Speaking of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the whole world now generally recognizes Japan as an aggressor and has caused irreparable harm to China.
However, there is also a saying in Western academic circles, that is, the War of Resistance Against Japan is a crime of militarism, and the civilians of Japan are actually innocent, they are suffering like China's suffering compatriots, and they should empathize with each other.
For this view, in some historical details, it is always difficult to convince - especially on the issue of Japanese immigration, I am afraid that the Chinese people will have different views on the "innocence" and "empathy" of Japanese immigrants.
But in the end, 2 million Japanese still immigrated to the northeast, so why has there never been a "Japanese ethnic group" in China? To understand why, we have to reveal how Japanese immigrants came in history...
I. Japan's immigration plan predates the "918 incident"
On the issue of Japanese immigration, according to Japanese records: in 1931 they launched a war of aggression against China, and in 1936 they promulgated the "Manchurian Agricultural Immigration One Million Household Resettlement Plan", preparing to realize the million immigration plan in four phases.
However, according to more scholars' research, Japan's immigration plan actually began earlier, and the plan also involved the "918 Incident" of that year.
In June 1908, Goto Shinpei, the first president of Manchuria Railway, appealed to the Japanese cabinet that immigration to the mainland of Manchuria should be at least 500,000 for the next 10 years, and more than 1 million if possible.
Under the strong call of this policy, a large number of Japanese crossed the sea to the northeast.
- For example, a Japanese officer named Yasumasa Fukushima, in 1912 he and some people began building houses in the wasteland outside the village, and two years later they built a village.
Since then, more and more Japanese have entered Chinese territory and more and more Japanese villages have been established, which has also caused conflicts between Japanese immigrants and local Chinese.
However, under the strong intervention of the Japanese government, Japanese immigrants continue to flow. Later, over time, Japanese immigrants took root in Tohoku, and their status became more and more important...
At first, they were under pressure to evacuate the domestic population, but with the rise of militarism, they have become the "fourth service" after the three branches of the army, navy and air force in Teng Xinping's mouth.
He even lamented: "Over the years, a large number of people were able to emigrate, and Manchuria became de facto imperial territory." Through these historical materials, it can be proved that Japan's immigration policy has become a means of Japanese colonial aggression.
Relying on these immigrants, the Japanese better carried out the survey of China's territory, collected Chinese intelligence, and finally brewed the famous "918 Incident", and Japan's invasion of China officially began.
2. Japanese immigrants above native northeasterners
As the Japanese tore their faces, northeast China has become a Japanese colony.
As mentioned above, in 1936, the Japanese formulated an immigration plan, to immigrate 1 million households and 5 million people to northeast China, so that 1/10 of the 50 million northeast population at that time were Japanese.
In this way, the Yamato nation could become the core force leading the concord of the five ethnic groups in Manchukuo.
Of course, we also admit that many of the Japanese who came to Tohoku to pioneer were people living in poverty, and some even came to Tohoku to escape participation in wars of aggression.
However, in subsequent history, these Japanese immigrants, consciously or unconsciously, became the culprits of evil riding on the heads of Chinese people.
Take Yuriko Mizuno in Kyoto as an example, she is a child of an ordinary poor family, she dropped out of school at the age of 13 to start working, and later married early, her husband worked as a worker in a textile factory, and she could only do odd jobs, and her life was very difficult.
According to her recollections, because of the years of war, there was no food in the country, and at that time, the food ration per person was only enough to eat two meals per day.
Later, in order to survive, she believed that the Chinese land propagated by the Kwantung Army was so fertile that she could harvest a lot of grain without using manure at all.
So, in 1942, Yuriko Mizuno and her husband brought their two daughters and more than 20 farmers to the Tiantian Pioneer Group in Yilan County, Heilongjiang Province, and started a new life.
When she came to Heilongjiang, her life changed, and each family was given a new house and land, and although she did not know how to cultivate here, she still had enough rice and fine cotton cloth.
Yuriko Mizuno happily recalled: "When we came to China from Japan, we not only had a full stomach, but also became human. ”
But what are the forces that make a downtrodden Japanese family come to China and become a human being?
- The answer is the exploitation and exploitation of local Chinese.
Third, Japan's oppression of Northeasterners and support for immigrants
As time passed, Yuriko Mizuno began to contact the Chinese around her, and she saw a cruel scene.
That is: where did the house come from? When I inquired, I realized that it was all covered with blood and sweat Chinese. The oily and black dry and paddy fields that we were allocated turned out to be Chinese land because we came and swept them away. Chinese wore a sacker-like cloth and was not allowed to eat a grain of rice.
Yuriko Mizuno is a sympathetic Japanese immigrant who Chinese, but she still invisibly oppresses countless Chinese, causing them to be displaced and even starve to death on the streets.
And what about the Japanese who enjoy it all and think that it should be so? There is no doubt that these people have caused more damage to Chinese.
According to the records, after the arrival of the Japanese pioneer group, the Japanese army launched a crazy enclosure campaign, and the Japanese authorities forcibly purchased it at an extremely low price of 1~40 yuan per square meter of counterfeit coins.
As for the houses, they were all confiscated and distributed to the Japanese pioneers without compensation.
What is even more poignant is that when Chinese people lost their land and real estate, they were forced to work hungry to build houses for Japanese immigrants who did not have houses.
Some Japanese have retorted that China's historical data is exaggerated.
But the Japanese themselves also truthfully recorded the tragedy of that year, and a man named Moto-Goto Zo wrote a "Record of the Refugees of the Manchu-Mongolian Pioneer Group", which clearly recorded that their land was plundered from the hands of Chinese and Koreans.
Moreover, he also emphasized: During the puppet Manchukuo, in addition to the land occupied by landlords and rich peasants, Mantuo also occupied 8,485 acres of land in Manchukuo, and 19,255 acres of land occupied by the Japanese immigration pioneer group. Among them, 2,539 acres of cultivated land are cooked, and Mantuo and the Japanese pioneer group account for more than 30% of the total cultivated land area in the county.
With land and houses, the Japanese immigrants' lives improved, but this was only the tip of the iceberg of their "good life" - because the Kwantung military government had arranged for their future.
At that time, in order to avoid the revolt of Chinese peasants who lost their land, and to free the hands of the Japanese people who could not farm, they "showed great mercy" and allowed Chinese peasants to rent the cultivated land of the pioneer group.
As a result, Chinese peasants had to bend down to work on their own land, and their hard work could only receive rations, not a penny of wages.
In order to survive, they had to nod and bow to the adherents of Japanese society who had deprived them of their land, and even recognized them as "masters".
Of course, the Japanese government's policies are also "flexible", for example, they also pointed out another way out for Chinese - that is, let Chinese go to the hillside to clear the land.
Clearing land seems to be better than "being a serf", but the Japanese government has imposed additional conditions.
-- Every person must pay one to two stone of land rent to the pioneer group, and also have to do "intimate regulations" for the pioneer group to do volunteer work. As a result, the Chinese peasants who cleared the land could only barely meet the problem of food and clothing, and the slightest slackening risked starvation.
As they all lived well and enjoyed the pleasure of enslaving the people of other countries, more and more Japanese immigrants began to change their mentality, no longer sympathizing with the same low-level Chinese as they did, and began to be willing to serve the Empire of Japan.
As a result, this group of Japanese pioneer group members were also like the immigrants before the 918 incident, they served the Kwantung Army, and even consciously turned themselves into a militarized organization.
According to Japan's official records: the Japanese Immigration Pioneer Regiment has its own armed forces, the regiment commander is the highest ranking soldier in the township after retirement, and the immigrants of the pioneer regiment, regardless of gender, old and young, are organized according to the army, equipped with various weapons and ammunition.
They usually farm and train ...
The reason why he is so diligent is to strictly control the Chinese people in the region and cut off the ties between the people and the anti-Japanese coalition army.
4. Japan immigrant "latter-day days"
When scholars studied the tragedy of the Northeast Resistance Federation, we saw a phenomenon: the people did not dare to easily support the Northeast Resistance Federation.
The reason for this was not because of fear of the Japanese army, but because of the surveillance of the Chinese by these Japanese immigrants, which led to the killing of a large number of enthusiastic people and unimaginable blows to their families.
It is a kind of luck for them to even be alive, and where can they have the strength to support the Anti-Alliance?
According to Xu Ku of Chengxi Village, Tonghe Town, in 1945, because he harvested the tomala grass in the Japanese desert site, he was shot by the immigrants of the Japanese pioneer group with a crooked machine gun, and was scared into a disability, and he could not recover for the rest of his life.
According to the recollections of eyewitness Zhou Li of Fuxiang Democratic Village: After Japan's surrender in August 1945, groups of Chinese laborers returned home from Xiajiang along the official road through the Tonghe River, but were fired by the Japanese pioneer regiment with crooked machine guns and rifles, killing more than 100 people and burying their bodies in place.
According to local statistics, hundreds of Chinese in Tonghe County alone were killed by Japanese pioneers.
And seeing this phenomenon, even Yuriko Mizuno, who has been honest and kind all her life, only sighed: where is this to help China's development, it is purely a barbaric plunder to sit and enjoy its success. We fear that such days will not last long.
——Please note that she cares more about such a good life will not last, even if she sympathizes with the Chinese people who were killed, pity the tormented Chinese...
In addition, the Japanese and the pioneer regiment achieved major victories in northeast China through various acts of violence, and the prospects for resisting Japan were not optimistic.
Stimulated by this phenomenon, Japan increased its immigration efforts, and about 2 million Japanese came to China's territory, becoming the so-called human beings.
With the crazy influx of Japanese, the situation of the Chinese became more difficult, and the anti-Japanese resistance in the northeast was completely in a desperate situation.
However, the Japanese clearly underestimated the resilience of the Chinese nation.
Although they stabilized their position in the northeast, the subsequent rise of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, the inability of the Japanese army in the south to occupy the ruling area, and the boundless people's war completely crushed their logistics ...
As the war continued, the Japanese army could not obtain enough food and seeds in China and had to rely on Tohoku and domestic support.
As a result, the Kwantung Army, which had previously treated Japanese immigrants with unlimited privileges, also began to go crazy, not only oppressing Chinese people, but also beginning to exploit these Japanese immigrants unscrupulously.
More and more Japanese immigrants were forcibly pulled to the front, and they were also forced to the point of bankruptcy by endless expropriations by the Japanese authorities.
At this time, Japanese immigrants also began to reflect on the war and complain about the evil of militarism, but it was too late, because Chinese had risen and the War of Resistance Against Japan had come to an end.
V. The fate of Japanese immigrants after the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan
Everyone knows the history after that, the Japanese were gradually crushed with the cooperation of the Nationalists and the Communist Party, and the Soviet army was preparing to enter the northeast.
At this time, the Japanese pioneer regiment had no more prime-aged men, only the old, weak, sick, disabled, women and children, and when the Soviet army entered the war, these old people also participated in the combat units until they were defeated and captured...
In 1945, Japan officially surrendered and the war of aggression against China ended.
At this moment of victory, all the Chinese people cheered infinitely that the Chinese nation survived.
The counterpart to Chinese is the Japanese immigrants who cannot live forever.
In the face of a large number of retreating Japanese troops, the commander of the pioneer regiment had begged to leave a force to protect women and children, but the Japanese commander replied that he had not received orders to protect the pioneer regiment.
Because they oppressed the Chinese together with the Kwantung Army in peacetime, they were afraid of retaliation by the Chinese, so the commander of the pioneer regiment ordered: everyone cut themselves. He then ordered everyone to sit around and have several men machine gun fire at the crowd.
Some men shot themselves after killing their families, while others were chased to death by men in pain and screams. Of course, there may be some who have their own opinions, and they choose to flee in groups...
But the world is so big, where is there a place for them, some of them fled into the mountains and forests to starve to death, and some of them killed each other. Others choose to take risks to keep their children alive, leaving them on the side of the road in the hope of being adopted by kind Chinese.
However, what happened next was somewhat unexpected by the Japanese themselves, and after their crazy self-harm, the Chinese troops and people who rushed to arrive did not "kill" them.
Those Chinese discovered the babies left behind by the Japanese, and they kindly adopted them, even though their own children had been brutally killed by the Japanese invaders.
Others were discovered by Chinese, and angry Chinese beat them, but did not kill them in the end. As for the Chinese army, after capturing a large number of Japanese, they did not harm them, but gave them food.
In particular, the troops of the Eighth Route Army not only gave them precious grain, but also conducted ideological and moral education for them.
The Japanese were shocked, they never thought that Chinese way of treating them was to repay their grievances with virtue.
On the other hand, the Japanese government itself ignored Japanese immigrants and tried to abandon them all in China...
Later, China fulfilled its responsibilities as a great power and decided to send Japanese immigrants back to Japan from Huludao through negotiations with the Soviet Union. The whole process lasted six months and a total of 1.05 million Japanese were repatriated.
In 1994, the famous Japanese writer Kunihiro returned to Huludao, sincerely thanked the Chinese people of that year, and made the history of that year into a documentary "Huludao Great Repatriation".
At this point, the Japanese pioneer regiment and the war of aggression against China became history ...
After reading all this, and looking back at history, can we still say that ordinary Japanese people are innocent? I'm afraid not!
On this basis, we can also answer the question: why can't China have ethnic Japanese? In that case, we don't even have empathy with the Japanese, and how can we absorb these Japanese immigrants.
It can only be said that being able to suppress hatred and give them the greatest help in Huludao is already the limit of what the Chinese nation can do. For this past, we can only sigh: China has always been friendly to other countries, but how can Japan be worthy of this goodwill?
You know, even now they have not acknowledged the historical fact of aggression against China.