From "charging for one hour and queuing for four hours" to "a cup of coffee, full charge", the supercharging technology has gradually matured and achieved commercial use, bringing great convenience to new energy vehicle users and triggering local and industrial competition.
Shenzhen will build a "supercharging city", Guangzhou will build a "supercharging capital", and Hainan will aim at "supercharging island...... According to incomplete statistics, there are many provinces and cities such as Guangdong, Shandong, Zhejiang, and Hefei that have successively introduced policies to encourage the development of charging infrastructure. In terms of industry, Xpeng Motors S4 supercharging pile, Huawei fully liquid-cooled supercharging, Tesla supercharging pile...... New energy vehicle companies and technology giants have come down one after another, constantly improving relevant technological innovation and upgrading, and accelerating the advent of the "supercharging era".
However, at present, the popularization of supercharging construction is facing problems such as layout, cost, and industrial coordination. Wei Fulei, director of the Finance, Taxation, Trade and Industrial Development Research Center of China (Shenzhen) Comprehensive Development Research Institute, told the Securities Times reporter that as the entrance to the energy Internet, the charging facilities of new energy vehicles are connected to the consumers of new energy vehicles at one end and the entire new energy vehicle industry chain at the other end.
Charge like refueling
"The battery goes from 30 to 90 percent, and it doesn't take half an hour. After the super charging station was built, Mr. Wu of Shenzhen has become Xi to "check in" at the Futian SCP Center every weekend. "Plug in the charging gun, scan the code, and then go to the mall for a walk, or buy a cup of coffee, buy some daily necessities, and come out with a basic full charge, with the charging record and parking discounts. ”
In November this year, Shenzhen's first new energy vehicle supercharging comprehensive experience center was officially opened, located at the Futian SCP Center.
According to the staff, Huawei's fully liquid-cooled supercharging technology provides important support for the supercharging experience center. The reporter saw in the parking lot of SCPG Center that the maximum output power of the supercharging pile is as high as 600kW and the maximum current is 600A. Based on the battery capacity of a new energy vehicle of 100 kWh, if it is kept at the highest power, it can be fully charged in less than 10 minutes.
Charging piles are an indispensable supporting infrastructure for new energy vehicles, and at present, charging piles are divided into slow charging, fast charging, and overcharging according to different charging speeds.
Slow charging is mainly in the form of AC charging, with a general power of about 7kW, while fast charging and overcharging are high-voltage fast charging methods based on DC charging technology, in which the maximum output power of overcharging can reach 600kW.
"It's fast, and the gun is light. The traditional fast charging pile is very difficult for a big man to hold, and this supercharge has improved a lot in terms of convenience of operation. Mr. Wu told reporters.
With the continuous innovation of technology, the first two major problems have been basically solved, and the emergence of overcharging technology has greatly alleviated the "charging anxiety" of new energy vehicle consumers, which may further enhance the penetration rate of new energy vehicles.
100 billion level market increment
In June this year, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Further Building a High-quality Charging Infrastructure System", which clearly stated that the construction of charging infrastructure should be arranged in advance. At the same time, it is proposed that by 2030, a high-quality charging infrastructure system with extensive coverage, moderate scale, reasonable structure and perfect functions will be basically built.
In response to the core pain point of "slow charging", which is the energy supplement of electric vehicles, "supercharging" is becoming a new direction for the development of the industry. From the perspective of the industry, supercharging technology is expected to bring huge market increments.
Xingyuan Borui is a company that provides power conversion support and charging modules for the charging equipment of new energy vehicles, and Ru Yonggang, general manager of the company, told reporters that the charging and energy replenishment experience is indeed the primary concern that restricts car consumers from choosing electric vehicles. With the gradual popularization of supercharging, coupled with the abundance of various charging and battery swapping methods such as slow charging and fast charging, users are provided with more diversified choices, which can greatly improve consumers' willingness to buy new energy vehicles.
According to data from Caixin Securities, under the dual role of the market and policy, it is expected that the global market space for charging piles will reach 192.9 billion yuan in 2027, with an average annual compound growth rate of 45% in the next five years, of which the domestic market space will reach 130.2 billion yuan, with an average annual compound growth rate of 42% in the next five years.
"The advantages of China's development of supercharging are: first, we have a very strong infrastructure capacity, second, we have a very strong power grid, third, we have a group of technology leaders like Huawei, and fourth, there is a great market demand and market foundation in the future. Ru Yonggang said.
Cities and enterprises compete with each other
Recently, the "Shenzhen New Energy Vehicle Supercharging Facilities Special Plan (2023-2025)" issued by Shenzhen sounded the clarion call for the construction of a "supercharging city". According to the plan, no less than 150 public overcharging stations will be built by the end of 2023, and no less than 300 public overcharging stations will be built by the end of March 2024.
In addition to Shenzhen, many provinces and cities, including Hainan, Shandong, Zhejiang, Guangzhou, Hefei, etc., have successively introduced policies to encourage the development of charging infrastructure, with a total of more than 20 relevant policies.
Hainan launched the "Supercharging Island" construction plan, proposing to build more than 400 supercharging stations by 2025, and Guangzhou launched the "Supercharging Capital" plan, which clearly supports the use of super high-power charging technology to build a multi-level, multi-category and multi-scenario electric vehicle charging and swapping market system.
From the perspective of the industrial chain, "supercharging" has become the driving force of the upstream and downstream of the entire industrial chain. In terms of car companies, manufacturers such as BYD, Porsche, Tesla, Xpeng, Ideal, Aion, and Zeekr have successively released supercharging solutions, while A-share listed companies such as Autoxun, Shenghong, and Jinguan have launched relevant business layouts. "Supercharging" has even attracted cross-border players such as PetroChina and Sinopec.
"Supercharging not only solves the charging needs of consumers, but also is an important breakthrough to drive a new round of technological iteration of power batteries, new energy auto parts, energy Internet, digital energy technology and other related industries in the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain. Wefley said.
Judging from the current situation, Shenzhen has a leading edge in both planning and layout and industrial ecology.
"50" and "70" are two important numbers for the development trend of Shenzhen's supercharging equipment industry. At present, the total national market share of charging pile equipment in Shenzhen exceeds 50%, and 11 local charging equipment terminal manufacturing enterprises in Shenzhen, such as Yonglian, Shenghong, Kehua, EN+, Infineon, Cresda, Kelu Electronics, Megmit, Autoxun, Changyuan Shenrui, Huawei, etc., rank in the forefront of the country, and the charging module as the core component of the charging pile has a total market share of more than 70%, and Yonglian, Infineon, Youyou Green Energy, Huawei, Kehua, Megmit, Shenghong, Enkerui and other Shenzhen enterprises are among the leaders.
A number of industrial problems need to be solved
Under the "heat" of supercharging, we still need to think coldly. According to a number of interviewed experts and scholars, the construction of supercharging stations still faces some challenges, such as high investment costs, long payback periods, lack of planning for the layout of batteries, vehicles and piles, and grid coordination.
A person in charge of a listed company mainly engaged in charging piles told reporters, "The entire industry is still in the investment stage and has not yet entered the real return period." According to its calculations, at present, the average utilization rate of the entire public charging pile industry is about 10%, which is equivalent to 2.4 hours a day of charging. He said that in the field of public charging piles, relevant enterprises want to further form a competitive situation, and a more reasonable utilization range should be 20%-30%.
As a new technology product, how to choose between supercharging, slow charging, and fast charging?
"You can't blindly tear down the previous slow charging because you want to accelerate the construction of supercharging. Weffley said that most of the stock of electric vehicles are not suitable for overcharging, and from the perspective of practical application scenarios, the demand for supercharging at highways and public stations is more urgent. Therefore, to promote the construction of supercharging, the ratio relationship between different types of charging piles should be maintained, and the reasonable optimal allocation of resources should be gradually realized through the selection of the market.
Xiao Ke, a partner of Chuangdong Investment, has been focusing on the research and investment of the new energy vehicle industry chain. He told reporters that slow charging, fast charging and overcharging correspond to three different scenarios, and there is no substitution. Different users have different needs, and the emergence of supercharging is to enrich charging products, not to replace existing charging piles.
Xiao Ke believes that the large-scale implementation of supercharging is not completed by a single market participant, this is an ecosystem that requires multiple efforts to cooperate and build together, market participants have charging piles, batteries, power grids, car companies, etc., and also need the government's resource planning and guidance to carry out overall planning of the supercharging network.
Waverley also suggested that we should seize the standard high ground as soon as possible and grasp the international discourse of supercharging. "First-class enterprises sell standards, the mainland's new energy vehicle industry has a first-mover advantage in the world, exports are growing rapidly, and supercharging equipment as a supporting facility will inevitably go to sea with new energy vehicles in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to organize the strength of leading enterprises and professional institutions to compile relevant standards as soon as possible, so as to turn Chinese standards into world standards. ”
Editor-in-charge: Zhu Yumeng
Proofreading: Peng Qihua
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