<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > preface</h1>
In our management of apple trees, there is a "rain and flood disease prevention, drought and insect prevention" saying, last year our Jiaodong area has been continuous drought, to the winter temperature has been high, in a warm winter state, very conducive to the occurrence of pests, so this year in the management of apple trees we will focus on strengthening the control of pests.
In view of this, I have considered focusing on observing the situation of overwintering pests in our apple orchard since the beginning of the winter last year, but there have been many things before the new year, dragged to the New Year, and then encountered the prevention and control of the new pneumonia epidemic, and the original plan to go to some places to see the plan finally failed, which is also a pity.
But fortunately, since the beginning of the first month, I have observed some orchards within the scope of our stay, a total of almost a month, about 50 orchards, taken some photos, and made some records, which I will share with you here. Due to the restrictions of conditions and personal ability level and other reasons, it is inevitable that there will be omissions or inaccuracies, just some personal opinions, but also some of the situations I have seen, I hope to be able to have some help for the production of fruit growers, today we will first understand the situation of The Japanese turtle wax bug.
Japanese turtle wax beetle on a pear tree
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the basic situation of the orchard where the Japanese turtle wax bug appears</h1>
I found a total of four orchards in the Japanese turtle wax bug, three of which are not very numerous, more scattered, while the other orchard, is relatively large, today we will mainly introduce this place where there are relatively many Japanese turtle wax bugs.
This is a Fuji orchard that is about 15 years old, a total of four rows of apple trees, in the middle of the apple tree planted a pear tree, that is, this pear tree appeared a large number of Japanese turtle wax bugs, and then with this pear tree as the center, the surrounding apple trees appeared in different numbers of Japanese turtle wax bugs in a radial shape.
Around this pear tree, a total of 11 Japanese turtle wax bugs were found on the apple trees, most of which were around this pear tree, and the farthest interval was 10 trees, and it was not found elsewhere in the garden.
In this orchard, there are more turtle wax bugs on pear trees, and many of them are on the surrounding apple trees
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > learn about the Japanese turtle wax bug</h1>
From the name we can see that the Japanese turtle wax borer belongs to a kind of mesenchymal insect, to be precise, it is an insect of the wax bug genus of the wax borer family, the reason why it is called the turtle wax bug, because its female adult has a very thick white wax shell on its back, this wax shell has a pattern like a turtle shell, the following picture is after I enlarged it, we can clearly see that it is like a small turtle that has been white lying on the branches, if you take them off the branches, you will see that the back of the wax shell is dark red.
In addition, according to the data, the physical characteristics of the eggs, nymphs, and male insects of the Japanese turtle wax beetle are as follows:
Eggs: oval, 0.2-0.3 mm long, initially pale orange-yellow and then purple-red.
Nymphs: the hatchery is 0.4 mm long, oval flattened, light reddish-brown, well-developed antennae and feet, off-white, with 1 pair of long hairs at the end of the abdomen. Wax filaments begin to be produced after 1 day of fixation, and wax shells are formed in 7-10 days, with 12-15 wax horns around it. Later wax shells thickened male and female morphological differentiation, males and female adults are similar, male wax shells are oblong oval, surrounded by 13 wax horns like stars.
Male pupa: fusiform, 1 mm long, brown, sexually prickly.
The front and back of the overwintering female adult of the Japanese turtle wax bug
I got to know, we still have some fruit farmers do not know this pest, this guy is a very powerful pest, all over the north and south of the river, north to Heilongjiang, Liaoning, south to Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, east to our Jiaodong, west to Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, as well as Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, including some provinces in the middle can see its traces, can be said to be not afraid of cold and heat, almost what kind of climate can also adapt.
Japanese turtle wax borer not only has a wide range of distribution, but also has a good appetite, according to the data, they can harm more than a hundred kinds of plants, such as apples, pears, peaches, apricots, hawthorns and other fruit trees here, roadside greenery common magnolia, holly, bauhinia, willow trees by the river, elms in the mountains, poplars They can be harmful, and even pine trees with a strong odor They will not let go, which is beyond the reach of many pests, and will also bring great difficulty to our control.
The Japanese turtle wax beetle can harm a variety of plants
The Japanese turtle wax borer only occurs once a year, and what we see now is their overwintering female adults, and when these fruit trees begin to sprout in the spring, they begin to move and harm, and in our Jiaodong area around the beginning of June, these female adults begin to lay eggs.
Don't look at them only one generation a year, this one overwintering female adult lays more than 1,000 eggs at a time, and when encountering a few powerful eggs, it can reach about 3,000 eggs, we can imagine if these wintering turtle wax bugs in this orchard are not eliminated in time, then what kind of situation will be in this orchard after they lay eggs.
After laying eggs, these eggs to go through more than 10 days of incubation period, after hatching is the nymph of the turtle wax bug, these nymphs hatch out to harm the young branches and some leaves of our fruit trees, sucking the sap of the fruit tree, can seriously endanger the growth of fruit trees, and they can also discharge honeydew, which breeds germs to produce coal pollution.
If the nymphs of these turtle wax bugs have not been eliminated, then by August, some of them will become males, and then begin to pupate from late August to September, and after 8 to 20 days or so, these pupae will become male adults. When they become male adults, there is only 1 to 5 days of life left, during this period, they can mate with female adults, and then die immediately, after the female adults are fertilized, wait until autumn, they will lie on the branches of the trees for the winter, and wait until the next year to continue to reproduce the harm, which is what we see now.
The honeydew emitted by turtle wax beetles can cause coal pollution in apples
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the control of The Turtle Wax Bug in Japan</h1>
The reason why the Japanese turtle wax beetle is placed in the first pest is because most of our fruit growers are now pruning apple trees, and the next step is to clear the garden, which is the best time to physically remove the Japanese turtle wax beetle. When we prune or clear the garden, we find the figure of the turtle wax bug, which can be directly removed, and the method is simple and the effect is good.
For the medicinal control of the Japanese turtle wax beetle, because its overwintering female adults have wax shell protection, the agent is difficult to penetrate, but the stone sulfur compound we use in the garden can also have a certain effect, but it must be penetrated. For orchards where The Japanese turtle wax bug occurs seriously, it can be controlled by spraying 48% chlorpyrifos 800 to 1000 times liquid during its nymph period.
The natural enemies of the Japanese turtle wax fly are ladybirds, grasshoppers, parasitic wasps, etc., which are precisely the natural enemies of pests such as astragalus, we should pay attention to protection in the usual management, and we can also purchase a certain number of natural enemies of pests to release in the park, which can play a certain role in auxiliary control.
Insects such as grasshoppers are natural enemies of turtle wax bugs and can be fully utilized
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > summary</h1>
According to my observation, in our orchards here, the number of Japanese turtle wax bugs is not very large, but we also have to pay attention to it, now is the key period to kill the overwintering female adults, we should pay more attention to the pruning of fruit trees and clear the garden, and see that the timely cleaning and elimination is much better than the effect of using insecticides in the future.