Page 1 About the Author
Lu Xun (1881-1936), a great modern Chinese writer, thinker and revolutionary, was the founder of the New Literary Movement. His original name was Zhou Shuren (周树人), also spelled Yucai, a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, who came from a shabby feudal family.
The novella "The Biography of Ah Q", published in December 1921, is one of the outstanding works in the history of modern Chinese literature. From 1927 to 1936, he created most of the works and a large number of essays in the "New Compilation of Stories", which were included in the "Collection of Essays", "Three Idle Collections", "Two Hearts Collection", "Southern Cavity and North Collection", "Pseudo-Free Books", "Quasi-Wind Moon Talk", "Lace Literature", "and Jieting Essays" and other essay collections.
In his lifetime, Lu Xun made great contributions to China's cultural undertakings, and he led and supported progressive literary groups such as the "Unknown Society" and the "Chaohua Society". He has edited literary and art periodicals such as "Supplement of The National New Daily", "Mangyuan", "Rushing Stream", "Bud", "Translation" and other literary and art periodicals, and enthusiastically cares for and actively cultivates young authors. He vigorously translated foreign progressive literary works and introduced famous paintings and woodcuts at home and abroad, collected, studied, and sorted out a large number of classical literatures, critically inherited the ancient cultural heritage of the motherland, and edited the "Outline of the History of Chinese Novels", "Outline of the History of Chinese Literature", "Legends of the Tang and Song Dynasties", "Old Notes on Novels", and so on. He died in Shanghai on October 19, 1936.
Page 2 Reader Ratings
1. Zhou Zuoren's evaluation: "A Q Zheng Biography" is a satirical novel. Irony is a branch of intellectual literature, a classical work of realism. His main thrust is "hate", and his spirit is negative. But this hatred does not become world-weariness, and the negative is not all destruction.
2. Haruki Murakami's evaluation: Structurally, Lu Xun's "A Q Biography" makes Lu Xun's own pain and sorrow emerge by accurately describing the character of A Q, which is completely different from the author himself. This duality gives the work a deep meaning.
3, Sun Li evaluation: "A Q Zheng Biography" wrote a place in Shaoxing, it reflects the countryside of the whole country, wrote Xinhai for a while, the work can be passed on forever, write a bald A Q, let everyone get a mirror. This is an example of taking root in one place and writing typical characters.
Page 3 Background of writing
After the Opium War of 1840, China was in danger of extinction due to internal and external troubles, political corruption, and ignorance of the people. A small number of people with lofty ideals, led by Sun Yat-sen, fought with blood and thorns in an attempt to save China from peril. The Xinhai Revolution overthrew the feudal monarchy for more than two thousand years and made the concept of democracy and republicanism deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, but it did not accomplish the great task of the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal democratic revolution.
The bourgeoisie shuts out the peasants, who have strong revolutionary demands. Therefore, after the revolution, the broad masses of the peasantry are still under the brutal exploitation and oppression of imperialism and feudalism, and are subjected to political oppression, economic exploitation and spiritual enslavement.
With the calm and profound thinking of a thinker and the sensitivity and concentration of a writer, Lu Xun observed and analyzed everything he experienced and thought, felt the pulse of the times, and gradually understood the revolution he had experienced, the society in which he lived, and the mental state of the people he came into contact with. This is the basic background of the writing of "A Q Zheng biography".
Page 4 Summary of contents
"The True Biography of Ah Q" depicts a peasant Ah Q who lived before and after the Xinhai Revolution. In the old Chinese rural town of Weizhuang, Ah Q was very poor, had to live in the Tugu Ancestral Hall, and could only make a living by doing short-term work. His social status was low, and he even lost his surname. Homeless, landless, and without a fixed occupation, he sold his labor for a living, and was subjected to cruel oppression and exploitation. But he could not face up to his miserable position, but he reveled in himself with the "spiritual victory method".
From blind self-esteem and arrogance to pathetic self-contempt, Ah Q is a typical character in the semi-feudal and semi-colonial social environment. Ah Q's class position determined that he welcomed the revolution, but he did not understand the revolution, was confused, and mentally numb, and as a result was shot and displayed by the feudal landlord class that usurped the fruits of the revolution.
Ah Q has two things that have made him lower his position in the minds of the weizhuang people.
First thing:
The sons of Grandpa Zhao's family were in the Xiucai, and the people of Quanweizhuang were all happier than ever. At this time, Ah Q was not happy. In his eyes, he is always supreme, and no one can surpass him. Therefore, when people were talking about The matter of Zhongxiucai, the son of Grandpa Zhao, Ah Q suddenly said that he was also surnamed Zhao.
Ah Q's words made several of his buddies feel ridiculous when they heard them. So they instigated Ah Q to go to Grandpa Zhao's house to confess. Ah Q really went to Grandpa Zhao's house, and he had to nod his head in front of Grandpa Zhao, and this also made Grandpa Zhao very angry. He thought: How can a person with such a low social status as Ah Q have the same surname as himself? Therefore, Mrs. Zhao did not let him share a surname with himself, and even drove him out of the Zhao family with scolding. Since then, Ah Q has had a belly fire in his heart, but there is nowhere to scatter. Since then, the people of Weizhuang have looked down on Ah Q more and more.
Ah Q thinks that he is very unhappy, and suddenly meets the little nun again, and he plans to go forward to flirt and insult the little nun. At this time, Ah Q's brothers also wanted to vent because of their depression in life, so they encouraged Ah Q to flirt with the little nun. At this time, he was of course very happy to hear the encouragement of his brothers, so he vigorously flirted with the little nun. The little nun is even at the bottom of society, at this time there is no way, only to scold Ah Gui, scold Ah Q to cut off her children and grandchildren.
Second thing:
A turning point in Ah Q's life in Weizhuang. That's what Ah Q flirted with Mama Wu. Ah Q heard Mama Wu say that the old man already had two wives, and he also wanted the idea of a woman. He naturally took a fancy to Mama Wu, who had the same status as himself. Ah Q was not good at words, so the following things happened:
Ah Q knelt down and begged Mama Wu to sleep with him. Mama Wu was stunned by Ah Q's sudden move. Frightened, she ran out and cried to the old master and the young master. At this time, it was also the time when Mrs. Zhao's wife committed suicide, and Mrs. Zhao was already overwhelmed by his wife's affairs, and coupled with this incident of Ah Q, It made Grandpa Zhao even more angry. So he sprinkled all the fire on Ah Q's body and drove Ah Q out of the Zhao family. From then on, the women of Weizhuang had to hide when they saw Ah Q, like seeing a ghost. No one hires A Q as a short-term worker anymore. A Q's life entered a trough at one point. He had to leave Weizhuang and go to the city to mix.
After a while, A Q returned, and he brought many gorgeous clothes. His return immediately attracted the attention of the unsound people, and everyone became interested in him. Especially after seeing the many clothes he brought, he was stunned, and just when they were surprised, Ah Q's clothes had been snapped up. His full money bag once again attracted attention.
His former buddies had unanimously asked him to tell him what he had seen in the city. A Q was reluctant to reveal too much information and only spoke in part. At this time, one of his buddies had just returned from the city and talked to the people about the killing of the revolutionary party in the city. At this time, Ah Q interjected a lot of sentences in it, and revealed the scene of killing the revolutionary party and the fact that Bai Juren took 25 silver to the original local. This is in line with his character that loves to show.
When Mrs. Zhao felt that Ah Q's clothes were coming from the wrong way, he sent a messenger to "spy on military intelligence." That day, Ah Q was drunk and drunk, and as soon as he was happy, he revealed the truth of the matter. It turns out that the truth of the matter is this:
Since Ah Q was kicked out of Bai Ju's house, he was coaxed by several friends (actually thieves) to take Ah Q to a good place. As a result, they took Ah Q to a very rich man's house, and they stole a lot of clothes and let Ah Q take it first. As a result, they were discovered, and Ah Q rolled away all his clothes as soon as he was afraid. So he sold clothes along the way, and soon his pocket bulged.
After this matter was revealed, Ah Q could not continue to mix in Weizhuang. Soon things took a turn for the better as the revolutionary party entered the city. Ah Q also joined the Revolutionary Party and began to gain fame again. Later, Bai Juren and Zhao Gongzi actually became revolutionary parties, which surprised Ah Q, because Bai Juren was a person who had killed the revolutionary party, and Zhao Gongzi was a squire. That night A Q went to sleep and had a dream:
He dreamed that he saw many men in armor inviting him to join the revolution, and he readily agreed. They came to Weizhuang and saw The Zhao Grand Master, the Zhao Gongzi, the False Foreign Devil, Lady Zhao, the Pawnbroker, and the other Weizhuang people. They all knelt before themselves and asked for forgiveness. After reprimanding themselves, I want to pull them out and spank them, and ask to take off their pants and beat them again. He also saw Mama Wu and the little nun. Finally he saw the dog in the nunnery, and he was so frightened that he ran around until he climbed up to the pillar.
Because he is often oppressed, he wants to find an opportunity to oppress others, but he does not want to overthrow this system. In the end, Ah Q did not realize his dream in the dream, and it was impossible for a low-status person like Ah Q to achieve that wish at that time.
However, the good times did not last long, and then Mrs. Zhao's house was stolen, and the boxes of silver sent by Bai Juren were also stolen. Bai Juren demanded to recover the stolen goods, and Zhao Taiye had no way, he suddenly thought: Ah Q once stole others, and framed ah Q for stealing things. But the stolen goods could not be found in Ah Q's place, which caused Bai Juren to fall out with the police officer.
In the end, Ah Q was still doomed and was sentenced to death. Before his execution, in order to show his heroism and not fear of sacrifice, he only said one exciting sentence: "Twenty years later, he is a man again!" He died tragically.
From the final conclusion, it can be seen that a person like Ah Q is an ugly image of this ugly old society, he will not get the sympathy of others, he just blindly suffers, it is miserable and irreparable!
Page 5 Quotes
1. The applause of life can never stop? It always inspires people to pursue the nobility and perfection of the soul, and applause is more important than love and money.
2, the wind chimes of youth, blowing open the heart, the colorful flute of youth, blowing dreams, the notes of youth drive me to run to hope. Youth, this beautiful season, is the time for us to sow hope, cherish it, grasp it, and let it shine in our hands.
3. Some people say: Some victors are willing to fight like tigers and eagles, and he feels the joy of victory; If he were like a sheep, like a chicken, he would find victory boring.
4, love is a ray of sunshine in winter, dispelling the cold frost; Love is a drizzle after a long drought that moisturizes the cracked heart field; Love is the beacon of the heart, indicating the hope of the new life.
(To be continued)
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