Rudolph. Ivanovich. Abel (11 July 1903 – 15 November 1971), born William August Fisher in Newcastle, England, was one of the most famous Agents of the Soviet Union, active in World War II (Nazi Germany) and the Cold War (United States), proficient in 6 Chinese, good at photography, painting, music and literature, and was one of the most legendary spies in kgB history.
In 1927, Abel began his career as a spy. Once awarded the KGB colonel, he was good at disguise, proficient in espionage, known as the "Man with a Thousand Faces", he helped the Soviet Union win World War II victory, and helped build an atomic bomb to compete with the United States, known as the "contemporary ace spy".
In 1957, Abel was arrested by the FBI and sentenced to 30 years in prison in November for espionage.
At the end of May and the beginning of June 1957, according to the analysis of various circumstances, the KGB headquarters in Moscow continued to issue urgent warnings to Abel, informing him that Haikhanan (i.e., Abel's contact, Vic), had not returned to Moscow and instructing him to leave the United States using another set of identity documents. But Fisher (Abel), who has been in the spy world for more than thirty years and has made brilliant achievements, has forged a very strong self-confidence, and he has ignored Moscow's orders, and he has chosen to remain in the United States.
In the early morning of June 21, 1957, the incident that terminated his lurking finally took place. The FBI stormed into his place of residence, at a hotel on East 28th Street in New York. He was immediately sent to Texas by special plane for interrogation. After several days of fighting with the interrogators, Abel finally admitted that he was a Russian living in the United States under a false identity, and surprisingly, the "real name" that made the world's intelligence community thunderous was still a fake name. Abel, a name that has been particularly hated and thunderous in the American intelligence community, is the name of a deceased KGB colleague: Rudolf. Ivanovich. Abel.
Fisher knew that as soon as the KGB saw the name "Abel" in the headlines of American newspapers, it would immediately understand what was happening in the United States. It was the last time he sounded the alarm for his situation.
Abel was tried in the United States
Abel's arrest marked an extremely serious setback to the KGB's actions against its "main adversaries." At the beginning of the Cold War, the KGB's strategy in the United States was based on the establishment of a spy network that would be responsible for directing important spies, like the Philbys in Britain (Cambridge Five), and eventually, as during the Great Patriotic War, to infiltrate these spies into the upper echelons of the U.S. government. But after fisher (Abel)'s defeat, the KGB had no secret intelligence posts in the United States.
Later KGBs began to adopt more pragmatic goals accordingly, narrowing their tactics, trying to recreate the glory of the "Big Agent" era, and in the review, attributed the previous failures to a series of operational mistakes, and still vague in personnel.
The KGB's investigation into the Makayev (Harri), Brick (Hart) and Heikhanan (Vic) cases showed that it merely acknowledged serious problems in the selection of the first generation of post-Cold War agents.
Also one of the kgB's legendary spies, Philby
The KGB archives of Heikhanan (Vic) contained many alarming signs that were evident before he arrived in the United States in 1952. He was in debt in both the Soviet Union and Finland, had a record of borrowing money from others, and had complex gender relations. Although he was married while in the Soviet Union, he went on to finland with Hannah in Finland without reporting the KGB. Kurica got married and even took her to live in the United States.
When the Russian wife of Khahanan (Vic) received notice of her husband's defection, she divorced him immediately and began to use her pre-marriage surname, Moiseyeva.
As early as 1949, the KGB's Overseas Spy Dispatch Administration reported to the leadership of the Former Soviet Intelligence Committee, and the report on Haikhanan (Vic) covered up the flaws in his character, insisting that through training it was possible to correct Haiknan's (Vic) operational errors. It has been stated that, apparently, although Hehhanan (Vic) has been in trouble, the KGB still wants him to continue his intelligence work, regardless of what he does, because the KGB does not want to expose his actions. Because it was very difficult and time-consuming to retrain a man who replaced him, and because the KGB did not want to waste so much time and money spent on Haehran (Vic).
In 1957 the chairman of the KGB received a letter from a woman named Grytina asking about the whereabouts of Haehhanan (Vic). Claiming that Hahanan (Vic) was the father of her 12-year-old child. For Gretina, the woman who popped up out of nowhere, the KGB wasn't as honest with Moiseeva. The KGB told her that they had never hired Haikhanan (Vic) and did not know his whereabouts, but they had heard that Haehhanan (Vic) had committed an extremely serious crime in the former Soviet Union and that he was now being wanted by the police. Gretina said sadly that she would tell her children that his father had died in battle with the Germans during the Great Patriotic War.
In fact, Haehran (Vic) died in the United States in 1961. There are two ways to say it:
(1) Died in a car accident on a highway in Pennsylvania, USA.
(2) Death from cirrhosis of the liver.
On November 15, 1957, at the age of 55, Abel was sentenced to thirty years in prison. Abel showed "surprising composure" when he heard a sentence that actually amounted to life in prison for him. His American lawyer James. Donovan was surprised: "I was so impressed by the self-control of this calm professional spy. ”
American lawyer James. Donovan
Abel's wife, Yu Ilya, last saw her husband in the summer of 1955 when "Abel" returned to Moscow for a vacation. After hearing the verdict, Ilya did not hide her feelings like her husband did. She wrote to the KGB with great sorrow, saying, "It's not as simple as waiting 25 or 30 years, and I don't know if my husband will be able to come back to me."
She was a harpist of the Moscow Orchestra from 1950 to 1957, but when she wrote the above words because of her husband's arrest, the band dismissed her on the grounds that she no longer needed a harpist. The KGB then rejected Ilya's request to help her find another job, only agreeing to pay her a small monthly fixed pension.
Abel was sent to atlanta, Georgia, where he became good friends with two other KGB spies. He and Morton. Sobel plays chess. The $5,000 that Hachanan (Vic) embezzled was intended for Morton's wife.
A scene in a prison in the United States, the picture and text have nothing to do
In prison, Abel also got Kurt. Pontier gave him help. Pontier, an Australian-born American who works in a prison dental clinic, was sentenced to 15 years in prison in 1953 on charges of espionage while serving in U.S. forces in Australia. KGB files on Penjay show that Henjie had been a Soviet spy as early as 1936, but after his arrest, the KGB mistakenly believed that he was a double-sided spy, and that his arrest was a conspiracy created by the Americans to destroy the image of the Soviet Union in the Australian public eye. But Abel had no doubt that Ponjie was a true Soviet spy.
After returning to Moscow after being released from prison in 1962, Abel also tried to persuade the KGB to give Penge financial support.
Abel spent a little over four years in U.S. prisons.
On February 10, 1962, the United States and the Soviet Union met him with Gary, the pilot of an American U-2 aircraft shot down by the Soviet Union, on the Glienick Bridge connecting West Berlin and Potsdam. Bowers exchanged.
American U-2 pilot Francis Gary M. Powers
The KGB attached great importance to the exchange and gave it the code name "Rudenzia", which was led by Vladimir, the former director of the Ottawa Intelligence Station. Pavlovich. Bürkin was responsible for coordination. A KGB secret operations team was stationed in West Germany to monitor the movement of U.S. forces in the vicinity of the bridge. On the bridge, a KGB armed action group also lurked in the East German customs office. Nearby, in one place not visible from the western end of the bridge, another armed group escorted Bowles for an exchange. At a Soviet checkpoint, a specially trained officer of the former Soviet 105th Regiment commanded a squad of submachine gunners.
In addition, the East German side also prepared a reserve commando team composed of 20 soldiers armed with submachine guns and grenades.
Stills from the movie Bridge of Spies
This vast secret military deployment was barely discovered, and the KGB was deeply proud of it. Abel's lawyer was impressed by the American guards who accompanied his client to the bridge: "He was the tallest and most powerful man I had ever seen, 6 feet 7 inches tall and weighing 300 pounds. ”
Digression:
James. Donovan later went from lawyer to negotiator. In the 1960s "Bay of Pigs Incident" between the United States and Cuba, Donovan once again went out on the horse and took his children to Cuba to meet cuban leader Fidel Lopez. Castro talked many times, became close friends, and rescued more than 1,000 captured American soldiers.
Castro is with James
Back to the body:
After the exchange between Abel and Bowers, the Glinik Bridge became the famous "Agent Bridge" in the Cold War. According to the KGB's archives of Operation Rudenzia, their demilitarized expenses, including food for Abel and his wife and daughter, train tickets, hotel accommodation and other handling fees, plus a celebratory banquet, totaled 5,388 marks and 90 finnis.
Just Walter, the East German leader at the time. Ulbricht, however, was as satisfied with the success of the operation as the KGB.
On 15 February 1962, he complained to Soviet Ambassador Belwusin that his government had not been informed in detail about the operation and that there were no East German police among bowers' escorts, a disrespect for the sovereignty of the German Democratic Republic.
In addition to verbal protests, Ulbricht sent forward in writing a diplomatic note to the Soviet Union on this contempt for East German sovereignty.
He was former General Secretary of the Socialist Unionist Party of Germany and Chairman of the Council of State of the German Democratic Republic Walter V. Ulbricht
At this time in the United States, Abel's paintings and calligraphy became the target of collectors. The famous barrister and politician Robert M. Kennedy asked the Soviet Embassy to ask if Abel would give the U.S. government a portrait of his brother (U.S. President John F. Kennedy) that he had painted in at atlanta prison, and allowed them to hang the work in the White House. The KGB decided it was a conspiracy. They also see the hanging of Abel's work inside the White House as a provocative act. Although they do not know what the specific goal of this provocation is, Robert. Kennedy's request was denied.
American politician Robert. Kennedy
Finally back in Moscow, Abel was greeted in private but heroic manner, by kgB Chairman Vladimir Vladimir. Yefimovich. Shemichastney, Director General of the First General Directorate of the KGB (Foreign Intelligence Service), Alexander S. Mikhailovich. Sakharovsky, Minister of General Intelligence of the USSR Peter S. General Iwasukin received him one after another. At Semchasterny's prompting, Abel wrote to Khrushchev personally, thanking him for his efforts to ensure his release: "I am very touched that you are still concerned about me in the midst of your busy schedule of party and government work. ”
Chairman of the Presidium of the Security Council of the former USSR Vladimir Vladimir. Yefimovich. Shemichastner
In order to preserve its reputation, the KGB portrayed Abel's experience as a major victory for a loyal "Chekaite" and declared that Abel's mission was only prematurely terminated due to the defection of a spy.
At the same time, the American media also touted Abel as a heroic master agent, and the KGB also benefited greatly. In his 1964 book Strangers on the Bridge, Abel's defense attorneys described his performance at trial, imprisonment, and exchange with Bowers in an appreciative tone that reinforced the image of "Abel" secret service master. Donovan writes clearly in his book, "I admire Rudolph," and he quotes Allen, who was the director of the CIA from 1953 to 1961. Dulles's words: "I wish we could have three or four agents like him in Moscow now... At the end of Strangers on the Bridge, he encloses a letter Written to him by Abel from Moscow, with two precious copies of the Code of Justinian, written on vellum in the 16th century. Abel wrote: "Please accept it, thank you for all that you have done for me. ”
Mark Reirance won Best Supporting Actor at the 88th Academy Awards for his role as Abel
All of this, many of which were adapted to be released in the United States on October 16, 2015, directed by Steven Spielberg, Tom. Hanks, Amy. Lean, Aaron. Alda co-starred in the award-winning historical biopic "Bridge of Spies".
To the KGB, these words are like beautiful music. The myth of Secret Agent Master Abel whitewashes the KGB's own past of mistakes.
But with the passage of time, the hero also has a sense of doom. When Abel returned to Moscow, he experienced all the praise he could get, and then he was placed in a corner of the KGB's First General Directorate Secret Service, without even a desk of his own.
One day, when a friend asked him what he was doing, he replied sullenly, "I am an exhibit in the exhibition hall." ”
emir. Goldfuss (Abel) in His Studio Portrait in New York, his friend Burton. Silverman, 1958
Abel began training as a spy, passing on his decades of experience in intelligence to his juniors, many of whom joined the KGB because they were inspired by his exploits.
On November 15, 1971, Abel died of lung cancer in Moscow.