Efficient fattening technology for meat donkeys

As the saying goes: "Dragon meat in the sky, donkey meat in the ground". Donkey meat is a typical high-protein, low-fat meat food, which has won the praise of urban and rural consumers for its delicious taste, fragrant and not greasy characteristics. At the same time, donkey meat also has health care effects such as blood replenishment, qi, and deficiency, so raising meat donkeys has broad market prospects, which is one of the best ways for farmers to get rich at present and for a long time in the future. Farmers raising meat donkeys should mainly grasp the following five technical measures:

First, choose a good variety

1. Donkey breed selection

At present, China's meat donkeys are divided into three categories according to their physical size:

(1) Large donkey breeds: there are mainly Shaanxi Guanzhong donkeys, Shandong Dezhou donkeys (Bohai donkeys), etc., weighing 250 to 290 kg, and some breeding male donkeys can reach more than 350 kg.

(2) Medium-sized donkey breeds: there are mainly Shanxi Jinnan donkey, Guangling donkey, Henan Huaiyang donkey, Gansu Qingyang donkey, etc., weighing 220 to 250 kg, and some male donkeys can reach more than 300 kg.

(1) Small donkey breeds: there are mainly Henan donkeys, Shaanxi rolling sand donkeys, Inner Mongolia Kulun donkeys, Ningxia Xiji donkeys, Gansu Liangzhou donkeys, Sichuan donkeys, Yunnan donkeys, Tibetan donkeys, Liaoning donkeys, etc., weighing 160 to 220 kg. Some breeding male donkeys can reach more than 250 kg.

2. Selection of breeds of meat donkeys

Farmers raise meat donkeys best choose medium-sized donkeys, followed by large donkeys, and small donkeys are mostly used for making ejiao, and their meat can also be put on the market. In general, the native donkey is improved with a good breed of donkey, and the meat donkey cultivated with its hybrid offspring is the best choice. The selection of the breed of meat donkey mainly has the following three specific requirements:

(1) The growth and development should be fast, which can speed up the fattening process and improve the feeding efficiency.

(2) The body size should be large, how long the meat can be, and the slaughter utilization rate is high.

(3) The physique should be strong, the hooves should be small and solid, the disease resistance is strong, and the hereditary is good.

Second, strengthen the management of the fattening period of meat donkeys

Donkey houses should choose leeward, sunny, dry, warm and cool houses; And according to the age, physical condition, male and female, strength and weakness of the meat donkey to carry out trough feeding. No grazing or less grazing can be done to reduce feed consumption, which is conducive to rapid fattening and the fattening process of meat donkeys can generally be divided into two stages.

1. Adaptation period: The newly purchased meat donkey should first be dewormed, not castrated, and raised in slots according to the gender and weight of the meat donkey.

(1) The newborn meat donkey is trained from 15 days old to eat a thin porridge made of corn, wheat, and small picks, mixed with a little sugar, but it should not be fed too much, and can generally be used as a lure. Concentrate feeding starts from 10 grams per day, and then gradually increases, and after 22 days of age, it is fed 80 to 100 grams of mixed concentrate, and its formula is: soybean meal plus cotton kernel cake 50%, cornmeal 29%, wheat bran 20%, salt 1%. 1 month old each donkey is fed 100 to 200 grams a day; 2 months of age daily feeding 500 ~ 1000 g.

(2) Newly purchased adult donkeys or eliminated donkeys can be fed easy-to-digest dried, grass and bran first. After a few days of observation, after normal performance, the mixed feed is fed. The coarse materials are mainly cottonseed husks, corn straw flour, grain grass, pod skin or other kinds of green and hay; The concentrate is made with 50% of cottonseed cake (bean cake, peanut cake), 30% cornmeal (barley, millet), and 20% of bran (okara). When feeding, it is necessary to feed less diligently, drink enough water, and supplement salt in an appropriate amount.

2. Meat growth period: adult donkeys can also be fed mixed feed, and the coarse material is mainly cottonseed husks, corn stover, grain grass, pod skin or other kinds of green and hay; The concentrate is made with 50% of cottonseed cake (bean cake, peanut cake), 30% cornmeal (barley, millet), and 20% of bran (okara). The amount of daily sperm supplementation for young donkeys starts from 100 to 200 grams, and after 2 months of age, it is fed 500 to 1000 grams; After that, it increases month by month, and the daily feeding concentrate can reach 3.0 to 3.5 kg at the age of 9 months, and the total amount of concentrate consumed by the whole period of fattening of meat donkeys is about 500 kg. If the cottonseed is sautéed yellow or cooked until it swells and cracks. Each young donkey is fed 1000 grams a day, and the fattening effect is better;

Third, strengthen the management of the fattening period of meat donkeys

The fattening period of meat donkeys is generally 2 to 3 months. The main purpose of rearing at this stage is to promote the fullness of the meat of the donkey and the deposition of fat. The coarse materials are mainly cottonseed husks, corn straw flour, grain grass, pod skin or other kinds of green and hay; The concentrate is made of 50% of cottonseed cake (bean cake, peanut cake), 30% of cornmeal (barley, millet), and 20% of bran (okara), which can also be used to increase fattening:

1. Each donkey is dissolved in warm water with 100 free white sugar or 150 grams of brown sugar per day, so that the donkey can drink by itself for 10 to 20 days.

2. 250 grams of lard fresh leeks 1 kg, salt 10 grams, stir-fried feeding, once a day, even feeding for 7 days.

3. Fry the cottonseed until it expands and cracks, and feed 1 kg per donkey per day for 15 days.

It is worth noting that the addition of an appropriate amount of zinc in the fattening process can prevent hair removal and skin diseases. The meat donkey must be fed regularly and quantitatively, and fed 4 times a day in the morning, middle, evening and night. In spring and summer, it can be fed once more during the day; In autumn and winter, you can feed once less during the day. But be sure to feed 1 time at night.

Fourth, the four requirements for fattening of meat donkeys

1. Temperature requirements: During the fattening period of meat donkeys, it is necessary to pay attention to maintaining room temperature in the house. When it is cold, take appropriate thermal insulation measures, and try to let the donkey bask in the sun as much as possible to avoid excessive physical exertion due to cold; When the weather is hot, cool down appropriately in time and strengthen ventilation to prevent heat stroke or loss of appetite.

2. Proper exercise: During the fattening period of the meat donkey, ensure that the meat donkey has about 1 hour of exercise time every day. In case of rain or snow, you can do a light exercise in the fence with awning.

3. Brush the body of the donkey every day: Brush the body of the meat donkey 1 to 2 times a day. Brushing the donkey's body can stimulate the skin to promote blood circulation, enhance the movement of the body surface, and can drive away extracorporeal parasites such as lice and mites, and promote the health of the body surface.

4. Hygiene and disinfection: donkey order, feeding tank, sink daily cleaning, shabu-shabu cleaning; Donkey house feces should be removed regularly every day to keep the donkey house clean and hygienic; Disinfect the donkey house every 10 to 15 days with 3% Lysol to prevent disease.

5. Timely slaughtering

When the meat donkey meets the fattening standard, it must be slaughtered in time, so the slaughter rate is the highest. After the fattening period, the meat donkey grows slowly, the feed remuneration declines, and the feed-to-meat ratio decreases. The meat donkey should drink water without feeding 1 day before slaughtering, so that the meat donkey is in a hunger strike state, which can not only improve the meat quality of the meat donkey, but also save feed and slaughter time.

Welcome to pay attention to the country's first donkey WeChat public platform donkey encyclopedia WeChat: yanglvbaike