1172 AD (the eighth year of the Southern Song Dynasty), a bleak autumn day. There was a drizzle in the sky, and before the sword gate of the Western Shu Pass closed, a tall and thin figure riding a donkey was coming. His eyes are confused, his expression is lonely, the gloomy weather, and the drifting rain seem to be the portrayal of his unopened and unyielding ambition in his life.
He stood for a long time in front of the Jianmen Gate, looking in the direction of Northwest Nanzheng (present-day Hanzhong, Shaanxi). It was the forward position of the anti-gold resistance, and also carried his ideals and glory, but he had to leave. The road ahead is vast, the wind and rain are like obscurity, and his life will be cut off from then on. ideals and ambitions, forever blocked from the vast mountains of the northwest; The indomitable soul, which has nowhere to speak of despair and sorrow, can only flow into poetry with blood and tears to accompany him for the rest of his life....
Dust and wine marks on clothes, traveling everywhere to kill the soul.
Is this fit for a poet? A drizzle rides a donkey into the sword gate.
——A light rain in the Jianmen Road
He didn't want to become a poet, he wanted to make meritorious achievements and be ashamed of the country, but under the dark sky of the Southern Song Dynasty, his ambitions were hard to pay, his hopes were dashed, and he had to become a poet, using his pen to pour out his pain and anger.
He, that is, Lu You!
When he was born on a boat on the Huai River with stormy seas, his father named him "swim", which means both internal and external cultivation, but his words became a saying, doomed him to a bumpy and fluttering life, with great ambitions and unfulfilled embraces; Love missed, regret for life, his heart, never really anchored.
First, the road is bumpy
Lu You was born in a well-known family in Jiangnan, with a prominent family, his father was an official in the imperial court for several generations, and the Lu family passed down poetry and books, and the family collection was the best in Jiangnan. Lu You's father and ancestor each had his own writings, established his words and virtues, and became famous for a while. From birth, Lu You was destined to be accompanied by poetry and fame.
But he coincided with the chaotic times, the Jin soldiers invaded, the country was destroyed, and he followed his father at a young age in the smoke of war and fled to the south. The shame of losing his country and the hatred of his family and country were deeply imprinted on his young heart.
In his youth and youth, the Southern Song Dynasty was still under the eyes of the golden people; Shrouded in a thick fog of lost land waiting to be restored, rivers and mountains waiting to be rectified, and shame waiting for snow. The peace of the imperial court, the humiliation of the peace, the resistance of the people, and the sighs of the aspirants, the sky of the Southern Song Dynasty has never been bright.
Lu You deeply felt the sorrow and indignation of the whole country, and the feelings of grievance but suppression, which burned into fire in his heart day by day, and he was determined to restore the Central Plains and wash away the national shame in the future.
But he didn't expect that his ideals would be so out of place. In the exam, he wrote hard, spoke generously, advocated for resistance to gold, and recovered the Central Plains.... But in the Southern Song Dynasty, where the lord led by Qin Hui and the surrendering faction were in power, Lu You's words were to subvert the dynasty, disrupt the country, and become a stinger in their eyes, so Lu You was named Sun Shan twice in a row.
In the twenty-third year of Shaoxing (1153 AD), Lu You took the Lock Hall Examination of Enyin for the third time. (that is, special examinations taken by the children of the great members and descendants of the clan family) The examiner this time was Chen Zhimao, who was strongly advocated for resisting the gold and was just righteous, and he was moved by Lu You's astonishing literary brilliance and patriotic sincerity. Ignoring the hint that Qin Hui, the only minister of the dynasty, had previously asked to take his grandson Qin Shen as the champion, he risked being deposed and removed from office, insisting on taking Lu You as the first place.
On the day of the list, Lu You burst into tears. Ten years of cold windows and three resumption tests, he finally got what he wanted and got ahead. The door to serve the country was finally opened to him; The desire to resist gold and snow shame seems to be getting closer and closer.
But what he waited for was a disappointment that made him fall into the abyss.
It turned out that Qin Huan, who was in power, was furious when he saw the list, and he couldn't tolerate someone ranking ahead of his grandson Qin Shen. Therefore, on the grounds of "joy to restore and encourage anti-gold", he crossed out Lu You's name from the list of the Ministry of Rites Hall Examination, and held the examiner Chen Zhimao responsible.
Lu You instantly fell from heaven to hell, and this time, he finally understood the darkness of the imperial court and the complexity of human nature, and felt the huge mountain shadow in front of the ideal. The resistance to gold did not begin, but it suffered setbacks one after another. In front of him, the cloud seals the fog lock. And he, 30 years old.
Second, miss true love
The third expedition failed. The blow to overland is enormous. He found a secluded place in Shaoxing Cloud Gate, read and practiced swords every day, and closed the door to customers. Frustrated and hopeless, he wanted to talk to someone who was deeply engraved in his soul, but who had long since left him to marry someone else's wife. To be precise, Lu You took her off, which became the deepest pain in his life.
Her name is Tang Wan, she is the daughter of Lu You's uncle and her mother's niece. Tang Wan not only has outstanding appearance, but also elegant and talented, and writes a good poem. The two married in the 14th year of Shaoxing (1144 AD), when Lu You was 20 years old and Tang Wan was 17 years old.
After marriage, the two fell in love, Qin Se and Ming. Because they share similar interests and have many talents, the two are not only husband and wife, but also soul confidants. Lu You felt the gift of heaven and pampered Tang Wan, and the two were like glue. Moment does not separate. It was probably the happiest time of Lu You's life.
But the lingering joy didn't last long. There are a pair of eyes not far away, already dissatisfied and hateful towards them, but they are immersed in the sweetness of love, but they are unaware. A ruthless stick is about to hit them separately.
It turned out that Lu You's mother saw that Lu You was obsessed with Tang Wan day by day, and the two liked to have fun and neglected their studies, and they forgot their reputations in the long run, and in the long run, Lu You was not hopeless and his future was ruined. What is the use of keeping such a daughter-in-law? So she poured out a wave of dissatisfaction and anger on Tang Wan, and the innocent Tang Wan became a red face in her eyes. He ordered Lu You to repudiate his wife and stay away from Tang Wan.
The mother's words are tantamount to a thunderbolt on a sunny day for Lu You, who is immersed in sweet love, how can the loving wife leave? How can a loved one be separated? But in the Song Dynasty, disobeying the orders of one's parents was unfilial piety, which would be shameful to others and unacceptable to the world, and could not gain a foothold in this society. Therefore, his mother's judgment on his fate was like a heavenly blade, and the cold was intimidating, ruthlessly cutting off his and Tang Wan's happy life.
This was the most painful moment in Lu You's life. He watched with tears in his eyes as Tang Wan was sent out of his house and left him forever. His soul had instantly been shattered, and one by one with Tang Wan and those good memories was gone, leaving behind pain and regret that he could not make up for in his life.
Soon, he married Wang Shi at the order of his mother, and Tang Wan also married Zhao Shicheng, a famous scholar in Yue Zhong. The two did not see each other for several years, but they became the most painful symbol in each other's hearts.
The scientific expedition failed, the fame was lost, the lover was gone, and there was no one to complain to. In addition to reading books and practicing swords, Lu You also walked around San'in in order to relieve his worries. On this day, he came to Shen Yuan and unexpectedly saw Tang Wan, who he thought about day and night, and even his liver was broken.
The two froze in place like an electric shock, and the old things of the previous love came to their hearts, and they stared at it for a long time and were relatively speechless. Tang Wan's husband Zhao Shicheng led Tang Wan to leave in a hurry after saluting Lu. Only Lu You was left to stay where he was.
But this sight made Lu You's heart, which was full of holes, broken again. Several scientific expeditions failed, but true love belongs to someone else. His lost soul seemed to have no one to rely on. The longing, love, and regret for Tang Wan accumulated in his heart for many years, like the tide of the Nu River, hit his fragile and helpless heart again and again, and he could no longer care about the rules of etiquette, honor and humiliation, and wrote a song "Phoenix with a Head" on the wall.
Red crispy hands, yellow wine, spring palace wall willows all over the city. The east wind is evil, and the joy is thin. A sad heart, a few years away. Wrong, wrong, wrong.
Spring is like old, people are empty and thin, and tear stains are red and silky. Peach blossom falls, idle pool pavilion. Although the mountain alliance is there, it is difficult to trust the brocade book. Mo, Mo, Mo!
His love for Tang Wan finally gushed out like a volcano, hearty and painful, and the words dripped with his blood and tears. With his love tragedy, Lu You has achieved the legend of love poetry.
According to legend, when Tang Wan visited Shen Garden again, she saw Lu You's words, her liver was broken and stimulated, and she couldn't afford to get sick after returning home, and died soon after. She was the one who loved Lu You the most, and the one who hurt the most, until she gave her life.
The power of love is great and tenacious. Lu You walked out of Shen Garden that day, but he never came out of Tang Wan's shadow in his life. Whenever he was frustrated and lonely again and again, he would think of Shen Yuan and Tang Wan... In his heart, Tang Wan was the only person in his heart that he could trust and rely on, but he was ruthlessly broken up and taken away by fate, and his soul had nowhere to rest, only endless cone pain accompanied Lu You's long life.
Third, the sea rises and falls
In the fifteenth year of Shaoxing (1125 AD), Lu You was already 34 years old, but he finally ushered in an opportunity, and Qin Huan, who advocated peace, died, and the main war faction began to gain the upper hand in the imperial court. A large number of suppressed and exiled main war faction members were appointed, and Lu You was also appointed as the chief of Ningde County in Fujian Province because of the recommendation of his teacher Zeng Ji. He finally achieved the first step of serving the country and began his career in the sea conscientiously. Two years later, due to his outstanding political achievements, Lu You was transferred to the capital as the official of the edict deletion, mainly responsible for revising the examination and approval of the decree. His career was smooth from the beginning, and his progress seemed to be just around the corner.
But his straightforward and pure personality and eagerness to serve the country made him do something in front of the emperor that seemed very out of line to others, which made his life fall into a trough again.
In the 31st year of Shaoxing (1161 AD), the Jin lord Yan Liang led an army to attack the Southern Song Dynasty in a big way, and frantically shouted for the destruction of the Southern Song Dynasty within a hundred days, which was a huge crisis, but in the eyes of Lu You, it was a good opportunity to resist Jin and serve the country. It is his duty to cross the border and kill the enemy in battle. He immediately sent a letter to ask Ying to go north, and Emperor Gaozong was moved by his anti-gold enthusiasm and immediately summoned him to summon.
Facing the emperor, the fire that had been hidden in Lu You's heart for many years instantly burst into flames. Maybe he held it for too long, maybe it was deep feelings, Lu You faced Emperor Gaozong's generous statement, so that tears flowed, and his determination to resist gold was overflowing. But in the eyes of Emperor Gaozong, Lu You, a petty official, not only failed to behave, but his grief and indignation seemed to be an accusation and irony of his unfavorable resistance to gold over the years. Emperor Gaozong was so angry that instead of sending Lu You to the anti-Jin front, he dismissed him.
Lu You's enthusiasm for serving the country was poured with cold water. Simple and pure, how could he expect the emperor's complicated mind? The ideal ambition was in front of him, but once again he missed it, and he could only wait.
In June of the 32nd year of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong of Song, who had reigned for 35 years and feared gold like a tiger, finally abdicated and Emperor Xiaozong of Song ascended the throne. He was determined to change the winds of surrender and peace that had pervaded the government and opposition for many years, and strongly advocated against Jin. He not only rehabilitated Yue Fei's father and son. Moreover, he vigorously promoted the main war faction, Lu You's "tear-splashed dragon bed", which was already famous, coupled with his good poetry, Xiaozong felt that talent was rare, and specially granted him a scholar background, and remained in the capital as a privy councillor.
In order to repay Emperor Xiaozong's kindness, Lu You actively planned for the anti-gold plan, knowing everything and saying everything. He advised Emperor Xiaozong to "rectify the rule of officials, strictly enforce military discipline, stabilize Jianghuai, and Xu Tu Zhongyuan." His sharpness aroused the dissatisfaction of the Lord and the Faction, and he was regarded as a thorn in their side. Finally, under their attack, Lu You was forced to leave the capital again and serve as the judge of Zhenjiang, but the Lord and the faction still did not intend to let him go. In the second year of Qiandao, Lu You was again deposed and returned home. At this time, he was 42 years old.
In the prime of life, there is no way to serve the country, Lu You's bitterness can be imagined, but he has been repeatedly belittled, and he has also accepted this reality safely, and once again silently waited in pain. But the imperial court seemed to have forgotten him, and there was no news of conscription for a long time. Life's most precious prime years are spent idly in the countryside. Wandering in the scenic countryside of Shanyin, he was sad and frustrated, feeling that the future was bleak, and he could only constantly inspire himself with "the mountains and rivers are exhausted, and there is no way out, and the willows are bright and bright" to motivate himself.
That's four years.
4. Hot-blooded military brigade
In the eight years of Qiandao, Lu You took the initiative to write to the imperial court and asked to hold an official position. Due to years of idleness, sitting on the mountain, and his life became increasingly embarrassing, the imperial court finally gave him a position of general judgment of the eighth grade, but the location was in the remote southwestern Cuizhou. San'in and Cuizhou are separated from east to west, thousands of miles away. He could only take his family up the Yangtze River and go to the southwest. The road ahead is vast, and he laughs at himself that "he walked Bashu in his old years and worked hard for fighting rice." But he did not know that the far west would have his magnificent ideals, and his life was about to reach the peak of his dreams.
Lu You's tenure in Cuizhou was as plain as water, with magnificent canyons and rushing Yangtze Rivers, but did not make waves in his heart.
But at this time, the distant Lin'an underwent great changes, and Yu Yunwen ascended to the post of Right Xiang. He is a full-fledged main war faction. As soon as he came to power, he actively prepared for war, from the Huai River in the east to the Dasanguan in the west, thousands of miles of border defense, war drums beating, shouts bursting, rearmament and war, ready to launch a counterattack against Jin. Therefore, when Lu You's term of office had expired and Lu You wrote to Yu Yunwen asking for help, he had heard of Lu You's name and decided to make the best of his talents, so he recommended him to the Nanzheng front to serve under Wang Yan, the envoy of Sichuan.
Lu You was overjoyed to receive this news, and he thought that he would never have the opportunity to kill the enemy and serve the country in his life. Day by day, he sighed, and now, the opportunity was in front of him, and he was about to fulfill his long-cherished wish for many years.
In Nanzheng, Lu You changed his previous loss and confusion, and he was in high spirits and full of ambition. Although he only served as a procuratorial judge in the office of the Sichuan Xuanfu envoy, he was equivalent to a military staff officer in charge of legal affairs. The official was humble, but he thought it was the most meaningful thing in his life. Although he is nearly half a hundred years old, he "talks about the old man and is crazy about youth", patrolling and practicing like young people, practicing horseback archery, fighting skills, and preparing to do a big job.
Lu You also stabbed a tiger to death with his own hands, and he was proud of it all his life.
Because the south and north of Zheng are close to the Qinling Mountains, there are often fierce beasts. Once when Lu You was leading a patrol, a long roar suddenly came from the grass, and a big tiger jumped out and roared at them. The soldiers were so frightened that they dodged everywhere, but Lu You was in danger, grabbed his spear and stabbed at the tiger. Because he had the intention of resisting gold and killing enemies since he was a child, he practiced martial arts and swords every day, without interruption, and he already had considerable strength, and this powerful shot actually pierced the belly of the tiger. The tiger was hit to the point, its power was broken by half, and when it struggled to pounce again, it was stabbed in the jaw by Lu You, fell to the ground and rolled, and all the soldiers rushed up and killed the tiger.
Cruising on the Qinling Ancient Road, overlooking the great rivers and mountains, patriotism and blood aspirations were born, and poems with courage and majesty blurted out. Many of his Biansai poems that were not inferior to Sheng Tang were all completed at this time. The fierce military years were not only the peak of his ideals in life, but also the pinnacle of his heroic poetry.
Gold slashed white jade, night through the window to bring out the light.
The husband has not yet made fifty achievements, and he carries a knife and cares for the eight wastes independently.
Jinghua befriended all the strange people, and lived and died together.
The thousand-year-old annals are shameless, and a piece of Dan Xin repays the Son of Heaven.
Er Lai from the military Tianhanbin, Nanshan Xiaoxue jade.
Alack!
Although the three families of Chu can die in Qin, there is no one in China!
- Jin Wrong Knife Line
"Lou Ship Snow Night Guazhou Ferry, Iron Horse Autumn Breeze Dispersed". On the anti-Jin front from east to west, a faction of people shouted with joy and enthusiasm for war, and only waited for the emperor's order, and then counterattacked the whole line, drove out the Jin people, and recovered Heshan.
But the emperors of the Southern Song Dynasty were accustomed to favoring the south of the Jiangsu Dynasty. Maybe it's a strong fear of the golden people, or maybe it's that the repeated defeats of the golden people make them lose all confidence. When Yu Yunwen's huge preparations for war were fruitful and the patriotic enthusiasm of the whole people was ignited, the emperor retreated, and he was even afraid that this move would make the Jin people misunderstand and angry, so he imitated his ancestor Zhao Zhi to self-destruct the Great Wall, dismissed Yu Yunwen from his post, and Wang Yan was also relieved of his military post and transferred back to the capital from the northwest to take up an idle post. The tense preparations at the front were lifted, and the Southern Song court once again lost the good situation of gold harvesting.
After Wang Yan left, his shogunate staff group was also disbanded, and Lu You's military service to the country became Nanke's dream again. At this time, he had only been in the army for eight months. The dream was shattered, so quickly, Lu You did not expect it.
5. Depressed ends
The failure of this gold harvest was a huge blow to Lu You. He not only sighed at the unpaid ambition, but also completely lost confidence in the Southern Song court, which was scrupulous and fearful of enemies. He is nearly 50 years old and may never have such an opportunity again. Is his life destined to serve the country without a way and great ambitions to be rewarded? Can we always live in a corner and ignore the loss of the country? Is he destined to be a poet in the future, and can only turn his sincerity into helpless shouts and sighs?
When he rode a donkey along the ancient Shu Road from Jianmen to Sichuan, he gushed out the sad voice of "What is the poet in this life, and the drizzle rides a donkey into the Jianmen".
After entering Shu, Lu You moved to Chengdu, Shuzhou, Jiazhou and other places, holding some unimportant official positions. His life went from peak to trough, and the shattering of ideals made him unable to find practical meaning. For those tedious and boring official affairs, he really can't lift his spirits. He could only linger in the Opera House Tavern, anesthetizing his aching heart.
"There is nothing to do with the cold official, and he has to wander idly every day" - climb the tower
"Xinglai bought all the Shiqiao wine, and the cart piled up long bottles" - Changge Xing
Lu You's unintentional affairs and wandering remains were finally impeached on the grounds that "the law is not formal, and the Yan drink is decadent." He was removed from his official position, and his rank was halved. He was too lazy to excuse, it didn't matter to him anymore. He was saddened by the despair of his homeland, the utter pain of being powerless, and no one would know or understand. He simply named himself "Fangwen". It means free debauchery, playing life. The Southern Song Dynasty court was content with the status quo from top to bottom, scrupulously stealing peace, ignoring the loss of the country, and the hatred of the family and country was shameless. I am "drunk all over the world, I wake up alone", but people speak softly and can't do anything. He could only indulge in wine and poetry in order to obtain temporary liberation. He decided to spend his whole life in Shudi like this.
But by this time, his poetry had become famous all over the world. Song Xiaozong was also moved by it when he saw it, and specially summoned him back to Chang'an to summon him. Chance and luck seemed to have come to him again, but he was still only pure and straightforward, still only talking about resisting Jin Fudi and hating the country, and Emperor Xiaozong was obviously not very satisfied, and only gave him a position as an official of Fujian Changping Chayan. Lu You was once again disappointed, and he had no choice but to survive two years before asking for his deposition and return home.
Since then, he has become a poet through and through, his ideals and ambitions have been ethereal and distant, but the broken mountains and rivers, the shame of his home and country still weigh on his heart like a mountain. And all this can only turn into disappointment and sadness, sadness and blood and tears pouring from his pen and leaping into poetry.
The lonely zombie village does not mourn, and Shang Si is the national shu wheel.
Lying down at night listening to the wind and rain, the iron horse glacier fell asleep.
- November 4 was a stormy day
The heart is still there, the dream is far away, and the passion in his heart is still like a raging tsunami and a violent storm, but it has not made a single wave in the real world. His tragic military poems were incompatible with that era, when there were a group of people like Lu You, with big ambitions, sincere patriotism, and wanted to restore the shame of the country and snow, but they were born at an opportune time, squeezed by the times, and achieved nothing in their lives. They failed to be extremely powerful ministers and save the world, leaving only empty poetry names. Perhaps they did not expect that poetry is also a sharp weapon, ruthlessly piercing the darkness of that era, and poetry is also an immortal monument, engraved with their spirit and spirit, forever.
In the last two days of the lunar month in the second year of Jiading (1209 AD), the 85-year-old Lu You did not wait for the next New Year, just as he did not wait for the day when he regained the lost land and reorganized the rivers and mountains in his life, he could only leave a lifetime of regrets to his descendants and thousands of people in future generations.
Shi'er
The dead Yuan knows that everything is empty, but sadness does not see Kyushu Tong.
Wang Shi Bei fixed the day of the Central Plains, and the family sacrifice did not forget to tell Na Weng.
He had no intention of becoming a poet, but with his fierce loyalty, he wept blood into countless tragic poems, nearly 10,000 of which have been handed down to future generations, making him the person who left the most poems in history.
Is this his misfortune, or his luck!