The Old Book of Tang and the Biography of Pei Du says, "Victory and defeat are common affairs of soldiers", which means that those who lead troops to fight are inevitable. But there is such a founding general in China, who is the only general who has not lost a battle in 1955. At that time, he was supposed to be awarded the rank of lieutenant general, but he was specially instructed by Chairman Mao to be promoted to general. He was the "Whirlwind Commander", Han Xianchu.
Throughout his life, Comrade Han Xianchu devoted his life to The cause of China's revolution, made outstanding contributions to the construction and reform of the Chinese revolution, and made no small meritorious achievement. It is reasonable to say that a founding general like him should be buried in the "revolutionary cemetery" Babaoshan, but why didn't he sleep here for a long time? Today, I will tell you the story of "Whirlwind Commander" Han Xianchu.
Han Xianchu
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" >1 suffering</h1>
Han Xianchu was born in February 1913 to a poor peasant family in Hong'an County, Hubei Province. There is a poem cloud, "Since ancient Xiongcai has suffered a lot, he has never been a young man", this poem is really suitable for Han Xianchu.
Han Xianchu's father, Han Zhikai, married his wife from Sichuan at the age of 30 due to his family's poverty, and Han Xianchu, as the fourth child who came to the family, made the family's otherwise difficult livelihood more difficult.
However, his father still had the wish that "God can give him a treasure" and gave him the name "Tianbao".
In the Chinese countryside of that era, life was of course extremely difficult. The whole country is either fighting wars or making revolutions, and the countryside where Han Xianchu lived was certainly no exception, and they often ran out of food. In order to make a living, the father had to give his eldest daughter Han Xianming to a family surnamed Tian as a child bridesmaid.
Shortly after Han Xianchu's eldest sister left home, when he had just turned two years old, his brother, who was six years older than him, suddenly had a high fever, and although his parents used a lot of local methods for him, they still failed to save his life.
The death of the eldest son hit Han Xianchu's mother hard, and it wasn't long before she also fell ill.
At that time, the poor were most afraid of getting sick, because they had no money to heal and had to wait for death. Soon after, his mother also died with a grudge.
A poor family loses the hostess who presides over the household, and life will certainly become more difficult. So Han Xianchu's father decided to send his younger son to the Tian family and put him next to his eldest sister to take care of him, so that he could have a full meal.
When Han Xianchu was eight years old, he understood why he was in the Tian family, he felt that people should have backbones, returned to their own homes, and relied on their father for their lives, and when they were 12 years old, their father's day shrank his clothes and food, and sent Han Xianchu to study private school for a year.
According to the family tree of the Han family, mr. Han named him Han Xianchu, which means to lead Hubei. But as we all know, with the merits of Han Xianchu, it is needless to say that he is ahead of Hubei, but simply leading the whole country.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >2 begins the journey of the horse</h1>
After the founding of the Communist Party of China, the Huang'an (now Hong'an) and Macheng areas of Hubei Province gradually had the footprints of the Communist Party.
In 1927, the peasants in Huang'an and Macheng revolted and captured Huang'ancheng in one fell swoop, which greatly encouraged Han Xianchu and did not hesitate to participate in the vigorous peasant movement. He joined the Peasants' Association at the age of 16 as the head of the Boy Scout League, and in 1929 joined the Communist Youth League of China.
When he understood that the poor should have their own ranks, he went east and west, contacted a dozen young men from the same village, and joined the Red Army guerrillas. From then on, his revolutionary road began.
After arriving in the revolutionary ranks, Han Xianchu was promoted from soldier and deputy squad leader to squad leader because of his active work and hard-working.
In the spring of 1931, in order to contain and attack the enemy, the superior sent Han Xianchu's guerrilla unit to Huangpi, the area north of Xiaogan, to strengthen reconnaissance and vigilance on the Pinghan Line.
At that time, the Kuomintang established militia groups, red gun clubs and other armed forces in the Pixiao area to deal with the Red Army guerrillas. When they were training, in addition to teaching them the use of firearms and large knives, they would also conduct superstitious education for them, and they would say to the people of the Red Gun Society: If you eat cinnabar, you can not enter the knife and gun.
At that time, because of their lack of cultural knowledge, they naturally believed. However, although cinnabar can indeed detoxify and prevent corrosion, it does not have the same effect as turning a person's flesh into an invincible golden body.
I have to say that the role of psychological cues is very powerful, and some outlaws in the Red Gun Society drank cinnabar wine before fighting, and they really thought that they could "not enter the sword and gun", and their arrogance was very arrogant.
However, the Red Army guerrillas were not formed for a long time, the team was still full of poor local peasants, lacked cultural knowledge and experience in fighting wars, and the combat tools were poor, there were only a dozen old guns, most of which used shotguns, muskets, large knives, and wooden sticks. Let them go to war with the confident and well-trained Red Gun Club, and it is inevitable that there will be some timidity in their hearts.
One day, the Red Gun Society suddenly struck, and the Red Army guerrillas were caught off guard.
Because they had no experience in participating in the war, some fighters of the guerrilla group did not dare to go forward and kill the enemy bravely, and even because of the lack of scientific knowledge, they also believed that the enemy of the Red Gun Society would not be able to enter the knife and gun, and some people did not shoot, so they rushed back and shouted as they ran: "Run quickly, the red gun will not enter the knife and gun!" ”
As a result, the guerrilla contingent was instantly thrown into disarray and lost its command.
The outlaws of the Red Gun Society were even more arrogant when they saw this, and they pounced on them viciously and began to slash and kill the guerrillas. In the melee, several guerrillas were cut down by the enemy in a pool of blood. Among them, Han Xianchu's brother-in-law was also unfortunately hacked to death with a large knife by the people of the Red Gun Society.
At this moment of life and death, Han Xianchu anxiously rushed to the captain and begged, "Quickly organize everyone to fight back, and we must not retreat!" ”
But although the captain was the captain, he was only the leader of the Red Army guerrillas, and he was also a young rural youth who had recently enlisted in the army; in the face of such an emergency situation of death and escape, he could not do anything exquisite, and could only gasp for breath at a loss.
Han Xianchu was full of anger and had nowhere to go, so he shouted, "We are revolutionary fighters, we must not die under the knife of this gang of turtles and grandsons of the Red Gun Society, and we must fight with the enemy!" ”
After saying that, he glared at the enemy and fired several shots in a row.
The "knife and gun" Red Gun Society fell several people in succession. The two warriors beside him saw that there were people on the other side, and their courage was immediately doubled - it turned out that the Red Gun Society was not the incorruptible body of King Kong!
So they slashed at the enemy with a large knife together. When the other fighters saw this, they all calmed down and immediately threw themselves into battle, firing at the Red Gun Society personnel.
Good triumphed over evil, and the "invincible" red gun would fall one by one under the knife of the guerrilla fighters.
When the guerrilla leader saw this, he immediately waved the gun in his hand and roared angrily: "Rush forward for me, and hit me fiercely!" ”
In the face of the sudden change, the head of the Red Gun Society was terrified, although he roared in the back, but all the people were running for their lives, no one listened to him, and when he saw that the situation was not good, he also mixed in and fled.
Shortly after this battle, Han Xianchu took the lead in fighting back and bravely killing the enemy, and gloriously changed from a member of the Youth League to a member of the Chinese Communist Party, realizing his dream ideal. Of course, this was also the first victory in his life.
In the autumn of that year, the guerrillas were reorganized into independent battalions, and Han Xianchu was appointed platoon leader of a company.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >3 generation of famous generals</h1>
In April 1933, Han Xianchu's independent regiment was reorganized to strengthen the Red 25th Army that remained behind in the struggle against Eyu and Anhui. During this period, he successively served as deputy company commander, company commander and battalion commander of the 224th Regiment, and he remained a battalion commander until he accompanied the army to northern Shaanxi.
In mid-November 1934, the Red 25th Army broke through the enemy's blockade at Zhutangdian in Luoshan County, Henan Province, and was forced to fight a vicious battle in Dushu Town. And this battle also made him famous.
Dushu Town Qiligang is an earthen hill extending southeast from the eastern foothills of Funiu Mountain, with steep terrain and large drops, and the gap between the top of the post and the highway is more than ten meters, forming a man-made construction site that is easy to defend and difficult to attack.
In the cold winds of November, the snow particles blown by the wind drifted on the faces of the warriors, which hurt people, and the difference in body temperature and temperature also made the soldiers' eyes frost. At this moment, although they could not see the distance clearly, they could faintly see that not far away would be their next home.
But unexpectedly, the 115th Brigade and the cavalry regiment of the Kuomintang Army had arrived one step ahead of schedule and occupied the first-line positions such as Duanzhuang, Mazhuang, and Qiligang. At this time, they had ambushed the surrounding area, built fortifications, formed an arc-shaped blockade battle line, and when the 25th Army arrived, they pounced on the Red Army like hungry tigers.
A "bang" of a gunshot shattered the temporary silence of Fang fang.
The vanguard troops were completely exposed to the enemy's field of vision, and the Red Army commander had to hastily issue an order: "Fight! beat! ”
At this time, Han Xianchu, who was the main attacker, was flexible and mobile, adopting roundabout tactics to counter-encircle the enemy and finally annihilate several times the enemy. The victory in the Battle of Dushu Town smashed the conspiracy of the old Chiang Kai-shek to encircle and suppress the Red 25th Army on the Long March Road, and played the prestige of the Red 25th Army.
In the Liberation War, the three columns of Dongye were an excellent column, and under the leadership of the famous general Han Xianchu, they fought many beautiful victories and were called whirlwind troops by the enemy Liao Yaoxiang.
At first, they stubbornly insisted on fighting in southern Manchuria, and when the northeast was in danger, they won the victory of Sibao Linjiang, and thus reversed the situation in the northeast. In the autumn offensive, they adopted the tactic of digging their hearts, marched 120 kilometers in a hurry, rushed to Weiyuan Fort, and completely annihilated the 116th Division.
In the autumn of 1950, Han Xianchu participated in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, serving as deputy commander of the Chinese Volunteer Army, member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee of the Volunteer Army, and commander of the 19th Corps, participating in the command of the First, Second, Third and Fourth Campaigns.
During the korean war, in accordance with the instructions of his superiors, he faithfully fulfilled the glorious mission and internationalist obligations entrusted by the party and the people, made outstanding military achievements, and also forged a deep friendship with the Korean military and people, and was awarded one national flag medal of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea of the first class and two medals of freedom and independence of the first class.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >4 "bold and bold", and supported the early attack on Hainan Island</h1>
On May 18, 1936, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission decided to let Peng Dehuai, then commander and political commissar of the Red Army, lead the Red I Army and the Red XV Army to march west to expand the new base area.
Peng Dehuai
The Red Fifteenth Army marched west in two directions, of which the Red Seventy-eighth Division, commanded by Han Xianchu, was operating alone on the north road.
On May 20, when the troops reached Dingbian Chengguan, the reconnaissance officers reported that there was a cavalry battalion of the Kuomintang army Ma Hongkui in the city.
After receiving the report, Han Xianchu immediately rushed to the 232nd Regiment, which was the leader of the regiment, and discussed with the regimental commander Wang Derong and the political commissar Liu Maogong how to attack DingbianCheng.
While looking at the terrain, they found the enemy cavalry battalion strangely moving, and they neither attacked, nor harassed with guns, nor fled. Therefore, Liu Maogong, political commissar of the regiment, analyzed that they may be afraid of being surrounded and annihilated by our army, and they are afraid that they will not be able to pay the account by abandoning the city and fleeing.
So according to the analysis of the terrain and the enemy's weaknesses, they prepared a ladder climbing strategy and prepared to destroy the defending enemy in one fell swoop.
Han Xianchu asked the chief of staff to send a telegram to Commander Peng Dehuai and the Headquarters of the Red Fifteenth Army, reporting on the decision to attack Dingbian, and the telegram said: "The enemy is afraid of our annihilation, attacking the city of Keke, our division is determined to annihilate the enemy in Kecheng, and hopes to quickly check and restore." ”
At the same time, an order was issued to the 233rd Regiment and the 234th Regiment: "We must arrive at Dingbian before 4 p.m. to prepare for the battle." ”
However, Peng Dehuai considered that if it could not be attacked, it would affect the entire combat operation, so he immediately sent back a telegram: "Ignore the border and continue to detour forward." ”
After receiving Peng Dehuai's order, Han Xianchu hesitated, if he continued to fight, he would disobey the order, but it would be a pity not to fight. In the future, if you want to attack Dingbian again, you will definitely have to pay a huge price.
Han Xianchu (first from left)
After thinking about it, Han Xianchu made a "bold" decision: "Fight! ”
In September 1947, Han Xianchu was transferred to the commander of the Third Column of the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army. In January of the following year, the Northeast Democratic United Army was renamed the Northeast People's Liberation Army, and Han Xianchu was reappointed as the commander of the Third Column of the Northeast People's Liberation Army.
In the northeast, Han Xianchu was a strange "phenomenon", and several Kuomintang commanders who sat in command in the northeast called him "whirlwind commander". At that time, The Kuomintang officer Du Yuming was transferred out of the northeast because of the disastrous defeat of the commanding troops, and when he left his post, he also said: "The most difficult thing to deal with is Han Xianchu's 'whirlwind unit'. ”
Han Xianchu (second from right in the first row)
What is so great about him?
On December 18, 1949, the Fourth Field Army sent a report on the decision to liberate Hainan Island to Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong did not give instructions immediately to this, but pressed it on the desk.
It was not that he did not want to liberate Hainan Island, but the defeat at the Battle of Kinmen more than a month ago made him have to consider the heavy cost of losing the battle.
It was not until December 30 that Mao Zedong issued the Instructions on Doing a Good Job in Crossing the Sea.
In February 1950, a combat conference was held in Guangzhou to attack Hainan Island and it was decided that preparations for the sea crossing operation would be completed at the end of May and the sea crossing and landing operation would be carried out in June.
For this decision, Han Xianchu retained his own different views.
He said: "If the campaign against Hainan Island is not launched within 5 days before gu rain, that is, before April 20, it will be delayed for another year." Because the People's Liberation Army's sea crossing tools are basically wind sailing ships, they have to rely on the monsoon wind before the valley rains to cross the sea. ”
After the Guangzhou Conference, Han Xianchu returned to the Forty Army and immediately convened the Military Party Committee. At the meeting, he made a request: "Regarding the timing of the landing operation in June, it will not be conveyed downwards. It should be emphasized to the troops that the time for crossing the sea can only be advanced, not delayed, and all preparatory work must be completed by March. ”
Han Xianchu first sent a telegram, but did not hear back, and on March 31, in the name of the Party Committee of the 40th Army, he called the 15th Corps: The conditions for large-scale sea crossing operations are ripe. Still ignored.
Seeing that April is coming, if you miss the monsoon in April, you will have to wait until September, when the People's Liberation Army's sea crossing tools are unpowered wind sailing ships, must rely on the monsoon before the valley rains to cross the sea, and more importantly, wait for 5 months to be afraid of long nights.
On April 7, Han Xianchu sent another telegram, calling the 15th Corps, the Siye, and the Military Commission respectively, demanding that the Hainan Island Campaign be launched immediately, "If the 43rd Army is not ready, it is willing to lead the main force of the 40th Army to cross the sea to fight.", he wants to fight hainan island with one army.
After the military order was issued, Chairman Mao issued instructions that one of the main reasons for the defeat of Kinmen was that the division command team did not go up, and the three regiments that went up fought for themselves, which inevitably caused chaos, and it was necessary to learn a lesson in the liberation of Hainan Island.
Han Xianchu looked around, no one wanted to go, and finally decided to personally serve as the first landing commander.
At three o'clock in the morning of April 17, 1950, the 40 military wooden sailing boat triumphantly grabbed the beach south of the high corner of the hainan and began to attack the Kuomintang beachhead position. Han Xianchu, along with the vanguard troops, waded through the water and grabbed the beach under the enemy's artillery fire, and the soldiers, fearing that he would have an accident, hurriedly braved the enemy's artillery fire and rushed over to press him to death behind a boulder to protect him.
At six o'clock in the morning of the same day, Nie Rongzhen, who was in the War Room of the General Staff in Beijing, anxiously interrupted a division chief's report and asked, "Where is Xianchu?" ”
The commissioner replied, "He has gone to the island." ”
Nie Rongzhen
At this moment, Nie Rongzhen, who was standing in front of the battle map, sat heavily on the chair: "It is enough to have this sentence!" ”
If a commander like Han Xianchu goes to the island, then victory is in sight.
Sure enough, within three days, the "Boling Defense Line" painstakingly managed by the famous Kuomintang general Xue Yue and 120,000 nationalist troops collapsed, and Xue Yue, a high-caliber student of the Huangpu Phase I, who was called the "Tiger of Changsha" by the Japanese army, was also driven out of the end of the world by General Han Xianchu, who often wrote typos.
On May 1, the entire territory of Hainan Island was liberated. On June 25, the Korean War broke out. On the 27th, the US Seventh Fleet entered the Taiwan Strait and openly saved the moribund Kuomintang regime.
Only then did people understand the general's strategic vision. If he had not been at that time, risking the total annihilation of the army to rush the beach and land, and use the last five days of the monsoon to lay down Hainan Island, the situation in the South China Sea may now be more complicated, and there may even be two "Taiwans".
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" >5 Why not enter the "Eight Treasure Mountain" after death</h1>
In China, burial in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery after death is a symbol of status and rank, but at least nearly half of the deceased politburo members of the CPC Central Committee and important generals of the People's Liberation Army, including Premier Zhou, have not entered the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery or have moved out one after another.
At the beginning of 1976, Zhou Enlai died, and according to his last words that "the ashes should not be retained, they should be scattered", four ashes were scattered over the estuary of beijing, the Miyun Reservoir, the estuary of the Haihe River in Tianjin, and the estuary of the Yellow River in Binzhou, Shandong.
These symbolize his love for the capital, his emphasis on water control, his education and participation in the revolutionary movement, and his longing for his mother.
And Han Xianchu was also buried in his hometown of Hong'an because of his last wishes. He loved his hometown, the starting point of his revolution and the place where he was raised. After the success of the revolution, he returned to his hometown three times to help his compatriots who were not rich.
When he found that the villagers were not warmly dressed, he immediately ordered someone to dial the lanzhou military region's telephone and asked them to allocate 50,000 old army coats.
He also said, "If there is no money, it will be deducted from my salary, and if my salary is not enough, it will be deducted from the wages of my sons and grandsons." ”
In his view, the reason why Huang'an was renamed Hong'an was because Huang'an sacrificed 140,000 people for the Chinese revolution, and Hong'an's "red" was dyed red with the blood of martyrs.
Hong'an people Jie di Ling is the first great general county in China and the second largest martyr county. During the revolutionary war, the Hong'an people made great contributions, with nearly 23,000 registered martyrs. Here the stars gathered and 223 generals walked out. At the time of the award, Hong'an was awarded a total of 61 general ranks, which is a veritable first general county.
On October 3, 1986, General Han Xianchu died in Beijing at the age of 74.
Since ancient times, Chinese relocated to the land, once they leave their homeland, they will have homesickness, Han Xianchu chose to return to the roots of the fallen leaves, which is also the long-cherished wish of people who go out and live in other places to go home after all. A good boy is determined to be in all directions, and the soul returns home after a lifetime, which can also be regarded as a complete end to life