Black pine bonsai starts with "0"
It is said that the Japanese black pine bonsai is the most exquisite, cut, and then "fragrant" is not as good as their own hand and foot stroke shape.
Starting from "0", practicing a superb black pine bonsai modeling technique is the real incense!
Think about it, many years later, the black pine pile scenery that I cultivated, the old dry and vigorous, the intertwined roots, the strange posture of the dragon cricket and the tenacity of the vitality... Wow, dare to think to dare to be, heart to act.
In this article, we continue to talk about black pine, obtain black pine pile material to raise pile, combine black pine modeling and pruning, start from the details, and watch their black pine grow step by step, step by step.
Prepare a suitable environment
Black pine bonsai
【Essentials of "Living"】
Black pine is an evergreen tree, requiring sufficient light, during the growth period, especially in the budding and leafing period, can not be placed indoors for a long time to watch. After a year of black pine stumps, fang grows well.
Black pine has a well-developed root system, high survival rate and strong resistance to soot pollution.
【"Long" Essentials】
Black pine loves light, is drought tolerant and barren, is not tolerant of water and water, and is not hardy.
Black pine is suitable for growing in warm, humid oceanic climate areas, and is most suitable for growing in sandy soils with deep soil layers, loose soils and humus.
Because of its resistance to sea fog and sea breezes, black pine can also grow on beach salt soil.
【"Environment" Essentials】
Small bonsai of black pine should not be exposed to strong light in the middle of summer.
In winter, it is possible to overwinter in the open, preferably buried in a sunny leeward place.
If you winter indoors, the room temperature should not be too high, and the Qingming Festival can be moved outdoors.
Winter humidity should not be lower than minus 5 ° C.
Provide proper cultivation
For a whole year, you need to pay attention to it, maintain it, and don't ignore the impact of each seasonal change on the black pine bonsai.
【Pot Selection Requirements】
The black pine branches are dark green, and it is advisable to choose a medium and deep purple sand clay pot.
Glazed clay pots can be used for small bonsai, and chiseled stone pots for large bonsai can be used for alum or marble.
The shape of the pot can be determined according to the tree type, generally with rectangular basins or oval basins, and the cliff shape should be used for high and deep thousand barrels or medium-deep square pots.
【Soil Selection】
Black pine is not strict on soil requirements, but it is advisable to use loose and deep neutral soil or slightly acidic. Potted plants are best made of mountain soil or saprophytic soil, mixed with 20% sandy soil as cultivated soil. The soil should not be too fertile to control growth.
【Collection Requirements】
Black pine digging must bring soil balls, and after returning home, as far as possible on the ground basin, the survival rate can reach 90%.
If it is inconvenient to pot on the mountain, you must plant it on the ground when you come back, and you must not pott it.
Once the shrunken branches occur, the mortality rate is 100%.
The number of black pines excavated is large, and it is best to choose on rainy or snowy days to avoid sunny days.
【Upper basin requirements】
The root system that is too long can be cut short so that when planting, the root system does not bend in the pot.
After mining, the blank is first raised in the open field, and when the root system is well developed and the branches and leaves are growing luxuriantly, then the pot is processed for modeling.
The upper basin period is better than before the germination in March.
【Environmental Requirements】
In order to meet the needs of making bonsai, when cultivating in the open field, it is necessary to choose a place with sufficient light and poor soil to control the supply of water and nutrients.
The purpose is to make its main root thick and short, the lateral root developed, the stem short and flexed, the branches and leaves dense and clustered, the posture simple and elegant, and it can be potted and processed well.
【Bowling requirements】
Black pine bonsai is generally turned over once every 3 to 5 years, and it is advisable to carry out it from February to March.
When turning the pot, keep the original pot soil intact and pour out, remove 1/2 of the old soil, cut the long root system, as well as dead roots and rotten roots, and trim some unnecessary branches and leaves to maintain the balance of the upper and lower parts of the pot soil.
Director tip: When it is found that the original pot capacity is not enough, you can replace it with a slightly larger new pot, and the planting method is the same as the upper pot.
【Fertilization method】
Black pine is tolerant of barrenness, lacks fertilizer in the soil, and can grow normally, and promotes short dryness, dense branches, and short leaves.
However, during the growth period, it is appropriate to apply 1 to 2 times of dilute and decomposed cake fertilizer water, which is conducive to robust growth and increases the ability to resist diseases and insect pests.
【Watering method】
Black pine likes to be dry and avoid standing water, watering should not be excessive, see dry before watering, pouring through.
Proper water control during the growth period can make the branches thick and short, adding ornamental value.
In the summer, when the temperature is high, foliar water can be sprayed frequently, which is conducive to growth.
【Pest Control】
The main diseases of black pine are leaf rust, needle drop disease, curved branch disease and pine tumor disease.
Common insect pests include aphids, mesozoans, red spiders and pine borers.
Pine needle rust is pine tumor disease can be sprayed with 65% wettable fomeric iron or fomer zinc 300 times liquid for prevention and control.
Needle drop disease can be sprayed with Baume 0.5 degree stone sulfur compound.
Insect pests such as pine borer and red spider can be controlled with 50% borer emulsion 1000 to 1500 times liquid or 40% Lego emulsion 2000 times liquid spray control.
The right styling design
Black pine bonsai can be made into oblique dry, curved dry, cliff type and other shapes, and can also be made into stone-attached bonsai.
Because the black pine needles are thick and long, they should not be cut into layers of flakes, and most of them are mainly natural shapes, showing typical pine characteristics.
The whole branch shape of the black pine bonsai is mainly achieved through pruning and crab tying, and methods such as grafting and budding can only be used as auxiliary means.
First: pruning
The pruning of newly planted black pine piles is carried out in two steps.
The first step is to cut the support from the base before and after planting, through careful consideration, for the completely unwanted branches, you can cut them from the base; for the branches that need to be shortened, do not rush to achieve it, and wait until they are really alive, it is best to carry out the next step of pruning in the second year.
Moreover, for whether the branch that needs to be shortened can be shortened, it also depends on whether there are small side branches at the truncation, and if there is no side branch that can be retained, its truncation will not germinate like fast-growing tree species such as elm.
Therefore, when shorting, it is necessary to select a pre-used side branch, and then tie it to the ideal position after cutting.
Of course, not any pine shoots can not germinate, if you need to enrich the shoots, you can shorten the robust annual shoots or the annual sprouts, that is, you can force out more new shoots.
Second: Panza
Due to the weak regeneration and germination of black pine tree species, panza is an important means of this type of bonsai, and the method of branching and cutting is not feasible for such tree species.
Even the tyra must be careful not to break or sprain a branch during the tying or pulling process.
Whether it is broken or cracked, the phloem tissue at the wound will not form a foreskin as quickly as a fast-growing tree species and continue to grow, but it will die from the wound to the end first, if there is no living side branch from the branch to the base of the branch, the waterline will be cut off, and the entire branch will gradually retreat and die to the base.
Therefore, when pinching, you can't use too much force and pull hard and twist hard.
What cannot be put in place at once, it must be done step by step.
In particular, the cultivation of large cliff (upside down) type pine bonsai, on the basis of the original certain degree of curvature of the pile, should be divided into many years and multiple times to tie or pull, and gradually increase the sagging degree.
In case of accidental injury, the wound can be sealed with ordinary clear water paint (commonly known as varnish), which may work.
It takes a long time for the black pine to be set, and the wire is removed after the finalization.
In a few years, if there is a recovery due to growth, it is necessary to carry out the tying or traction again.
Important note from the station manager
1. The posture processing of black pine should be carried out during the dormant period, when the sap flows slowly, and the pruning of branches will not cause the risk of pine resin spillage.
2. Proper pruning of black pine bonsai in order to maintain its beautiful and elegant tree shape, pruning in the growth period to pick buds, 3 to 4 times a year, when the new shoots are elongated but have not yet pumped conifers, you can pick off about 1/2 of each top bud, such as bonsai that does not need to grow branches, you can remove all the top buds.
3. During the growth period, only the shape can be climbed, or the buds can be picked to control the growth, and the posture cannot be pruned.
4. Because black pine does not like fertilizer, it can be used as a base fertilizer by putting tea residue into the bottom of the pot as a base fertilizer when carrying seeds, which is convenient and saves money.
5. Black pine bonsai has strong adaptability to the environment, and can be cultivated in courtyards and balconies. It should be placed outdoors in a place with sufficient sunshine and air flow, but it should not be placed indoors for a long time.
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