Quyuan Garden, located in the west section of Ma Yike Lane in the west of Renmin Road in Suzhou City, has an area of 3.33 acres and is now a national key cultural relics protection unit.
The owner of Quyuan, Yu Fan, was a native of Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, a famous literary scholar and phonologist and exegeticator in the late Qing Dynasty. In the 30th year of Daoguang (1850), Gengshu Kejinshi was awarded the Title of Shu jishi of Hanlin Academy. Appreciated by the Xianfeng Emperor, he allowed Henan to study politics. Two years later, in the examination for the soldiers, he was impeached by Yushi Cao Dengyong as "a tester who writes a question, and divides the scriptures", so he was dismissed from his post and returned to the field. At that time, when the Taiping Army was marching into Zhejiang, Yu Fan moved to Suzhou to avoid the disaster of the army and immersed himself in reading the scriptures and writing books. Li Hongzhang, a fellow scholar, was then the inspector of Jiangsu, and with the help of Li, Yu Fan became the main lecturer of Suzhou Ziyang Academy. During this period, Yu Yu changed his residence in Suzhou. Later, with the help of friends, in the thirteenth year of Tongzhi (1874), he built more than thirty rooms on the wasteland west of Pan Shien's old house in Ma Yike Lane, and its side gap was built as a small garden, a stone chisel pond, and a miscellaneous flower and tree. "This garden was formed. The terrain of the garden is narrow and long, like a curved ruler. Yu Fan said in the "Record of Qu Garden": "Its shape is a song, so it is called Qu Garden".
At that time, the Yu family's economy was not rich, and the building materials used were not coarse, "but it was possible to take the rough and live, and dared to be poor in civil engineering." The name of Quyuan also implies the meaning of "Qu Zequan" of Lao Tzu. After the completion of Quyuan, Yu Fan called himself "Quyuan Resident" and called himself "The Man of One Qu".
Living in the Quyuan Garden deep in the dark alley, the doorway is really ordinary, and it is this seemingly ordinary doorway that makes Suzhou once become an important town of late Qing Dynasty Guoxue.
Entering the door, the beam is hung with a vertical plaque of "Tanhua and the First". That was the result of Yu Yu's eldest grandson, Yu Pingyun (the father of the famous "Red Scholar" Yu Pingbo). Yu's father, Yu Zuren, was ill, and His Majesty lived with his grandparents from an early age, and was personally educated by his grandfather Yu Fan. Yu Fan valued the imperial examination, often using this to exhort his grandson and place high hopes on it. He wrote a couplet on the door: "Hushan loves me, I love Hushan, but the old man is old; Kodi is heavy, people are heavy, may my grandson be mianzhi."
Yu His Majesty was selected in third place. Receiving this good news, Yu Fan was overjoyed and wrote a joint praise: "The old man is half a life of floating and sinking, collecting thousands of books, reading tens of thousands of volumes, and writing hundreds of books; Xiao Sun has been lucky several times, the first place in the township test, the second place in the will test, and the third place in the temple test." Therefore, the "Tanhua and the first" vertical plaque was hung on the dangmen.
Walking through the foyer, behind it is a small courtyard, and the three bungalows in the courtyard are "car halls". On the screen door of the hall hangs a portrait of Yu Fan, and hangs a horizontal plaque "Deqing Yu Taishi's Book of Books", which is li Hongzhang's inscription.
Hanging on the hall is a couplet written by the last Prince of Su, Shanqi: "Taishi has books that can be written; Ziyun is not invited to be named in the world." "Ziyun" is a character for Yang Xiong, a famous poet and philosopher of the Western Han Dynasty. Yang Xiong is the author of famous words such as "Ganquan Fu", "Feather Hunting Fu", "Chang Yang Fu", as well as philosophical works such as "Tai xuan" and "Fa Yan", but Yang Xiong stuttered and was not good at interacting, and he was poor all his life. The Tang Dynasty poet Lu Zhaolin's "Chang'an Guyi" has a poem praising Yang Xiong: "Lonely and lonely Yang Ziyun, a bed of books every year." ”
The joint sentence will compare Yu Yu to Yang Xiong. After Yu Fan was deposed from henan to study politics, he concentrated on lecturing, immersed himself in writing, and wrote a broad and profound work. The modern scholar Miao Chuansun's "Letter of Mr. Yu" said that he "lectured the main Sinology, the righteousness of the main Song studies, taught his disciples to use the scriptures, and became a master of the southeast." In modern times, many celebrities such as Zhang Taiyan, Wu Dayi, Zhang Peilun, Lu Runyu, Wu Changshuo and so on are all under his door. Yu Yu wrote a self-deprecating self-deprecation: "There are children to teach, and one is happy; the morality is not used, and its virtuousness is not used!" ”
On the walls hang eight paintings and calligraphy: Shan Chuan Yu Xiu, Shu Xiang Family Biography, Youth Career, Moving To Wu Men, Immersed In Writings, Men Xiu Sanqian, Mo Xiang Shen zhou, and Master Park Xue, summarizing Yu Yu's life. The wall is also embedded with the brick carvings of Yu Fan's "Qu Yuan Ji".
The indoor display includes yu Fan's life and His handwriting, ink books, ancient books, and printed scores in Suzhou Quyuan, Jiangsu Province. After Yu Fan resigned from Henan to study politics, he worked diligently and wrote more than 500 volumes. His mentor Zeng Guofan once played "Yu Yinfu desperately wrote a book".
Yu Fan spent most of his 33 years in Quyuan from the time he built Quyuan at the age of 54 until his death at the age of 86. He is the author of the sixteen kinds of thirty-five volumes of the "Qunjing Ping discussion", the fifteen kinds of thirty-five volumes of the "Zhuzi Ping discussion", and the "Example of the Doubtful Meaning of ancient books", and has studied the pre-Qin classics and the hundred schools of the Zhuzi school of thought, which has been recommended by the academic community. In addition, "Dazhai Chunqiu", "Lexicon", "Quyuan Miscellaneous", "Binyin Collection", "YuLou Miscellaneous", "First Floor Series", etc., involving scriptures, Zhuzi, history, phonology and exegesis, poetry, opera, calligraphy, etc., as well as miscellaneous writings such as essays, poems, essays, rulers, yanglian, notes, legends, and proverbs. Collecting hongfu is enough to drown in the future.
Yu Fan commonly uses seals. Yu Pingbo, a famous contemporary scholar and red scholar, is the great-grandson of Yu Fan, who has lived by Yu Lu's side since childhood and is deeply loved by the elderly. He often personally taught his great-grandchildren in Chun Zaitang, always requiring Yu Pingbo to stamp the books he read on the job with a seal of "desperately writing books".
Walking through the "car hall" is a small courtyard, and the three bungalows in the courtyard are quite simple.
Entering the hall, the "Lezhitang" seal plaque hangs high on the hall, which is an inscription for Mr. Gu Tinglong, a calligrapher from Suzhou. Yu Fan said in the "Record of Qu Yuan": "Taking the meaning of 'Lotte ZhiFeng' in Zhou Yi, Yan Qi's hall affair is called 'Le Zhi Tang', which belongs to Peng Xueqin's attendant and lists the frieze. It means to be content with the Destiny and to be happy with oneself.
"Lezhi Hall" is the main hall of Quyuan Garden, which is a place for Yu Fan to receive guests, birthday celebrations, happy congratulations, and hosting the wedding of the younger generations.
There are two pairs of couplets hanging in the hall, one of which is "There are three more than three, and there are many talents and many realizations; the first of the four beauty is four beauty, and the beautiful name is meishou beautiful children and grandchildren." This is Yu Fan's self-written shou lian on his 60th birthday. In addition to the "three mores" of many blessings, many lives, and many descendants, there are also the "three mores" of "many virtues, many talents, and many enlightenments."; in the lower link, before the "four beauty" of renmei, righteous beauty, loyalty, and xinmei, the "four beauty" of "beautiful name, beautiful life, beautiful child, and beautiful grandson" are also marked. At that time, the eldest grandson Yu Xiyun had already "explored the flowers and the first", and the great-grandson Yu Pingbo was also born. It can be seen that Yu Fan was full of happiness and happiness, and his descendants became talented and full of ambition.
Another link is "Accumulation is a mountain, and if you get an inch, you can get a ruler; if you don't get it, you can't get it, and the beans are the beans, the melons are the melons." This is a series of aphorisms written by Yu Fan. The original title of this joint is Suzhou "Jigongtang". It means "one point of hard work, one point of harvest." "Don't be lucky.
Hanging on the pillar of the "Lezhi Hall" is also Yu Fan's own compilation of "and living is better, why should the garden be poor; brainstorm, but the wind and moon help to talk.". Shanglian wrote his own requirements for the homestead, do not have to be luxurious, can live on the line, indifferent to Mingzhi, tolerant knees, reflecting the simple life of a generation of masters. Xia lian writes about the joy of learning and exchanging knowledge with literary friends, showing the life interest of a diligent scholar.
There are two banners hanging on the wall, one is written by Zeng Guofan as "Jade Crane Dust Dissipates Yan Yan Shui Qing; Stone Seat Runji Qin Si Jing".
Jade crane, deer tail made of dust whiskers. The joint sentence alludes to the fact that the human heart needs to be constantly cultivated in order to maintain purity. Stone seat, refers to the piano stand. This means that only by wiping the piano rack clean, the sound of the piano that pops out will not be noisy, which is also the meaning of self-improvement.
The other is Li Hongzhang's inscription "One Day Across the River to Collect Sails; Ten Thousand Volumes of Books Are Suitable for Children". He praised Yu Yu for his brave retreat, reading the Bible and writing books, and teaching his children to raise grandchildren.