Xue Yuanming
Today's summer solstice is one of the first of the twenty-four solar terms to be determined. "But the summer solstice is not hot", "the summer solstice three geng number volts". Temperatures will continue to rise after the summer solstice, and in about twenty or thirty days, it will be the hottest weather. The ancient Chinese divided the summer solstice into three seasons: one waiting for the antlers to be solved, the second waiting for the cicadas to start singing, and the third waiting for the summer to be born. The summer solstice is also an important folk traditional festival - "Summer Solstice Festival". Folk customs such as worshipping gods and ancestors, spending summers and avoiding ambushes, eating noodles, and eating rice dumplings. In the daily life of the writers of the past generations, composing poems, copying scriptures, appraisals, rewarding answers, recording ancient times, collecting links, postings, writing fans, engraving seals, etc. are their recipes for eliminating summer, and spending the summer with the method of writing and engraving, which shows the popularity of the literati and the same lineage.
"Summer Solstice", as the name suggests, summer arrives as promised.
The sun is scorching, the heat is persistent, what is used to resolve it? There is a difference between ancient and modern. Nowadays, there are cold drinks and air conditioning. This is the boon of modern technology. But after a long time, it does not sweat and does not move, which is very bad for the body. The ancients did not have high technology, even if it is said that the ice cold things, except for the royal nobility, the average person can not enjoy. But precisely because there is no high technology, people's IQ is exerted to the limit.
Speaking of calligraphers alone, there are many ways to set an "example" for future generations. Many times, the method of cooling off the heat is collectively referred to as "reading and writing", which is inevitably a bit vague and is actually famous.
One is poetry. Ancient writers must have been poets, born with "two in one". Wu Zegui was the only female emperor, but in fact she was also a poet and a calligrapher. The Poems of You Shishu are the only seven laws of Wu's life. In the summer of 700 AD, Wu Zetian led his ministers on a tour of Zhongyue Song Mountain, took refuge in the summer of the Shishu River, feasted on the group of ministers, improvised a poem "Summer Tour shishu", ordered the subjects to be subordinated to the peace, and then made a preface, ordered Xue Yao to write, and carved on the cliff wall. Xue Yao was the eldest son of Emperor Zhongshu of Tang Dynasty, Xue Yuanchao, and was the official Zhizheng Doctor. Chu Suiliang was his uncle, the grandson of The Famous Minister Wei Zheng. Xue Yao and his cousin Xue Ji were the same teacher, and the scholar Chu Suiliang, with a pen was thinner and harder, the knot was looser, more dangerous and slender than Chu Shu, and enjoyed a big name at that time. Later generations believe that the calligraphy of the Xue brothers was the ancestor of the "thin gold body" of Emperor Huizong of Song, which is not deserved.
Southern Song Dynasty Zhang Jizhi 's Buddhist Testament Sutras', Summer Solstice
The second is to copy the scriptures. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhang Yiyi copied a lot of scriptures in his lifetime, and they were all long treatises, not writing scriptures, but like writing scriptures. It can be seen from the Buddhist Testament that Zhang Jizhi's calligraphy was deeply influenced by the Tang people, and he first learned Ouyang Qing, Chu Suiliang and Yan Zhenqing, and then transferred to Mi Fu, participated in the Han Li and Jin and Tang Classics, and was influenced by Zen philosophical thought to form a unique style. The pen is solid and strong, simple and condensed, the dot painting Gu Pan is affectionate, the knot is handsome and the bone is strong, and the breath is bright and refreshing without being conventional. Zhang Jizhi was born in a family of famous eunuchs, the son of Zhang Xiaobo, the governor of the government, the nephew of the patriotic poet Zhang Xiaoxiang, and the eighth grandson of the famous poet Zhang Zhi of the Middle Tang Dynasty. Calligraphy can be "passed down from home to family", with Zhang Xiaoxiang's book as the main tone, and its own system. Zhang Jizhi is good at calligraphy and list books, and likes to make big characters. He became the leading figure in the southern Song Dynasty's book circle, and was an innovator who turned the tide in the late Southern Song Dynasty and spent his life trying to change the decline of the book style. The "History of Song" praised it for "smelling the world with noh books" and "the big characters are quaint and elegant, and the fine books are especially handsome and extraordinary".
Ming Zhao Mi Guang Jia Yin long to
The third is appraisal. Zhao Miguang of the Ming Dynasty was famous for his grass seals, which shocked the world and witnessed the unruly heart of a scholar. But whoever learns the ancient, the ancient, and the ancient, naturally does not care about the cold or the heat. Zhao Youguang identified the "Stone Drum Text", entitled "Ten Chapters of Hunting Poems of King Taishi of Zhou Xuan". Zhao Shi's "Hanshan Broom Talk" Zeng Yun: "Three generations down neat writing, hunting alone." No matter how wonderful the strokes are, that is, "Wind", "Ya", "Ode" dozens of chapters deleted after the rare treasure also". Zhao Miguang regarded the stone drum as precious, so the collection of Tuoben is not in the minority, and it was mentioned in the "Stone Drum Article Sentence" that in order to facilitate the proofreading of the stone drum text, there were as many as ten kinds of engraved copies and commentaries from various families. In view of the status of the Zhao Miguang seal book in the history of calligraphy, it was further respected especially in the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, whoever has Zhao Bao in the Shigu Tuo must be the admirer of future generations of collectors.
Speaking of "Stone Drum Text", there is one person who cannot fail to mention, that is, the Eight Greats. Most people come to the "Stone Drum Text", they are careful to keep the original appearance, but the Eight Greats are based on the practice of cursive writing, not to mention that at that time, even if they are put into the present, it can be regarded as a stone breaking. The Eight Congresses are a professional calligrapher and painter who is not a professional calligrapher and painter, and the way to spend the summer is to keep creating, so it can be said that -
Qing Bada Shanren "Ann Wan" Jia Shu summer solstice
The Eight Great Mountain People of the Qing Dynasty,200 of the AnZhi Ti .b
The fourth is remuneration. The Book of Ann Wan was written by the Eighth Congress to a friend who "retired". The text reads: "Shaowen Fan is wandering, the figure is in the room, this Zhiye." The summer solstice of Jia Shu, Mr. Retired Weng belongs to the book. There has been controversy over who the "retirees" are, and there is currently no conclusive conclusion. Some people think it is Wang Shifeng, and some think it is Cheng Daoguang. From the jianzang seal on the paper, it can only be known that the "An Wan's Book" was once collected by Yuan Ming's younger brother Yuan Chunpu during the Qianlong period, and the process of retiring weng and his people and the flow of this post to the "Passing Cloud Building" is still unanswered. However, the Eighth National Congress has obviously been deeply in love with this and has repeatedly trekked to itself. Among the many masterpieces of the Bada Shanren, the "Annals of Ann Wan" is one of his outstanding works in his late period, with a total of 22 openings, and is currently in the collection of the Izumiya Hirokokan in Japan. The word "ann evening" is extremely leisurely and quite poetic. The so-called "peaceful night" means "to spend the old age in peace". The Bada Shan people take the allusion of the Southern Dynasty Emperor Bing's lying tour. Legend has it that Zong Bing traveled everywhere when he was young, and when he was older, it was inconvenient to play around, so he simply painted the mountains and rivers he had swam before into a picture and hung them on the four walls, creating another nature. The Bada Shan people have obvious intentions to emulate Zong Bing. Some people joke that "Ann Wan", if you are not careful, you may read "Good Night", the meaning of Chinese is broad and profound, a small change, I feel that the Eight Greats will become "Internet celebrities". Bada Shanren calligraphy was initially deeply influenced by Ouyang Inquiry, and later learned Dong Qichang's grass, and then turned to Huang Tingjian's exaggerated openness, etc., explored in many ways, and then traced the temperament of Wei and Jin calligraphy, and finally used the seal calligraphy brushwork to form a unique style, the center is round and gentle, the knot is thick and thick, and it is full of Jin popularity. In his later years, the Eight Greats liked to use bald pens, and once they became sharp and sharp, they became round and simple styles. In summary, the eight major calligraphy achievements are mainly changes in brushwork, with two outstanding features: one is "jane", although the pen is concise, it is heavy; the other is "circle", which has both the shape of the circle and the texture of the stroke.
Qing He Shaoji Shu Su Shi "HeZi You On the Book" and other miscellaneous poems Ding Wei summer solstice
Fifth, record the ancients. For a long time, contemporary writers have generally struggled with whether to transcribe ancient poems, and if they want to write their own poems but do not call, they can only be regarded as slipping or oiling poems. In fact, it is too concerned about the content and form of writing. Mi Fu had already said, "How can you arrange labor-intensive arrangements?" "Whether it's content or form, it's best to go with the flow. The ancients said that those who are good at writing do not choose a pen, and the paper is enough. Even a high-ranking talent such as Su Huang, when inspiration is not good, usually transcribes the poems of the ancients. He Shaoji copied Su Shi's miscellaneous poems such as "Hezi You", which were not randomly selected, and in his heart, there was a strong chongsu complex. In He Shaoji's life's poems, there are several poems that mention Su Shi, who are extremely admired and respected, such as "Meizhou Trial Courtyard Happy Rain Drunk The Next Day, Don't Go": "It is difficult for Sangxia Buddha to fall in love, and I live in Meizhou for ten days." High scenery of the three Su Temple, ancient shade of double cypress trees. "On the nineteenth day of the 19th month of the month, Ji Shouzhang recruited the same person bai Po Gong birthday has a poetic life rhyme" wrote: "Oh Gong Ben Xi Shu people, eunuch Zhou Zhou calendar southeast coast." The Haoran Qi blocked the universe, and the NingLao Ancestral Hall was ashamed and cold. Another sentence: "Po Weng and Fu Weng, don't have a cold and hot birthday." Fu poetry is vicissitudes, and Po poetry is exciting. "The rest of the matter is rotten, and the poetry is unique." Actually Huang and Su, far away from Li and Du. Po Gong is close to Taibai, Gong Hu Xiao Chenfu. Since I have gone to my father, who can be blamed. "To study He Shaoji's calligraphy, we must consider that starting from the influence of Song poetry on his thought, and then exploring He Shaoji's calligraphy concept and even the source of calligraphy aesthetic thought is a best entry point. Therefore, transcription is not mechanical transportation, but focuses on communicating with the minds of the ancients.
Qing Mo Youzhi 㩴精意意篆書聯五辰夏 solstice
Sixth, the union. This is undoubtedly an important project that tests the intelligence and talent of the bookmaker. Yang lian is the embodiment of the high condensation of Chinese character culture. In modern literature, poetry, prose, novels, drama, film and television, and literature are found all over the world, but Yanglian is a Specialty of China. There is a form of "collective association" in the yanglian, which extracts a number of words from the inscriptions of the past dynasties, and reorganizes the existing order, requiring compliance with the requirements of the couplet. It can be said that the collection is a form of "taking the ancient as the new", which can see the regenerative nature of Chinese culture. The scribe must be familiar with one or more of the inscriptions, and cut through each word in order to be handy. Although Mo Youzhi has no meritorious name, he cannot be underestimated in his learning, and is known as "Southwest Shuoru". "㩴精極微無文聚,胡道修德為学宗", a collection of letters, was written to "Lanpu". Checking the historical materials, among the contemporaries, there are The Qing Dynasty Guangdong seal book master Chen Feng character "Lanpu". Scholars with high comprehensive attainments like Mo Youzhi, when creating The Yang Lian, integrated the texts they studied into the lian, forming a collection of calligraphy and yang combined with the treasures, which added flowers and wonderful combinations.
Qing Liu Tingchen Thousand Miles Thousand Chapters couplet Xia Five
Liu Tingchen of the Qing Dynasty wrote the couplet "Ten Thousand Miles of Smoke and Waves, Thousand Chapters of Zi Zi Yin Yun Tian". Liu's calligraphy has a solid foundation, taking the families of the Second King of the Fa, Yan Zhenqing and Zhao Mengfu, and as a whole, it shows the "Pavilion Style" style that prevailed at that time, with a calm pen, full strokes, unified ink color, dark light, square and dignified knots, and the writing rhythm strives to be smooth and natural, not exciting. The word "Summer Five" in the paragraph is one waiting for five days after spring, a total of three waits, so it is called "Spring Three". After the summer solstice, the lunar calendar is five volts, a total of three volts, so it is also called "summer five". At the time of Zhang Xun's restoration, Liu Tingchen was keen to participate in the planning of the restoration of the Qing Dynasty and was appointed as a cabinet minister. He participated in the drafting of restoration articles such as the "Discussion on Yuan's Rebellion". After the failure of the restoration, he lived in seclusion in Qingdao and entertained himself with calligraphy and painting, and was one of the famous "Calligraphy Three Hanlins" in Qingdao at that time. Liu Tingchen was influenced by his father Liu Yunqiao and was good at writing cursive. He has made great contributions to the presidency of Peking University and is the first person to pioneer the teaching of sub-subjects in modern China.
Qing Zhang Zuyi Pro "Ceremonial Instrument Monument" Xin Ugly Summer Solstice
The seventh is pro-posting. The writer has a good mental state, and he must hurry up and seize it, and the opportunity must not be lost, and he will create a masterpiece, at least a work that he is satisfied with. But many times, there may not be any creative desire and passion, remember, scribbling is better than not writing, the post is the best way to convert, "behind closed doors", another way to dialogue with the ancients, not also fast. Zhang Zuyi's "Ceremonial Instrument Monument" fan surface is close to the original stele style, which is more spontaneous, and even the falling section is also flowing with clouds, which is different from what is usually seen. The whole passage exaggerates the closing pen angle, and there are many changes, which shows that Zhang's pen and ink kung fu is very skilled, especially rare.
Modern Zhang Binglin Seal Book Tao Yuanming "Drinking Xi Nong Go to Me For a Long Time" Jia Shu Summer Solstice
Eighth, study and study. The identity of the calligrapher, now collectively known as specialization and professionalization, of course, there are benefits, can be more persistent, but the drawbacks are becoming more and more obvious, for professional personnel, the knowledge is too narrow, calligraphy needs to be "general learning", for professional personnel, calligraphy has become a rice bowl, closely related to fame and fortune, and the mentality is easy to distort. The writers of the past, first of all, literati, may also be poets, and may even be scholars and philosophers. Zhang Binglin is a modern scholar who is famous for his seal books. This can be seen from his three seal works. The first was written on the summer solstice of 1921, and the content is Lu Qian's "New Inscribed And Missing Inscription Sequence": "Fu zitianguan, the moment of dusk is not divided, and when the calendar is clear, the degree of surplus and contraction is not accurate." 挈壶命氏, 遠哉義用。 The scenery is measured, the palace is set aside, and the well is guarded with water and fire, and the day and night are divided. And the officials who died in the past, the people of the domain were abolished. Meng Qi was destroyed, and there was no discipline in the regency. The section of Wei Hongzai's paging is relatively unknown; Huo Rong's division is detailed but not dense. The endowment of Lu Ji, the false grip of the spirit pearl; the ming of Sun Qi, the empty kunyu. Hongdu testament, inheriting the will of heaven, clothed in the square book, no apparatus. For example, Pi Chunhua, Tongfu Hai jujube. The second was written on the summer solstice of 1926, and the content is Wang Fu's "Floating Extravagant Chapters": "Emperor Xi Xiaowen bowed his clothes and wore leather belts." And now the beijing master noble relatives, clothes and diet, car public opinion Ludi, luxury over the royal system, solid is also very good. And his disciples and concubines, all dressed in the literary group caimu, brocade rust, ge zi shengyue, and the female cloth in the basket. Rhinoceros pearl jade, tiger tortoiseshell, stone mountain concealment, gold and silver staggered, poor and beautiful, turn to praise. His wife, the number of miles of the car, the lifting of the curtain, the riding of the slave servant, the clamp and the lead. The rich compete for it, and the poor shame them. The third was written on the summer solstice day of 1934, and the content is Tao Yuanming's "Drinking And Xi Nong Goes to Me For a Long Time": "Xi Nong has been going to me for a long time, and the whole world is rarely true." KiKuro, make it pure. Although the phoenix bird does not arrive, the liturgy is temporarily new. The curse sounded slightly, drifting to catch crazy Qin. What is the sin of the book of poetry? Dust. Gentlemen and gentlemen, sincere and attentive. How in the world, there is no one in six families. "The whole poem was not finished. Zhang's seal calligraphy is straight, the gesture is contained, the line is thin and energetic, the circle is smooth, the structure is rigorous and rounded and the real taste is obtained, the pen style is thick and simple, it can really be opened, it can be collected, and it becomes its own face, Sha Menghai once commented that the Zhang Taiyan seal book is "self-contained, yu Qian Taifu and Deng Zhibo are different disciplines", which is "a school of paleography". Therefore, there is actually no hard and fast rule on the content of the writing, it is indispensable, it is a bit monotonous to copy Tang poems in one color, and looking back at the history of calligraphy, it has been copied for many years. The problem is that when the copied poems are all familiar and the level of calligraphy is not good, it must be criticized by people, and it can only be said that the knowledge is too narrow. Zhang Binglin studied Chinese studies, and when he was excited, a certain piece of content became a creative work, and many seal characters were very cold. At this time, it is not only relying on pen and ink kung fu, but also cultivating knowledge.
In modern times, Wang Fu'an seal book banner "PuluGuan" Yihai summer solstice
Nine is a member. In the daily life of Chinese, three or five friends push cups to change cups, although you can relax in the hot summer, but replacing wine with tea and meeting with the same confidant is a good recipe for cooling off. As one of the founders of Xiling Printing Society, Wang Fu'an is famous and has a wide range of contacts, and it is inevitable that he will ask for help, and write the jai number "Pulu Hall" for friends, which is not only a social interaction, but also a spiritual exchange. Interestingly, the word "Pulu" has a deep meaning. In the twentieth chapter of the Zhongyong, Confucius once used the metaphor of "Pulu" as a government: "Humane minzheng, authentic minshu." Fu Zhengye, Pulu also. Therefore, for the government is in the people, take the people to the body, cultivate the body to the Tao, and cultivate the Tao to be benevolent. The question is, what exactly is "Pulu"? In the history of scripture, there have always been two interpretations of the term "Pulu" in the "Zhongyong": one is the "earth bee theory" of Zheng Xuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty; the other is the so-called "Puwei Theory", which began in Shen Kuo's "Mengxi Pen Talk" and appeared in Zhu Xi. Recently, there has been a view that it is more mellow to explain Pulu in terms of gourds. Whether Wang Fu'an wrote this or not is worth further exploring.
Contemporary Wu Yuru "Linjiang Immortal" Self-unitary summer solstice
Ten is a writing fan. Summer must be inseparable from the fan. Ordinary people are accustomed to using pu fans, and literati use folding fans. The fan of calligraphy and painting can not only fan the wind, but also appreciate, the real is the two sides of the light of practical art, pleasing to the eye, when the heart is relaxed, the breeze is gentle, the cheeks are windy, and the sweat is volatilized, which is rare and comfortable. Contemporary thesis scholar Wu Yuruo has a fan, written by Chen Youyi of the Song Dynasty "Linjiang Immortal": "Gao Yong Chu words reward noon, the order of the Tianya Festival is hurried." Durian flowers are not like dancing skirt red. No one knows this, and the song is full of curtains. Everything hurts and grows old, and Rong Kui smiles at the east of the wall. The depth of the wine glass was the same last year. Try to pour the bridge into the water, and go to Xiangzhong this evening. This is Chen Youyi's expression of patriotic feelings and sentiments during the Dragon Boat Festival when he hangs on Qu Yuan and when he is nostalgic. Shizhi thought that Wu Yuru was a calligrapher, but in fact, he was even more knowledgeable, and he had a deep knowledge of ancient texts, poetry, and writing. For Wu Yuru's research and excavation, it is far from enough, and his understanding and practice of the Second King have a place in the contemporary book world.
Of course, in addition to writing and writing poetry, you can also sit still, of course, you can also engrave. It is easier to sweat when writing with a printing pen. At the time of engraving, there is stone powder rising, so it is even more impossible to see the wind, and it is more endurance, because it is necessary to hold back, and eventually it is more fun. When the heat is unbearable, engraving the mark bare-chested is indeed a pleasure. If indians have not experienced it, life is bound to have some regrets. Book printing creation, brewing emotions, sitting in danger, concentrating on breath is naturally important, but it is only a state of life. People have seven emotions and six desires, and all kinds of tastes must be realized in order to feel the variety of life. Even the "Book Sage" of Eguan Bo Belt used to be open to the east bed, wasn't it? As long as it's natural and frank.
In modern times, Zhao Shuru 's uncle and uncle's uncle have grown up to the point of being
The engraving of "Uncle And Uncle Shangshu" by Zhao Shuru is a strong imitation of Zhao Zhiqian, and the style of the side font is also the same. The top paragraph reads: "This stone is warm and moist, the old pit is large and beautiful, and the three mountains of The Hundred Wende are plum branches in guli", and the satisfaction is overflowing with words. The side paragraph is very long: "I have been long to the last ten days, the clear window is fine, the cold plum is calyx, reading the bronze seal selection, a little understanding, do this by hand, and the real yu imitates the superior hanzhong also." Self-written in Min Yu Zhai. "Saying that learning Hanyin is actually to cover up the fact of learning Zhao Zhiqian."
Qiao Dazhuang Xuan Yin Lu Grew noon
In modern times, Qiao Dazhuang carved the "Xuan Yin Lu" side note: "Noon long summer, strong beating." This is for the "Haipai" Pan Boying. Qiao Dazhuang is a heavyweight in the "Yishan Sect". On the whole, Qiao Dazhuang seal carving does not take the rot as a thing, adhering to the aesthetic concept of Huang Shiling's seal carving work, and at the same time turning Huang Shiling's accidental Jin Wen all the way into his own style, there are not many examples that can be referred to, which is itself a move to avoid difficulties, and its deep learning is not repeated.
Spending the summer with the method of writing and engraving can be seen in the hearts of the literati and inherits them in the same vein. Because the writer practiced three volts in summer and three nine in winter, he was destined to sweat like rain in the summer. The acquisition of calligraphy creation experience, this accumulation process can not be omitted. Life requires a variety of experiences. If a book writer's life experience is monotonous, the style must be solidified. It boils down to common sense, sometimes it's a little hotter in the summer, and sometimes it's a little colder in the winter. During the summer solstice, the sun is abundant, the rain is abundant, the temperature is suitable, and everything grows. Green is the background color of nature, the four seasons rotate, the green is changeable, the spring green is astringent, the autumn green is mixed, the winter green is dull, and the summer green is the purest, the thickest and the most dazzling. The summer solstice is the beginning of summer, when the green is fuller and the layers are richer. May the hearts of all people dwell in green. For the experience of the four seasons of nature, when it comes to the essence, it is the experience of life. Cold and warm self-knowledge.
Editor-in-Charge: Li Mei