"Great Qin Fu" is a hit, do you know how many Qin kings there are in history? How honorable is the King of Qin?
During this time, "Great Qin Fu" became popular, which can also be regarded as a continuation of the blank history of the Audience from the Great Qin Empire and Mi Yue to Qin Shi Huang. There have been some historical dramas that show this history before, but they are not very representative.
"Great Qin Fu" tells the history of the period from the 28th monarch of the Qin state to the first emperor of Qin. The old King of Qin who appears in the play is Qin Ji, the son of King Huiwen of Qin and the eighth son of Qi.
Yes, I am not wrong, now many historians like to call the King of Qin Win, which is actually not right. Men in the Warring States period were all called surnames without surnames, and the members of the Royal Family of the Qin Dynasty were all surnamed Qin, so they should be called Qin, not Win. This mistake was made in the Great Qin Fu, but when it came to other princely states, it basically did not make a mistake. The Zhao royal family is a surnamed Zhao, and it is no problem to be called Zhao. The Yan royal family is the Surname of Ji Yan, and it is no problem to call Yan Mou. The more special is the King of Chu, the King of Chu should be called Chu, but the Chu Wang family calls itself the Xiong clan, so it is no problem to call Xiong.
So, from the successive monarchs of the Qin State to the fall of the Qin Dynasty, how many Qin kings were there in total?
At the beginning of the Qin Dynasty, it was a branch of the Zhao clan with the surname of Zhao, both of which were descendants of the founding father, and when the King of Wu was cutting the tree, this branch of the State of Qin offended the King of Wu, but the branch of the State of Zhao was divided, and the two families began to be separated. However, this branch of the Qin state has long been operated in the Longxi generation in Guanzhong and is very good at raising horses, so it was knighted by the Zhou Dynasty, and the first generation of monarchs "Qin Feizi" appeared. King Ping moved east, and at the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Qin officially became a vassal state of the Zhou Dynasty.
Therefore, the State of Qin was actually the most junior princely state, slightly better than a non-staff member like the State of Chu.
Duke Mu of Qin made the State of Qin one of the Five Lords of the Spring and Autumn Period, but was still a count at that time. Among the three princely states involved in the middle school textbook, the title of the monarch of the State of Qin is the lowest, the earl, the Marquis of Jin is slightly higher, and the State of Zheng is the highest, the duke.
However, after the appearance of the Spring and Autumn Five Hegemons, all the allies in the alliance, no matter how big or small, can be called "Bo", but this "Bo" is not a title, but the meaning of "overlord", which means that this prince can be above other princes. Of course, in the late Spring and Autumn Period, all the Princes of the Huaxia Clan who had some strength called themselves "Gong", regardless of whether there was a Zhou Dynasty edict or not.
In this regard, the princes are in league with the Rongyi. Regardless of your Zhou rituals, the Rong Yi people call themselves "kings" no matter how big or small, the big ones are the Chu King who disobeys the Zhou, the small ones are the Yiqu King, the Lu Hun King, and so on.
In the Warring States period, more and more princes began to drift, and began to call themselves "kings", competing with the Zhou Dynasty and the Chu Kings. The first to jump out were the King of Wei, the Marquis of Wei Wu, who was relatively low-key, and their successor, King Hui of Wei, was the first to be king. With this as a node, the title of "King" also began to depreciate greatly.
It was still relatively late for the State of Qin to claim the title of king, and Qin Xiaogong achieved a rich country and a strong army, but basically did not launch a large-scale war, and it was still relatively obscure. Qin Xiaogong's son, King Huiwen of Qin, the 26th Prince of Qin, also known as Mi Yue's husband, first left Hanguguan in the east and participated in the alliance of princes and became a recognized "king" among the princely states.
This pompous race for knighthood did not stop.
King Huiwen of Qin's son, King Wu of Qin, was even more extravagant, and went directly to Luoyang of the Zhou Dynasty to rob jiuding, but as a result, he killed himself without dying, and another son of King Huiwen of Qin, King Zhaoxiang of Qin, succeeded to the throne.
Qin Ji, the King of Zhaoxiang, was a super standby king in the Warring States period, and he was stunned that he had exhausted the life of his son and grandson. Qin Ji's son, Qin Zhu, the Prince of An Guojun and King Xiaowen, served as crown prince for more than 30 years, but only for 3 days. Qin Zhu's son, Qin Zichu, was slightly better and served as the King of Qin for 3 years.
Qin Zheng, the son of Qin Zichu, Yu Lie, the sixth emperor of Fen, destroyed the Six Kingdoms and unified China. The so-called "Yu Lie of the Sixth Dynasty" refers to the continuous efforts of the six Qin princes from Qin Xiaogong, Qin Hui Wangsi, Qin Wu Wang Dang, Qin Zhaoxiang Wang, Qin Xiaowen Wang, and Qin Zhuang Xiang Prince Chu.
Although it was Yu Lie, who was the sixth emperor of The Qin Dynasty, in fact, the Qin Xiaogong Quliang, the Qin Hui WangSi, and the Qin Zhaoxiang Wang Ji, who really played a decisive role in the rich and strong army of the Qin State, of course, the greatest contribution was still the Qin Shi Huang Zheng.
Qin Shi Huangzheng reigned for 36 years, of which the first 24 years were the Qin Dynasty, and the next 12 years were the First Emperor's Reign.
Please note that in the honorific title of Qin Shi Huang, there is no word "Qin", because he is not the first emperor of Qin, he is the first emperor of the whole world.
Unfortunately, the unification of the qin dynasty lasted only two generations, and when it reached the third Qin jun, it became the prince of Qin. The reason is that the Qin people have lost control of the Kwantung region and have actually become a vassal state in the Guanzhong region, and it is a great wisdom for zibao to be so low-key and obscure, and later directly surrendered to Liu Bang, which is also a great wisdom. Unfortunately, Xiang Yu did not have great wisdom, otherwise, the qin prince and baby could be raised like Puyi, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty.
After the fall of the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu divided the "Three Qin Kings", and in the small land of Guanzhong, there were actually three Qin kings--Zhang Handan was the Yong King, Dong Yi was the King of Zhai, and Sima Xin was the King of Sai. These three are two or five boys, the old Qin people do not recognize, everyone still thinks that Liu Bang, the King of Han, is the best. When Liu Bang made his comeback, he was supported by the old Qin people, so Liu Bang finally used great wisdom to get the status of "King of Guanzhong" or "King of Qin".
Before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the core rule of the Western Han Dynasty was limited to the Guanzhong region, and the ability to rule Shandong was very weak, Liu Bang worked hard to suppress the princes with different surnames, and the Han Jing Emperor quelled the rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms, in fact, the continuation of the cause completed by Qin Shi Huang. When Emperor Wu of Han arrived, a push order came down, and the princes of Shandong finally stopped cooking.
However, by this time, the Western Han Dynasty had also passed half of its lifespan.
Therefore, from beginning to end, the Western Han Dynasty did not have a particularly tall title of prince.
Liu Bang's two sons competed for the throne, one was the crown prince and the other was the king of Zhao. It can be seen that at that time, the title of King of Zhao was second only to that of the crown prince. After all, the only one who could fight with the Qin army in the late Warring States period was the State of Zhao.
However, the Zhao kings of the Han Dynasty did not have any good lives, and lü Lu alone killed three Zhao kings.
The Eastern Han Dynasty also inherited the Western Han Dynasty. As the founding emperor of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Guangwu of Han gave his crown prince Liu Zhuang the title of King of the East Sea before, and he could not see the huge gap between the kings at all.
Perhaps, this shows that the entire Han Dynasty attached great importance to the land of Guanzhong and did not intend to give this land to it.
The Han Dynasty was replaced by Cao Wei, and it was not so exquisite. Cao Rui made his adopted son Cao Qian the King of Qin. Unfortunately, this child died early, and he died at the age of 13.
Cao Wei was replaced by the Jin Dynasty of the Sima family, and the Western Jin Dynasty successively created three Qin kings, namely Sima Chen, Sima Yu, and Sima Yi. Among them, Sima Ye became the last emperor of the Western Jin Dynasty, and the 18-year-old Sima Ye was ravaged by the Xiongnu, which was quite miserable.
After the Western Jin Dynasty, three Qin states appeared successively, namely Former Qin and Later Qin and Western Qin.
These three Qin states have successively appeared these Qin kings:
1, Former Qin had a total of 7 lords, who enjoyed the country for 44 years, which were composed of Zhi Jian, Zhi Jian, Zhi Pi, And Gong Deng, etc.
2, The three kings of Later Qin, who enjoyed the kingdom for 34 years, were Yao Cang, Yao Xing, and Yao Hong.
3, 388 years of the founding of the country, in 409 changed the name of the country to Qin, in 431 fell, there are three kings are Qifu Guoren, Qifu Qiangui, Qifu Zhipan.
For a long time, the Guanzhong region has been the core area of the vast western region, both the grain supply of the farming area, and the good horse steel in the Longxi region as a strategic material, so everyone wants to be the king of Qin, and whoever becomes the king of Qin is likely to unify the north or even the world.
After the unification of the Sui Dynasty, the status of the title of King of Qin began to decrease, because Yang Guang, the second son of the Prince of Jin, who competed with the crown prince Yang Yong, was not the third son, Yang Jun, the Prince of Qin, and there were also Yang Yu, the King of Han, behind him.
In the last year of the Sui Dynasty, Xue Ju established the Western Qin regime in the Guanzhong region, and this Western Qin was also the sworn enemy of Li Shimin, the King of Qin in the Tang Dynasty. Li Shimin's battle for the world was quite smooth, but Xue Ju wasted a lot of effort, even to the last moment of life and death. Therefore, Li Shimin's title of "King of Qin" was actually earned by himself.
Li Yuan, the emperor of Tang Gaozu, was the least concerned about titles in history, and Li Yuan gave him the titles of four concubines, namely Li Jiancheng, the crown prince, Li Shimin the Prince of Qin, and Li Yuanji the Prince of Qi. You will find that the prince second only to the crown prince is the King of Qin, not the King of Jin.
The reason is very simple, Li Yuan himself is the King of Jin, and Tang is the ancient name of Jin, so the title of Jin must not be given to others.
Li Shimin was granted the title of "King of Qin", the province of the alternate crown prince, and also had the title of "General of Heavenly Strategy" and the right to open a palace, which was the way for Li Yuan to build a road for him to compete for the throne. Since then, Li Shimin and Li Jiancheng have not died endlessly.
In the Song Dynasty after the Tang Dynasty, the King of Jin became the most honorable title, equivalent to the alternate prince or alternate emperor. Zhao Kuangyin made his younger brother Zhao Guangyi the King of Jin, and also became the governor of Kaifeng, in fact, he gave him the capital, you say that he is not a brother and a brother, who believes? On the contrary, who became the king of Qin, that is, the barren Guanzhong, there was no longer any possibility of inheriting the throne.
Why did the Song Dynasty value the title of King of Jin more than the King of Qin? The reason is that the three dynasties of the Five Dynasties period all started from Taiyuan and then claimed the title of emperor. The King of Jin and the Envoy of Hedong Jiedushi, which was second only to the emperor. The Guanzhong area, which was severely damaged in the last years of the Tang Dynasty, has become a poor area, and no one wants to go.
The three dynasties of the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties were all standard unified dynasties, and the centralization of power was quite perfect, and the so-called local titles no longer had their original meaning. So, there's no need to discuss it here.
In general, Qin Zheng and Han Taizu Liu Bang both came out of the Guanzhong region to unify the whole country, so the Qin kings of all dynasties were second only to the crown prince or even the emperor, and played the role of alternate prince and alternate emperor. In the sui and song dynasties, the king of Jin became a candidate.
After all, in the eyes of foreigners, "Qin" is "China", and the King of Qin is the King of China.