Understand the oral health care knowledge, attitude level and oral health care behavior formation and influencing factors of college students, design health intervention programs based on WeChat health communication and carry out oral health intervention for college freshmen, compare the traditional school health education and health intervention forms based on WeChat health communication, and have an impact on the oral health care awareness and behavior of college freshmen, so as to provide reference and reference for future school health education and health intervention.
First, the importance of oral health
Oral cavity is an important part of human tissue, oral diseases can directly or indirectly affect the whole body health of the human body, thereby affecting the quality of life, and oral health as an important part of the whole body health, is a reliable indicator to evaluate physical health, but also an important symbol of social civilization progress. In 1981, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed that oral health standards are "clean teeth, no cavities, no pain, normal gum color, no bleeding", in addition, WHO also listed dental caries as one of the three common diseases that cause serious harm to human health.
For a long time, various oral diseases have shown a high incidence and prevalence rate among the mainland population, and have become one of the major public health problems facing the mainland. With the development of social economy and the improvement of residents' living standards, oral health problems have become more prominent, and people's attention to oral health has also increased. In 2012, the mainland has included the prevention of oral diseases in the scope of prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.
Since the beginning of the 80s, the mainland has carried out three national oral health epidemiological surveys, of which the third national oral health epidemiological survey in 2005 showed that the prevalence of dental caries in middle-aged people aged 35~44 in mainland China was 88.1%, and the prevalence of dental caries in the elderly was as high as 98.4%, and 70%~90% of people suffering from caries did not take effective treatment measures. In 2015, the fourth national epidemiological survey of oral health in mainland China was successfully launched, which will provide data for understanding the latest information on the oral health status of mainland residents and provide a basis for the national public policy on the prevention and treatment of oral diseases.
Second, the current situation of oral health care awareness and behavior of college students
The age of college students is generally 17~24 years old, and they are in the high incidence stage of oral diseases such as caries and periodontal disease. The survey shows that the prevalence of caries in many college students is between 34% ~ 56%, and the prevalence of gingivitis is between 62% ~ 64%, which shows that the oral health of college students is not optimistic, and there is a big gap compared with Western countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States.
At present, many relevant surveys still have insufficient understanding of the importance of oral health among mainland college students, superficial understanding of oral health care knowledge, relatively single ways to obtain oral health care knowledge, lack of oral health care concepts of early prevention and early treatment, and very weak awareness of medical treatment.
In the survey and analysis of college students' oral hygiene and medical needs, it is also found that the oral health status of college students is not optimistic, and the medical attendance rate is low, and their oral health care awareness and medical awareness need to be improved. Having correct oral health care knowledge is the premise of developing good oral health care behavior habits, and college students' weak oral health care awareness often leads to wrong oral health habits, which can cause various oral diseases and endanger physical health.
Many oral diseases are bound to affect the overall health of college students, thus bringing many adverse effects to the normal study and life of college students, therefore, we must pay attention to the prevention and treatment of dental diseases and oral health education of college students, improve the oral health awareness of college students, cultivate good oral health behavior habits, and improve the oral health of college students.
Third, the health communication function of mobile WeChat
Health communication refers to the use of various vectors and methods to help people correctly understand and prevent infectious diseases, establish correct awareness of preventive health care, and reduce or eliminate risk factors affecting health.
The emergence of the Internet has brought new development space for health communication, with the modern society people's demand for health is becoming more and more urgent, traditional media, new media are making unremitting efforts in health communication, mobile WeChat as a new thing, as soon as it appears, it shows its unique advantages in health communication.
With the wide use of WeChat, it has gradually shown its own characteristics and advantages in the field of health communication: WeChat has the characteristics of active choice and interactivity, which can integrate interpersonal communication, group communication and mass communication, improve public trust, and enhance young people's attention to health.
At present, WeChat mainly carries out health communication through WeChat public accounts (including subscription accounts and service accounts). WeChat can actively push health information to users, the public can also extract the health information they want to know on the WeChat platform by specifying keywords, in addition, the official account can provide users with one-on-one dialogue answer services for users' special questions.
The use of mobile WeChat for health communication was explored, and it was proposed that mobile WeChat has the basis for health communication trust, interaction between the two sides, implementation and ensuring effect. The characteristics and applications of health communication in the WeChat era were discussed, and the ways of using mobile WeChat for health communication were pointed out.
It mainly includes the dissemination of health-related knowledge and information, discussion of health-related topics, health-related social activities, medical consultation and registration services, etc. Health communication is an important means and strategy of health education and health promotion, and health education and health promotion are important contents of health intervention.
Domestic WeChat marketing consumers recognize and accept, believe that WeChat provides a popular way to strengthen the communication between enterprises and consumers, and is conducive to establishing a certain brand loyalty, thereby promoting the establishment of corporate brands and product promotion.
Then, in the field of health intervention, mobile WeChat can also provide a flexible and convenient information exchange platform between health intervention implementers and intervention objects, and promote the dissemination of health information. Health communication through WeChat can effectively convey health-related knowledge that influences changes in people's attitudes and behaviors.
Let the recipient know the health information, generate health belief recognition, and then change the attitude, change the behavior that endangers health, and ultimately achieve the purpose of preventing diseases and improving the quality of life and health of the people.
Fourth, the use of mobile WeChat for health intervention
The specific ways to carry out health intervention based on WeChat health communication are as follows:
1. Add health intervention targets as WeChat friends to provide one-on-one health consultation services. After the health intervention implementer adds the intervention object as a WeChat friend, he can have WeChat private chat with the intervention target without disturbing the normal life of the intervention subject, and provide personalized health consulting services one-on-one, so as to carry out health intervention and health education anytime, anywhere.
2. Establish WeChat groups according to the different characteristics of management objects, and conduct group chats, discussions and lectures through WeChat groups to improve the flexibility and efficiency of health intervention. Health interventionists can establish different WeChat groups according to the actual situation for different characteristics of management objects, and the establishment of WeChat groups breaks through the limitations of time and space, making various work more flexible and efficient.
3. Establish a mobile WeChat public account, build a health information platform, and push health information. The mobile WeChat public platform can send text, voice, pictures and videos and other information to specific target groups, and health intervention personnel can design and edit health information through the mobile WeChat public platform and push it regularly.
For example, health-related activity notices, policy documents, health examination notices, physical examination result reports, health risk factor assessment reports, as well as health-related network hot spots, knowledge and skills, warm tips, etc., health interventionists can also set keyword auto-reply functions, that is, set health-related issues that the target group may be concerned about in advance in the platform system.
When the intervention target enters keywords, the system will automatically feedback relevant information and answers to the intervention target, and the health interventionist can also summarize the health problems of the target population through the system, and provide one-on-one consultation and answer services when necessary. In short, health interventionists should build the mobile WeChat public account into a relaxed, equal, contentful, and diverse health information exchange platform.
4. When health intervention personnel carry out health intervention and education of intervention targets through WeChat, they should pay attention to observing the status of the intervention target's circle of friends, fully understand their health-related life and psychology, and timely discover and check unstable factors.
By observing the circle of friends, we can better understand the real or unknown side of the intervention object, which is conducive to the comprehensive control and evaluation of the health-related behavior of the intervention object, and timely take effective measures to communicate and guide the intervention target individually for special problems, so as to achieve more humane health intervention and improve the intervention effect.
V. The feasibility of using mobile WeChat for oral health intervention of college students
Oral health intervention and education is an important part of the whole body health education, is an important method to prevent and control oral diseases, it is to increase the oral health care knowledge of the target population through education and other ways, and deepen the credibility of oral health care knowledge through repeated intensive education.
The ultimate goal is to encourage people to establish a correct concept of oral health through the dissemination of oral health knowledge and technology, take the initiative to adopt behaviors conducive to oral health, and maintain oral health for life.
There are many factors that endanger oral health, and oral problems can also endanger a wide range of people, so oral health intervention and education is not a short, one-time work, but needs to be carried out continuously and repeatedly.
Schools are ideal places for health interventions and health education with the best effect and timing, and the model of oral health education mediated by teachers and schools is more conducive to the dissemination of knowledge. As a young group that is easy to organize and manage, college students have a high level of education and a strong ability to accept new things.
Good at updating concepts, it is a good target for health education and health intervention. The integration of oral health education with school curriculum can significantly improve students' oral health knowledge and cognitive level, and experiments in China have shown that oral health intervention and education at the university level can effectively improve the oral health status of college students.
Oral health intervention and education can promote students' acquisition of oral health knowledge, change misconceptions of oral health, and improve students' oral self-care ability, thereby laying a solid foundation for maintaining lifelong oral health.
Therefore, colleges and universities should pay attention to students' oral health problems, carry out various forms of oral health intervention and health education, give full play to the functional characteristics of the Internet and various new media, mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of college students in oral health care, improve oral health awareness, and ultimately achieve the purpose of improving the health level and learning and quality of life of college students.
epilogue
With the rapid development of Internet technology and the widespread use of social networks, mobile WeChat is more and more favored by the public, college students, as a young group at the forefront of high-tech and the trend of the times, is one of the main bodies of mobile WeChat, and has become an important means for colleges and universities to carry out college student education management, ideological and political education and mental health education.
The health communication function of mobile WeChat and its characteristics of easy carrying, simple use, low capital, and no time and space restrictions make it possible to apply it to health intervention.