原题：《朱元璋测试儿孙才能 | 贡发芹》
Source: Film and television photos
Zhu Yuanzhang gave birth to 26 sons and 16 daughters in his life.
Zhu Yuanzhang's family was poor when he was a child, and he had no opportunity to go to school, so he barely studied in a private school for a year or two, then dropped out of school and had to herd cattle for the landlord's family.
After Zhu Yuanzhang became the emperor, he paid special attention to the education of his children and grandchildren, specially built a large hall in the palace, stored ancient and modern books, recruited talents, recruited famous scholars and Confucians from all over the world to come to the imperial court, carefully educated the prince and the kings, and took turns to give lectures, so that the prince and the kings could learn from each other's strengths. In addition, Zhu Yuanzhang also selected many talented young talents to study.
In order to arouse the enthusiasm of the crown prince and the kings to learn and Xi, Zhu Yuanzhang can often arrange banquets and poetry activities, so that everyone can talk about the past and the present, learn from each other's strengths, and learn from each other's strengths.
When Zhu Yuanzhang called King Wu, he established his eldest son Zhu Biao as his son, and arranged to learn Xi scriptures with Song Lian. He has been carefully taught since he was a child, and Ming Taizu has high hopes for him and has cultivated him in many ways. In the first month of the first year of Hongwu (1368), he was established as the crown prince and officially established him as his successor. However, Zhu Biao died early and failed to inherit the unification. Zhu Yuanzhang did not re-establish the crown prince, but in September of the 25th year of Hongwu (1392), Zhu Biao's second son Zhu Yunwen was appointed as the emperor's grandson, and Zhu Yunwen was established as the heir to the throne.
But Zhu Yunwen is young, relatively impetuous, has no city, and does not understand human feelings, Zhu Yuanzhang is very uneasy. In order to understand the talents and Xi of his children and grandchildren and prevent them from slackening, Zhu Yuanzhang often went to the main hall to check homework and conduct on-site examinations, aiming to urge everyone to make continuous progress. Zhu Yuanzhang paid special attention to the study and Xi of Zhu Yunwen, the grandson of the emperor, and inherited the unification and governed the world in the future.
One day, Zhu Yuanzhang came to the main hall and specially tested the talent and knowledge of Zhu Yunwen, the emperor's grandson, and asked him to write a poem in public. The last two lines of Zhu Yunwen's poem are:
Although hidden in the lake, there is also clear light in Kyushu.
Zhu Yuanzhang has always liked the rough and bold poetic style, and after reading the poems, he felt that it was soft and lacked the majestic temperament and heroic spirit that the master should have, and he was very dissatisfied.
In order to further test and enlighten the imperial grandson, Zhu Yuanzhang improvised a couplet:
The wind blows a thousand lines of horsetail;
asked Zhu Yunwen to continue to the next link. Zhu Yunwen pondered for a while, and then said:
The rain hits the wool and a piece of felt.
Zhu Yuanzhang tightened his eyebrows, shook his head and said: "That's right, the tone is still low, and there is no arrogance to look down on the world." "Zhu Yunwen's lower couplet, although it is okay in terms of text, structure, and metaphor alone, but the idea is not too lofty, the language is trivial, the image is indecent, the connotation is not deep, and the sentence is obviously not good. For this reason, Zhu Yuanzhang was very worried about Zhu Yunwen.
Zhu Di, the fourth prince who was good at welcoming his father, stood aside, and when he saw this scene, he stepped forward and said:
The sun shines on the dragon scales and 10,000 points of gold.
The couplet caters to Zhu Yuanzhang's taste very much, Zhu Yuanzhang was overjoyed, turned his worries into happiness, and shouted repeatedly: "That's good, that's good!" Zhu Di responded with the sentence "Rizhao". The use of "10,000 points of gold" to metaphorize "dragon scales" is indeed courageous, and it also contains the meaning of the emperor. Zhu Yuanzhang could see it, but he didn't break it.
Before leaving the main hall, Zhu Yuanzhang repeatedly encouraged Zhu Yunwen, the emperor's grandson, to work hard to learn Xi, whether he was writing articles and poems, or making couplets, he must have a bearing attitude.
In the following years, Zhu Yuanzhang was particularly worried that Zhu Yunwen might not be the opponent of his fourth uncle Zhu Di. Later, although Zhu Yunwen inherited the unification, he was indeed not Zhu Di's opponent. Within a few years, Zhu Di seized the throne from his nephew Zhu Yunwen and became the ancestor of the Ming Dynasty. Although Zhu Di uses relevant strategies and means, he mainly relies on talent. In the entire Ming Dynasty, except for the founding emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Di made the greatest achievements.
About the Author
Gong Faqin, pen name Yalu, Gong Hui. He is a special researcher of the Anhui Provincial Museum of Culture and History, a member of the Chinese Literature and Art Critics Association, a member of the Chinese Folk Literature and Art Association, a member of the Chinese Prose, Poetry, Reportage, and Chinese Poetry Society, and a member of the Anhui Writers Association and Critics Association. He has published 23 books such as the prose collection "Hometown Homesickness", the poetry collection "Understatement", and the literary and art criticism collection "Guan Jian Confucius", and his works have been selected into more than 30 anthologies such as "Chinese Poetry Yearbook", and won more than 10 awards such as the Anhui Golden Harvest Literature Award, the Anhui Provincial Social Science Popular Reading Award, the Chinese Prose Annual Conference Award, the Qu Yuan Poetry Award, and the Mingguang Municipal Government Literature Award.
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