In the mid-8th century AD, a long civil war broke out within Christianity, in which a war took place between the Papal States and the secular rulers of the city of Rome, known as the Holy War.
In this war, the secular rulers of the city of Rome played a large role on the battlefield because they were supported by the Papal States. But in the war, they were also beaten to pieces by the knights and Roman soldiers of the city of Rome, and suffered heavy casualties.
The cause of this war was the treaty signed between the city of Rome and the Kingdom of Capitol in 703 AD, according to which the Macedonian kingdom was required to provide Rome with a certain amount of money and food every year.
However, this treaty was not recognized by the people of Rome, so a war broke out between the city of Rome and the Papal States.
The result of this war was the defeat of the Papal States, but the reason for the defeat was not because they were defeated, but because the city of Rome suffered heavy losses in this war.
The cause of the holy war
From the mid-8th century to the 10th century, relations between the city of Rome and Capitol gradually deteriorated, and the rulers of the city fought several more wars during this period, each with heavy losses.
In this case, the rulers of the city of Rome hoped to ease their conflict with the Capitol state through diplomatic means, but the Papal States did not agree to do so. They believed that the rulers of the city of Rome needed to assert their power by force. Thus, a war began between the two sides that lasted for more than a decade.
In this war, the rulers of the city of Rome also suffered heavy losses, and they also lost a lot of territory. In addition, the war brought great losses to the city of Rome. The Papal States also suffered many losses as a result.
However, although the city of Rome suffered great losses in this war, this does not mean that war will not break out between the city of Rome and the Papal States.
The help of the city of Rome to the people of the city of Rome
In the war between the city of Rome and Macedonia, the city of Rome helped them a lot, because in the treaty signed between the city of Rome and the Kingdom of Capitore, the Kingdom of Macedonia was required to provide the city of Rome with a certain amount of money and grain every year.
But the Kingdom of Macedonia at that time was not the same Macedonia it used to be, and during the reign of the Kingdom of Macedonia, they launched a war of aggression against Western Christianity, so after signing a treaty with the city of Rome, they lost their aid to the city of Rome.
So in the war, the city of Rome suffered heavy losses, and they had to deal not only with the army of the Papal States, but also with the attack of the armies of the Kingdom of Macedonia and the Kingdom of Capitol.
Although the Kingdom of Capitol also provided a certain amount of money and food to the city of Rome at that time, they were also a disadvantage in the war, because at that time there was a treaty between the Kingdom of Capitol and the Papal States, and if the city of Rome went to war with the Kingdom of Macedonia, then the Kingdom of Capitol would choose to side with the Papal States.
So in the war, the city of Rome could only rely on its own strength to deal with the Papal States.
The attack of the people of the Roman city on the Kingdom of Capitol
In 703, the knights of the city of Rome attacked the kingdom of Capitol, and the commander of the Macedonian army led troops to fight the Roman army on the battlefield.
Due to the relatively small number of Macedonian troops, the Roman army successfully surrounded the Macedonian army and annihilated them all. In 704, the city of Rome attacked the kingdom of Capitol, and this battle was successful.
Between 704 and 710, the Roman city attacked the Capitol kingdom very frequently, launching four attacks. However, due to the relatively scattered forces of King Capitol at that time, not much results were achieved.
In these four attacks, the Roman citymen succeeded in annihilating all the armies of the Kingdom of Capitol and completely crushing the army of the Kingdom of Capitol.
The performance of the Kingdom of Capitol in the war
In 704, the city of Rome and the Kingdom of Capitol signed a treaty in which the city of Rome provided a certain amount of money and food to the Kingdom of Capitol every year.
This treaty is considered to have been the trigger for the Holy War, because the city of Rome was required to provide a certain amount of money and food to the Kingdom of Capitol every year, and if the treaty was not recognized by the people of the city of Rome, then the treaty could not be enforced.
In order to be able to obtain the support of the city of Rome, the kingdom of Capitol began to make a big fuss on the battlefield, on the one hand, they let their soldiers participate in the war, and on the other hand, they sold large amounts of food and money to the people of Rome.
Although Capitol's approach caused great losses to the city of Rome, they succeeded in winning the support of the city of Rome. In this way, the Capitol Kingdom began their performance on the battlefield, and in the end they were victorious.
The end of the war
In this war, the city of Rome suffered heavy losses, and many Romans were killed by the knights of the city of Rome. In this war, the Macedonian army also suffered great losses, and many soldiers and warriors were killed by the army of the Macedonian king.
Since the losses of the army of the city of Rome were too great, the king of the Kingdom of Macedonia decided to use his military power to stop the city of Rome.
In 704, King Philip I of Macedon led his army into the city of Rome. Philip I, after entering the city of Rome, threatened the rulers of Rome with his force. If they did not surrender, the Macedonians would have mercilessly killed these Roman rulers.
At that time, in 704 AD, Philip I made a condition to the Papal States: he wanted to exchange one gold coin a year for his dominion in Italy.
After Philip I made this request, the Papal States rejected him, and the Papal States agreed to Philip I's request. But at the same time he also asked the city of Rome to cede control over the rest of the Macedonian kingdom. In this way, the two sides reached an agreement.
The support of the city of Rome to the Macedonian army
In the Third Holy War, the city of Rome was the biggest winner, because the city of Rome was supported by the Papal States in this war and thus won the war.
But the victory of Rome did not mean that they would have long-term control over the rest of Italy. Because the city of Rome was not without enemies, such as the kingdom of Antium, he always wanted to replace the city of Rome as the ruler of Italy.
In the Third Holy War, the conflict between the city of Rome and the Kingdom of Antium increased, so the Kingdom of Antium sent an army to invade the city of Rome. In this invasion, the kingdom of Antium occupied the northern part of the city of Rome, which put the city at a great disadvantage.
Not only that, but the people of Rome also wanted to weaken the kingdom of Antiom through war with the Papal States. In this situation, the people of the Roman city also began to actively support the Kingdom of Antium, because they needed to weaken the Kingdom of Antium through war.
But these are secondary issues, and victory in the war is the most important issue. And for the people of Rome, they won by war.
epilogue
In the mid-8th century AD, the Holy War broke out between the city of Rome and the Papal States, which lasted a long time until 862 AD
Come to an end. The war was caused by the rulers of the city of Rome, believing that the money and food provided by the Kingdom of Capitol were not enough to cover their own expenses, so they signed a treaty with the Kingdom of Capitol in 703.
In this war, the city of Rome suffered heavy losses, and the army of the city of Rome suffered more than 100,000 casualties. At the same time, the city of Rome also suffered great losses, and the castle and other buildings they built were almost destroyed.
Although the Kingdom of Macedonia also participated in this war, they did not play a great role. The losses of the city of Rome and the people of the city of Rome exceeded the losses of the Macedonian kingdom, so the war was not lost because the Macedonian kingdom did not participate in the war.
Of course, there were many reasons for the defeat of this war, such as the Macedonian kingdom itself, the lack of cooperation between the rulers of the Roman city and the people of the Roman city, etc. In short, the war was not lost because the Macedonian kingdom entered the war, but because the city of Rome suffered heavy losses.