As we all know, after Qin Shi Huang died of illness on the dune platform during his last eastern tour of the world, Zhao Gao, a close attendant at his side, instigated Zhao Gao, in order to protect his position, instigated him to persuade Hu Hai, the young son of Qin Shi Huang, who was in charge of teaching, to seize the power of the world and succeed to the throne as emperor.
The reason is that Zhao Gao and Qin Shi Huang's eldest son Fusu have always been at odds, and Qin Shi Huang specially left an edict to his eldest son who was defending the Xiongnu in Shangjun and guarding northern Xinjiang before his death, asking Fusu to hand over the army to the general Meng Tian first, and immediately set off to return to the Qin capital Xianyang to preside over his funeral after receiving the edict.
Although Qin Shi Huang left this edict without explicitly naming his eldest son Fusu as his heir, the meaning expressed was self-evident. After all, before his deathbed, Qin Shi Huang only left his eldest son Fusu an edict to "return to Qin Capital to preside over the funeral", and did not make any arrangements for the rest of the sons, even his very favored youngest son Hu Hai. And during this cruise, only this younger son was by his side among the remaining sons.
Zhao Gao, a close attendant beside Qin Shi Huang, also said in his first words when he encouraged the young prince Hu Hai: "Your Majesty died, but did not leave an edict to crown all the princes as kings, but only specially left a letter to the eldest son." Once Fusu returns to Xianyang, he will definitely immediately succeed to the throne and become the emperor, so you will not even have a fiefdom at that time, so what should you do! ”
Although Hu Hai rejected the teacher's proposal twice, under Zhao Gao's repeated instigation and lobbying, he finally agreed to carry out a usurpation scheme, deposed his eldest brother Fusu and installed himself as emperor, and finally said to his teacher Zhao Gao: "Now that my father has died of illness and has not yet been mourned, and the funeral ceremony does not know when it will be held, how can I use such a thing to interfere with the prime minister!" ”
This really caught Zhao Gao off guard, and he thought: "This student Hu Hai really doesn't say that he can't open the trick, and this mouth is more urgent than me!" The old man hasn't said to ask the prime minister for help! You are anxious to become the emperor and control the authority of the world." Of course, this is just a joke by Zi Mo, everyone laughs it off. Then back to Zhao Gao, after Hu Hai agreed, Zhao Gao, because of his urgency of time, immediately found Li Si, the head of the group of courtiers who accompanied Qin Shi Huang on his tour of the world.
Although Zhao Gao was a close attendant on Qin Shi Huang's side, and was also in charge of the emperor's jade seal talisman and other seals that issued edicts, his official position was only the order of Zhongche Mansion, not even Jiuqing. If the elders are abolished, it will be difficult to gain the trust of the ministers. After all, Fusu is the eldest son of Qin Shi Huang, there are many nobles and ministers in the dynasty, and the people of the world have heard of his virtuous name, and have long believed that Fusu is the future heir to the throne.
Even if Zhao Gao used his identity to facilitate the change of Qin Shi Huang's edict, it would not be easy to obtain the support of the ministers by making Hu Hai the crown prince and eventually inheriting the imperial throne, and once the matter was revealed, it would surely bring disaster to the entire family, and he would be sentenced to death, taking a great risk. Only with the support and help of the heavy ministers can such a usurpation that risks the world's great disapproval be carried out smoothly, and Li Si, the head of the civil servants accompanied by Qin Shi Huang's eastern tour, is the best candidate.
After all, Li Si was an extremely powerful minister at that time, noble as the left minister of the Qin Dynasty, and a founding hero, plus the favor of Qin Shi Huang, in addition to the Meng Tian and Meng Yi brothers of the Meng family, it can be said that he was the most powerful and favored courtier of the Qin Dynasty. If Li Si's support and help can be obtained, Zhao Gao and Hu Hai can be eight or nine percent sure of what they are doing.
Although Li Si, like his son Hu Hai, also explicitly refused many times when Zhao Gao was looking for lobbying, because he was worried that after Fusu succeeded to the throne, his position as prime minister might be taken away by Meng Tian, a general who had assisted Fusu for many years, so it was difficult to keep the Marquis Gao and return home. In the end, he valued fame and fortune too much, and the powerful and wealthy Li Si also agreed to Zhao Gao's plan.
Then Zhao Gao, Hu Hai, and Li Si conspired to discuss, and then launched the Dune Change, destroying the edict left by Qin Shi Huang to his eldest son Fusu, and forged two other edicts: establishing Hu Hai, the young son of Qin Shi Huang, as the crown prince; For the crime of unfilial piety, he gave Fusu, the heir to the throne who died in the frontier of Shangjun. In the end, Fusu received the edict and committed suicide, and Hu Hai returned to the Qin capital Xianyang to take the throne as emperor.
So when Fusu was given death by Zhao Gao and others, why didn't he resist?
According to historical records, after receiving the edict of death, Fusu wanted to enter the inner room to settle himself, and although the general Meng Tian delayed for a while on the grounds of asking for confirmation again, under the repeated urging of the messenger, Fusu finally drew his sword and committed suicide.
"The messenger arrived, sent a book, helped Su into the inner house, and wanted to commit suicide. Stopping, the messenger is interested. Fusu committed suicide. "The Chronicle"
For this reason, why did Fusu support the 300,000 elite Great Wall border guards and was assisted by Meng Tian, a general who could fight a good battle, not resist, but was willing to bow down and commit suicide?
In fact, Fusu's choice to commit suicide was also a last resort, and resistance could only become an unrealistic conjecture. Because Fusu and Meng Tian did not know the news that Qin Shi Huang had died, they could not prepare for it in advance. When the summoned messenger arrived in Shangjun and went to the big tent to deliver the edict of death, even if Fusu and Meng Tian found out about it, it was too late, and there was no chance for them to resist again.
"The First Emperor collapsed on the dune platform. Chancellor is in the world, secret, not mourned. In the coffin carrying the cold car, so the lucky eunuchs participated, and the food was supplied. Everything is the same. The smell of the car is ordered by the official to carry a stone of abalone to mess with its stench. "The Chronicle"
When Li Si agreed to participate in the Dune conspiracy led by Zhao Gao, he immediately did three things: first, he ordered the news that Qin Shi Huang had died of illness; Second, continue to let Qin Shi Huang's close attendants accompany him, and these close attendants secretly enjoy and handle the daily food and drinks and the things played by the hundred officials in the car; Third, use a constant temperature carriage to ride the body of Qin Shi Huang to reduce the speed of corpse decay. In order to avoid the smell, Li Si ordered the carriages of the accompanying officials to carry a bag of salted fish to confuse the smell of corpse corruption.
"The first emperor traveled, the road sick, so that Meng Yi returned the prayer to the mountains and rivers, but did not rebel." "History"
For this reason, except for Zhao Gao, Hu Hai, Li Si, and a few close attendants who had been serving by Qin Shi Huang's side, no one knew that Qin Shi Huang had died of illness. Although the younger brother of the general Meng Tian served as a secretary in the dynasty and accompanied Qin Shi Huang every time he went out, when Qin Shi Huang fell ill during his eastern tour, he sent Meng Yi out to return to pray for blessings, so Meng Yi, who met mountains and rivers to pray for blessings along the way, did not know the news of Qin Shi Huang's death, and Fusu and Meng Tian lost their "important inner line" in the dynasty.
"Leave the king with soldiers. Sent Hu Haike to Fusu in Shangjun with a book. "The Chronicle"
"Hu Hai took Li Sishe as an escort." "History"
Then Zhao Gao, Hu Hai, and Li Si conspired to depose Chang Liyou, destroy Qin Shi Huang's last edict, and forge two edicts to give death to Fusu and establish Hu Hai as crown prince. Immediately, after deliberating, the three decided to let Hu Hai's disguised as an emissary go to Shangjun to give death to Fusu, the eldest son of Qin Shi Huang, and replace Fusu as the overseer with Li Si's retainers, and the position of general Meng Tian's main general was held by the deputy general Wang Li, that is, the grandson of the famous general Wang Yi.
After Hu Haimenke and Li Si's retainers arrived in Shangjun disguised as summoned messengers, they directly relieved the general Meng Tian of military power, so Fusu and Meng Tian, who did not know the news of Qin Shi Huang's death and could not prepare in advance, had no ability to resist after losing their military power. At this time, if Fusu does not commit suicide, what can be done to change this mortal result!
The general Meng Tian refused to commit suicide and was ordered by Hu Haimenke to have the magistrates detained in Yangzhou, Shangjun to await follow-up treatment. On the other hand, after receiving the news that the heir Fusu had died, he rushed back to the Qin capital Xianyang from the Jiuyuan Straight Road, and immediately announced the death of Qin Shi Huang, and the young son Hu Hai inherited the throne and became the second emperor of Qin. A funeral ceremony was then held to bury Qin Shi Huang in the Lishan Imperial Mausoleum, which has been under construction for decades.
Epilogue:
The Dune Change initiated by Zhao Gao, Hu Hai, and Li Si was intertwined, and each step was so compact and orderly that the eldest son Fusu and the general Meng Tian, who were in Shangjun and did not know the news of Qin Shi Huang's death, could not prepare in advance to deal with unknown risks. When the young prince Hu Haimenke and the envoy disguised as Zuo Xiang Li Si's courtier resisted Shangjun's removal of Meng Tian's military power, Fusu and Meng Tian completely lost their ability to resist, even if Fusu had the intention to resist, but they were no longer able to return to heaven.
Text/History Zimo Pavilion
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