【Attention】A 2-year-old girl was bitten and seriously injured by a vicious dog! You need to know these things about the rabies vaccine!

Recently, Chongzhou, Sichuan

A 2-and-a-half-year-old girl was bitten by a strong dog in the community

Aroused attention, a number of related topics on the hot search

hitherto

The girl remains in a coma

In the anti-infective treatment phase

The girl is also being treated in the ICU

Ms. Deng, the girl's mother, revealed

The doctor said that the child had more wounds

High risk factor for infection

Not out of danger yet

In everyday life

Incidents of cats and dogs hurting people also occur from time to time

so

After being bitten or scratched by cats and dogs

Do I need to be vaccinated against rabies?

What are the symptoms of rabies and tetanus?

Let's take a look with Guangweijun

👇👇👇

01

When to get the rabies vaccine

Depending on the mode of exposure and the degree of exposure

Rabies exposure is divided into three levels

💡Grade I exposure

contact or feeding of animals, or licking of intact skin;

💡Grade II exposure

bare skin is lightly bitten, or minor scratches or abrasions without obvious bleeding;

💡Grade III exposure

Single or multiple penetrating skin bites or scratches, or licking of broken skin, or open wounds, mucous membranes contaminated with saliva or tissue, or direct contact with bats.

02

How to treat wounds after exposure

Focus: rinse first, then disinfect

The sooner the better!

💡Rinse:

• Rinse all bites and scratches alternately and thoroughly with soapy water (or other weak alkaline detergent, professional rinse solution) and running water at a certain pressure for about 15 minutes;

• The wound is then washed with saline;

• Finally, use sterile skim cotton to absorb the residual liquid at the wound to avoid leaving soapy water or detergent on the wound; When deep wounds are flushed, the inside of the wound can be perfused and rinsed with a syringe or special irrigation equipment to achieve comprehensive and thorough.

💡Disinfect:

After rinsing, rub the wound with diluted iodophor or other skin and mucous membrane disinfectants with virus inactivation effect (such as quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants, etc.); If there is a large number of broken wound tissue, it should be debridement first.

💡 Prevention of other infections:

Depending on the wound contamination or infection, antibiotics should be used appropriately to reduce infections other than rabies virus.

03

After the first exposure

What are the immunization procedures for the rabies vaccine?

Focus: The earlier the rabies vaccination after initial exposure, the better.

There are "five-needle method" and "four-needle method":

Note:

❀ If a needle is postponed, each subsequent dose should be postponed accordingly to ensure the time interval. There is no need to restart vaccination.

❀ Rabies vaccines do not conflict with other vaccines. Before, during, and after vaccination, other vaccines can be given normally (except for the new crown vaccine).

❀ Those who have been injected with rabies immune globulin need to postpone vaccination with other live attenuated vaccines.

❀ Injection site - 2 years and older, intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle of the upper arm; Infants under 2 years of age, intramuscular injection on the anterolateral thigh, avoiding buttock injection.

04

How to get the vaccine after being exposed again

Wound management:

Any exposure must be treated first, promptly and thoroughly.

Vaccinations:

1. If the re-injury occurs during immunization, the remaining doses should continue to be completed in accordance with the original immunization schedule;

2. If you are injured again within 3 months after full vaccination, you generally do not need to be vaccinated;

3. If you are injured again 3 months or more after full vaccination, you should receive 1 dose of rabies vaccine on the 0th and 3rd days, for a total of 2 doses.

Patients who are fully vaccinated against rabies according to the pre-exposure or post-exposure procedure, except for those who are severely immunocompromised, do not need to use passive immunoassays after exposure or reexposure.

Special attention is paid to tertiary exposure

When severely injured (grade III, or severely immunocompromised to grade II), in addition to the rabies vaccine, "rabies passive immunization preparations" are also given.

05

No injuries,

If you want to prevent it in advance, can you get vaccinated?

OK!

People at high risk of exposure to rabies. For example, laboratory staff engaged in rabies research, staff who come into contact with rabies patients, veterinarians, staff of animal shelters, researchers who come into contact with wild animals, hunters, etc. Pre-exposure immunization is also available to persons planning to travel to countries and regions at high risk of rabies epidemic. The basic immunization schedule is 1 dose of rabies vaccine on days 0, 7, 21 (or 28).

For those who continue to be exposed to rabies risk, after completing the full course of primary immunization, in the absence of animal injury, 1 dose after 1 year and 1 dose every 3 to 5 years thereafter.

Source: Morning News, CDC CDC Disease Control People, Shandong Disease Control, Shunde Disease Control, Health Shunde, etc

Editors: Cheng Huanying, Wen Jialin

Responsible editor: Chen Guangtai

Walk your dog civilly, please wear a leash for your dog!