令狐, in present-day linyi County, Shanxi Province), it was attacked by the Jin army at night, and the Qin army was defeated. History is called the "Battle of the Fox".
In 615 BC, Duke Kang of Qin, ashamed of Xuelinghu's defeat, personally led a large army across the river to attack the Jin state, capturing the Jinbian Yiqima (present-day Ruicheng, Shanxi, northwest of Fenglingdu), the Jin state sent an army to meet it, and the two armies faced each other at Hequ (present-day Fengling crossing the Yellow River bend), and after a brief confrontation, they retreated. Soon, the Qin army "re-invaded Jin and entered the flaw", and the Jin state sent an army to retake it, and sent Zhan Jia to garrison the flawed land and defend the plug of Taolin. According to Gu Yanwu, a beginner in the late Ming and Qing dynasties, Flaw and Hu Yintong are the same place, which is the lake of the "Book of Han and Geography", in the village of Wangjialing North south of the present-day Lingbaoyang Ping Town. There is a trench in the west, more than 10 meters wide and about 100 meters high, with two steep walls, easy to defend and difficult to attack, and the geographical situation is extremely dangerous.
From the geographical point of view, flaws are located in the west mouth of Taolin Sai, more than 40 kilometers to the west, there is a dangerous situation of Gutong Pass, and about 10 kilometers to the east is the Road "inferior" to the east and west of the Hangu Valley Road, which is fifteen miles long. Ancient east-west traffic, along this trench, its location has the value of a road between east and west.
The Qing Dynasty scholar Gu Donggao summed up the importance of Taolin Sai to the Jin Dynasty: "There is a taolin to the gateway of Qin, and the land of Hexi is in the territory of Qin, and the voice of Qin is breathing, and Jin knows everything." For two hundred years, the Qin people held their breath and did not dare to breathe, so they also did. "Relying on the Taolinsai Natural Pass, the Jin State choked the throat of the Qin State's eastward advance and delayed the Qin State's eastward march into the Central Plains for two hundred years.
<h1>0 4 There are countless Taolinsai wars, the most dangerous of which is the Taolin War of the Tang Dynasty</h1>
There are countless wars in History that have occurred in Taolinsai, large and small, and the most famous war is the Taolin War of the Tang Dynasty's "Anshi Rebellion".
After An Lushan rebelled against Tang, in December 755, after Emperor Xuanzong of Tang lost luoyang, he used Longyou Jiedu to make Ge Shuhan the deputy marshal of the terracotta army, and ordered him to lead an army of 200,000 to guard Tongguan. After Ge Shuhan entered Tongguan, he immediately strengthened the city defenses, deep ditches and high barriers, and closed and firmly guarded. An Lushan repeatedly attacked Tongguan from Hangu Pass along the Taolin Pass, but was repulsed by the Tang commander Ge Shuhan one by one. The main rebel force was held back at Tongguan for several months and could not advance westward.
In April 756, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang listened to Yang Guozhong's rumors and did not heed the opposition of many generals, so he ordered Ge Shuhan to abandon his plan to defend the pass and resist the enemy and send troops to retake Shaanxi. Goshuhan was forced to lead his troops out of the customs in early June and fought against the rebels at Taolin.
The rebels had already made preparations, and ambushed the elite troops in advance on the mountains to the south. After the two armies fought, the rebels pretended to be defeated and retreated, luring the Tang army into the pass. The elite soldiers of the rebel ambush suddenly launched an offensive, throwing rolling stones from the mountain downwards, and the Tang soldiers and soldiers crowded the pass, which was difficult to unfold, and the casualties were heavy.
According to the Zizhi Tongjian, "Dao Pass, soldiers are like bundles, and guns and mallets must not be used." Han took the felt cart and rode the horse as a precursor, and wanted to rush the thief. Taking advantage of the horses' fearful nature of beasts, Goshuhan built dozens of felt carts, painted dragons and tigers, and let the horses ride the felt carts to attack the rebel horses to disturb the rebel horses.
The rebels piled up firewood and grass on the narrow road, and when the felt cart rushed over, it lit the firewood, and the wind blew smoke, startling the driving horses to turn around and scurry back, dragging the burning vehicle head-on into the following Tang army team, and the people and horses trampled on each other. Thick smoke billowed out, the Tang army could not see the target clearly, the arrows were fired indiscriminately, and when the arrows were exhausted, the rebels came from behind, and the Tang army was defeated. Of the 200,000 troops, only 8,000 escaped, the commander-in-chief Shuhan was forced to surrender, and Tongguan and Chang'an were lost one after another. The Anshi Rebellion caused the Tang Dynasty to decline from strong to prosperous.
The great Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu's poem "Tongguan Official" describes the natural danger of Tongguan:
Even the clouds are in battle, and the birds cannot be surpassed.
Hu Lai but self-defense, will not worry about Xidu.
The man sees the key point, narrow and narrow bicycle.
Difficult and long, eternal use of a husband.
Mourn the peach forest war, millions turned into fish.
Please advise the general to be careful not to learn From Goshu!
With such a dangerous pass, and the defeat of the Tang army, expresses the poet's infinite regret for the defeat of Taolin in the First World War.
<h1>Conclusion</h1>
Father Quao chased the sun like a moth to a fire, and disappeared in the instant when he was about to catch up with the sun, forever frozen in people's spiritual impressions with an incomparably tragic picture, and his sacrifice projected an eternal spiritual meaning, that is, on the road of pursuing ideals, firm faith, nine deaths without regret.
The Taolin Forest, which was raised by the flesh and blood of Father Kwa, is a beautiful place, where the King of Wu exiled the war cattle, telling the world that from now on, there will be no war, no killing, and the people can live and work in peace and contentment. But those careerists have turned this promised land into a land of war, which has been fought endlessly for thousands of years.
In today's era, it is impossible to hold a country and no longer rely on the xiongguan fortress of mountains and rivers. For the great powers, where is the real Fortress of Xiongguan? In addition to the army, navy and air force in national defense, it is even more necessary to have a stronghold of people's hearts and public opinion to resist the enemy's omnipresent attack and infiltration.
(Picture from the Internet, infringement immediately deleted)
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