The main fruit crops harmed by yellow dragon disease are citrus, orange, orange, lemon, grapefruit, citrus and so on. The main wards in China are Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian, which occur in parts of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and other provinces, and the standing blight disease in Taiwan Province is also Huanglong disease. It is also a serious disease in Thailand, Vietnam, India, the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia, and the green fruit disease in Africa is also a yellow dragon disease.
So far, huanglongbing disease is still incurable, but doing a good job in prevention and control can indeed fight huanglongbing disease.
The following authentic international agricultural tourism xiaobian takes you to understand how the Guangdong citrus industry and Huanglong disease are "fighting wits and courage"!
How yellow dragon disease "is annihilated by a diseased tree."
Whole park"?
Yellow dragon disease, caused by a gram-negative bacterium that is parasitic within the phloem, is capable of infecting a variety of rue family including citrus, citrus, citrus, citrus and jiulixiang.
The causes of the harm of yellow dragon disease are first, seedling belt disease, second, insect (citrus psyllid) disease, and third, not cutting down trees (diseased plants). Usually, as long as one sapling in the park is infected with yellow dragon disease, the psyllid will quickly spread to all the saplings in the park and eventually die.
identify:
Huanglong disease bacteria belong to the gram-negative bacteria that cannot be cultivated in vitro, and the symptoms are mottled yellowing or uniform yellowing of the leaves or yellow shoots (the summer and autumn shoots are the most serious, followed by the spring shoots, the young trees are also affected in winter, and the symptoms are obvious from September to February of the following year) Red nose fruit, green nose fruit and other typical symptoms. Once citrus, navel oranges, etc. are infected with yellow dragon disease, they can only be cut down.
Second, Guangdong Province's new ideas for the prevention and treatment of yellow dragon disease
At present, the industry has been using the "three-plate axe" method of preventing and controlling Huanglong disease, that is, cutting down diseased trees, killing wood lice, and using disease-free seedlings, because it is difficult to organize the unified prevention and control, and the implementation of the "three-plate axe" often has many difficulties.
Since 1919, when Huanglong disease was first discovered in the Chaoshan area of Guangdong Province, by 2003, more than 40 million citrus trees had been cut down due to Huanglong disease in China, and citrus industrial areas such as Sihui and Huizhou Longmen in Guangdong had been eaten away by Huanglong disease. Its loss and prevention data are as follows:
To escort the prosperity of the citrus industry, Guangdong Province strictly regulates the breeding and quarantine of seedlings, actively carries out epidemic monitoring and early warning, and implements comprehensive prevention and control measures such as planting disease-free seedlings, digging out diseased plants in a timely manner, and unifying the prevention and control of citrus lice.
The main detailed prevention and control measures are as follows:
1. Start from the "seedling" to reduce the incidence of huanglongbing disease
With a container there is no disease in the seedlings
Refers to the insect-proof net room with nursery containers cultivated, grafted with disease-free propagation materials, and the size of ordinary open-field seedlings at least 2-3 years after planting in the nursery.
Increase quality varieties
According to the climate and geographical environment of Guangdong, new varieties such as Wo Mandarin, Maogu Mandarin, and Mokot were introduced to improve the resistance of fruit trees to Huanglongbing disease.
2. Start with the "root causes of transmission" and eliminate citrus psyllids
(1) Seize the key period, winter, before the new shoots are pumped, and the young tree stage.
(2) Both above and below ground are used in tandem, and the soil is applied every six months + monthly spray.
(3) Guiding pesticides combined with drip irrigation can be used in the plant to accumulate pesticides in a targeted manner to the pest sites. One drip irrigation is equivalent to four foliar sprays, and the effect can be maintained for at least one month. The characteristics of the transmission of the guided pesticide to the new shoots make the distribution of the pesticide consistent with the harmful parts of the psyllid, so as to achieve the effect of precise application and pest control.
(4) Destroy the living conditions of citrus psyllids
Limit the food of citrus psyllids: eradicate other citrus subfamily plants in the surrounding area: jiulixiang, yellow peel, wine disease, etc. (habitat and breeding place of psyllids); reduce pruning so as not to irritate the hair tips; single planting, so as not to have inconsistent pumping periods.
Protect citrus psyllid predators: such as jumping wasps, a variety of ladybirds (heterochromatic ladybird, hexagonal ladybird, double-banded plate ladybird, etc.), grasshoppers, etc., because these insects can prey on citrus wood lice.
(5) Eradicate pathogens, check diseased trees, and carry out annually, at least once every 2 months, once a month in autumn and winter, and find out and immediately eradicate diseased trees.
This article takes the prevention and control of yellow dragon disease in the citrus industry as an example, and at the same time, industries such as navel orange, lemon, grapefruit, and citrus can also be emulated, hoping that this article will help fruit farmers to prevent yellow dragon disease.
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