"The Biography of the Painter" ~ 346th
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > Qian Weicheng's penmanship is also imitated by Lutai, and he is one of the few poets and painters in history! </h1>
Text/Lu Xiuhui
Qian Weicheng (1720-1772) was a Qing Dynasty official and painter. The initial name is Xin Lai, the character Zongpan, the word You'an, the number sewing temple, the tea mountain, the late number Jiaxuan, Jiangsu Wujin people.
In the tenth year of Qianlong (1745), Qian Weicheng was 26 years old, and won the first place of Jinshi and the first place in one fell swoop, and was awarded the Hanlin Academy cultivation. Hanlin bachelors are divided into Manchu and Han Chinese, and Qian Weicheng Manchu is only ranked as "third class of scattered halls". Qianlong was a little upset, feeling that Qian Weicheng did not have any intentions, and said: "(Qian) Weicheng is not enough to be Qingwen Xiye?" Fu Heng listened, it was broken, no one spoke for Qian Weicheng, maybe Qianlong was going to do something. After quickly standing up to defend him, Qianlong ordered another test of Chinese. Qianlong read Qian Weicheng's poems and felt that his poems were flawed, and his literary endowment was still smooth, so he still ordered him to stay in the post of "repairing". Historically, the top four titles, BangYan, Tanhua, and Chuanqi are all routinely taught by the Hanlin Academy, and do not require the Shujishi examination. Qianlong had a lot of things to do, and almost made his own jokes. Qian Weicheng's "Cao Jianting":
Slightly hidden like a small hermit, closed house is a mountain forest.
The order of the festival is abandoned, and the career is left with bitter groans.
The frost is full of trees, and the stirrups are deep after the rain.
Holding this idle taste should conform to the mind of the meditator.
The gains and losses of the field house directly affect the direction of the scholar's life, and some people have tried many times, like Wen Zhengming's eight-blow merit, and even examples of not citing them abound. The examination hall is related to the official field, whether the career is proud or not, determines the realization of the value of the life of the scholars, and affects the play of their talents. Qian Weicheng, Zhao Yi, Hong Liangji, and Sun Xingyan in the Qianjia Changzhou poetry group are all in the first and first and enter the career path. Another influential poet in Changzhou, Huang Jingren, whose poetry is extremely prestigious, and Wang Tan is called "Erzhong", and Hong Liangji is called "Erjun", one of the seven sons of Biling, the poetics Li Bai, who has written many expressions of poverty and loneliness, and also has cynical chapters, and the seven-word poem is very distinctive and can also be words. Huang Jingren was frustrated in the field and was a cold soldier of the "lone crane and hungry phoenix".
Huang Jingren stopped moving halfway on the road of the imperial examination, and did not become a county clerk until two years before his death. Qian Weicheng was born into a family of keju, and the difference in social status and the diversity of their identities determined the complexity of their poetry writing content, and the social influence was also different. Huang Jingren's road is more bumpy than Qian Weicheng's, while Qian Weicheng's is much flatter than that of Qian Weicheng. Yuan Ming said: "If you want to be worthy of the name of the yuan, then the word yuan, the chest can not be forgotten for a day." If relying on the yuan is an arrogant act, then the word "yuan" cannot be forgotten in the chest for a day." Hongli once inscribed a poem in the painting "Sound Map of Qianwei City's Distant Stream Springs":
Tian Pan stone room, subi written into a picture.
Reflecting the beauty of the mountains, haunting the water.
Look at the far foil outside, and the side ear is quiet.
The paintings are indistinguishable from each other.
After Qian Weicheng, he successively served as right middle-hand man, entered the Zhinan Study, filled the day to talk about the living officials, the bachelor of attendants, the bachelor of waiters, the bachelor of cabinet, the ceremonial, the worker, and the attendant of the Punishment Department. In the nineteenth year of Qianlong (1754), he was appointed as a deputy examiner and taught Shu Jishi. In the twenty-second year of Qianlong (1757), he was appointed as a waiter in the Ministry of Works and an examiner of the Chongwuhui Examination. In the twenty-third year of Qianlong (1758), Qian Weicheng was instructed to divide the affairs of the five cities in the capital. He played: Please consider how much to set the freight according to the distance of the venue according to the actual situation. The Qianlong Emperor thought it was reasonable, and issued an edict to carry out the edict as soon as he requested. In the twenty-fourth year of Qianlong (1759), Qian Weicheng served as the examiner of the Jiangxi Township Examination. In the twenty-sixth year of Qianlong (1761), he was transferred to the Left Shilang of the Punishment Department. Soon, he was appointed as the governor of Zhejiang Xuezheng. In the twenty-seventh year of Qianlong (1762), during his tenure as a servant of the Punishment Department, Qian Weicheng again asked: Affirm the loopholes in the law and two things: First, whoever kills a criminal, forgives the crime of murder, but kills the criminal regardless of the crime. But after the case, the body was moved and exiled, which is the end of the day. The second is to kill the adulterer who resists arrest, on the basis of fighting and killing; and the murderer who does not resist arrest is not guilty. According to this law, adulterers will simply resist arrest. The following departments may be invited to discuss these two items, and they will be compensated and corrected after correction. Qian Weicheng's "Passing Through Pingyang County After the Rain":
The rain passed through the sky and the clouds fell low.
All the way to the apricot blossoms, full of spring birds chirping.
People slanted the mouth, the city guo sunset west.
Do not believe in the dust, do what is done and cherish the horse's hooves.
During Qian Weicheng's tenure as an official, as an important minister of the imperial court, he was well aware of his heavy responsibilities, he paid close attention to the national economy and people's livelihood, and he was very concerned about the people's livelihood and suffering. During Qian Weicheng's reign and supervision of Yungui, Kurama Lawton worked for the civilians and for the military martingale. In the thirty-fourth year of Qianlong (1769), Qian Weicheng asked: In the matter of obtaining the cabinet secretary, please seal the ink scroll and seal it, so as to prevent the ink scroll from knowing its province, seat number, etc., and breeding fraud. Subsequently, Qian Weicheng was appointed to Guizhou to investigate Liu Biao's embezzlement of treasury gold coins in Wei Lingzhi Prefecture, and his former inspector Fang Shijun and others demanded bribes and embezzled bills. He made private interviews, broke the network of relationships, and finally made the case clear. Report it to the imperial court so that the criminals will be judged according to the law.
Qian Weicheng is both a dominant figure and a versatile celebrity, a natural expression of daily life and his works. Talents are often arrogant and arrogant, and most of them dare to express their true disposition, to be pretentious, not hypocritical. As a line of officials, people who read books often can't help themselves, and the original bookish temperament and talent personality may be wiped out by the officialdom. Qian Weicheng is a well-dressed figure and a temple elite, who will not be too arrogant, nor will he lose his true character as a scholar. He said in the poem "Heavy Works for Weng Qinxi":
The Yangtze River is an ancient and modern stream, and the only trace is for my generation to travel.
Sitting on the young man who made the endowment, the emperor in the cabinet did not care.
Qian Weicheng is first and foremost a famous painter and, secondly, an excellent poet. Poetry and painting are connected, there is poetry in painting, and there is painting in poetry. He has a lot of inscription poems, which should be made into inscription poems, social inscription poems with colleagues, and answer poems with relatives and friends. The true disposition revealed in his inscription poems is correspondingly more. The painter's vision and mentality still have a considerable influence on the creation of poetry, to a certain extent, the painting realm is the poetic realm, and the poetic realm is the painting realm. Painters, especially landscape painters, often like to find creative inspiration from the smoke of landscapes, which can be found in Qian Weiqiao's poems:
My brother has a habit of landscape and water, and he travels from the mountain caves.
The strange stones of Yanshan mountain are in the chest, and the hair is long and special.
There are already paintings in the poems of the brothers, and they are even more glowing.
Xingshu often cut candles, and huge paintings are hung on all four walls.
Remembering that since last year, the mountain spirit laughed at my dusty face.
In Qian Weicheng's inscription poems, his pen is full of painters and poets' understanding of nature and their own expectations. Stemming from the mentality of the painter, he has many depictions of picturesque natural beauty in his poems. The beautiful landscape of Jiangnan strongly attracts poets with the idea of smoke and xia, and the poem contains the voice of the heart, "Although the clouds are good for a long trip, it is like guarding the countryside". He is not only a painting in the poem, but also a poem is a painting, which invisibly increases the painting atmosphere in the poem and the feelings in the chest. Qian Weicheng is the only poet in the Qianjia Changzhou poetry group, which should not be ignored or ignored. More of his creations are reflected in the use of poetry to depict landscapes and rivers, and to expound the theory of painting with poetic connotations. Qian Weicheng's "Inscription Painting":
Create a rich article, colorful non-carved ornamentation.
I want to write Qiu Rong, and I am ashamed of this.
In the thirty-seventh year of Qianlong (1772), Qian Weicheng's father died, and he also fell ill, the old disease recurred, and he died at home. The emperor specially gave the title of "Shang Shu", Yuwen Min, and gave sacrifices and burials as usual. Buried in Huainan Township. Qian Weicheng is the author of "Tea Mountain Collection", "Tea Mountain Poetry Banknote" eleven volumes, "Tea Mountain Wen Banknote" twelve volumes, and "Mingchun Xiaocao" seven volumes.
Qian Weicheng is also good at poetry, rioting, ancient literature, calligraphy, painting, is a versatile poet, known for his proficiency in painting. Qian Weicheng was born in a cultural family of "seven confucian crowns", and a good inter-era association and family learning relationship are helpful to his poetry, calligraphy and painting creation.
Qian Weicheng liked painting since childhood, and began to learn from his grandmother Chen Shu to paint freehand folded branches and fruits, sketching and rendering, giving shape with class, qi and meaning, and overall coordination. Later, he was guided by the painter Dong Bangda and learned to paint landscapes. The landscapes painted, the mountains are flowing, the springs are flowing, the smoke is floating, and the water is shining. The composition is well organized and the mood is quiet. Mountain stones are mostly made of pencils. His paintings were studied from the four families of the Yuan Dynasty, namely Huang Gongwang, Ni Zhan, Wu Zhen, and Wang Meng, and the four kings of the early Qing Dynasty, namely Wang Shimin, Wang Jian, Wang Hui, and Wang Yuanqi. The Tong Yin Treatise on Painting says that his landscape paintings "also imitate the foothill terrace, the hills are deep, the trees and stones are beautiful, and they are quite wonderful." When Qian Weicheng threw himself into the imperial examination, few people knew that he was good at calligraphy and painting, until the first and second, in a hunt with Qianlong, Qianlong shot a tiger, so Qian Weicheng was ordered to create a "shooting tiger map", after the completion of the work Qianlong praised one after another, and ordered this painting to be engraved on the stone of the Mulan paddock, and since then Qian Weicheng's reputation in the painting world has been greatly enhanced.
In Qian Weicheng's paintings, the angular stone shapes, the trunks of the trees with double hooks and few wrinkles, and the subtle fine brushes and light ink lines of the center all have Dong Bangda's brushwork, but he is more good at carefully using the pen and the color of green and ochre, which also shows the genre style of the "Four Kings" in the early Qing Dynasty, and his works often present an atmosphere of court wealth. In Qianlong's collection catalog "Shiqu Baoqian", there are more than 160 works of Qian Weicheng, which shows the degree of appreciation of Qian Weicheng's works by the Qianlong Emperor.
Qian Weicheng is good at calligraphy, neat and fine, "Zong Pan Gong Shu, calligraphy Dongpo." He studied Calligraphy in the Song Dynasty, one of the four masters of Su Dongpo. The pen is smooth and the bones are natural. It can also recite poems, with Du Shaoling as the sect. People called "Qian Wenmin Shangshu, Shizong Shaoling, Shugui Su Wenzhong." "It can be said that poetry, books, and paintings are one.
Lu Xiuhui has a poem "Song for Qian Weicheng's Young An", Shiyun:
High school Keju King, Confucian generation fang.
Article world name, dangui four seas fragrant.
Paint for the courtiers, and write poetry.
The wind and rain are not clear, and the pride is bold.
Chanting the moon window, Han Hao fluttered.
I am in a frenzy of fun, and the song is especially wonderful and new.
Because the painting has no poetry, the poem also has a painting block.
The standard is right, and the emotion is shifted to this generation.
With a secret in his chest, erudite and broken.
The sun dragged the dragon, and the dust swept away.
Poetry nostalgic for the hometown, painting traces accompanied by long eyes.
After the return of thousands of miles, the sunset mourns.