The "Tai" of the "Shijing, Xiaoya Nanshan Youtai" and the "Xiaoya, Duren" of "Tai Kasa Shu Pu", which is mostly interpreted as sedge in ancient times, and is mostly interpreted as 薹草 (台, 臺; Tongxue. Flora of China as "Xue". The following is a quote from an ancient book as a platform).
Erya Shicao: "Tai, Fusu." Guo Pu's note: The platform can be Yu Yu Kasa. The "Biography of Mao" says that Tai is therefore the summer, and the Kasa is therefore the rain. Zheng Xuan's "Biography of Mao's Poems": "Tai, Fu Su Ye." The people of the capital take the skin as the kasa and the silk cloth as the crown. ”
Sedge said. Lu Jie's "Mao Shi Grass and Wood Thin": "Tai, Fu Su." The old saying is that fusushi, sedge also, can be a sativa. "Metropolitan People" cloud 'Tai Kasa pick', or Yuntai grass has skin, firm and smooth, can be 簦 Kasa, Nanshan has many. ”
In modern plant taxonomy, the genus Sedge and Sedge belong to the two genera of the Sedge family. It is the plant Lu Jie who said that the grass and sedge can be understood differently: if the "sedge" in it is the sedge of the present, then the "tai kasa" of the platform is not the grass of the present; If the "Tai Kasa Pinch" refers to the present day of the grass (collectively referred to as the "tai"), then the "tai" of the "tai kasa pinch" is not the sedge of the present. My understanding is the latter (see below).
"Compendium of Materia Medica Sedge (Xiang Zhizi)" Interpretation: Sedge, also known as Water Sha, is the Hou Sha in "Erya", and a husband in the "Famous Doctor's Catalogue". And said, "Its grass can be a straw and a raincoat, sparse and not stained, so the word is from the grass from the sand." It is also used as a character for 蓑, because it is draped in clothes, such as the shape of a filial piety, so it is also named after moss, which is required by a lowly man. ”
The sedge mentioned in the Compendium of Materia Medica is now known as Kaoruko; What we now commonly call sedge refers to the water sedge of the sedge family. Sedges are taller and thicker than incense sticks, and are more common than incense sticks. What the ancients called "sedge" should also include water sedge.
Li Shizhen said that sedges in the "Famous Doctors' Catalogue" a "husband", is a hope for wen shengyi. The original text of "Famous Doctors' Records of Sedge Root" is: "Sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic." The Lord removes the heat in the chest and fills the fur. Long service is beneficial, good for qi, long beard eyebrows. A sage, a sha, in fact, a. Raw fields, harvested in February and August. It can be seen that the "Famous Doctors" does not say that sedge is a "husband". And what it says is that the sedge is "Erya" "薃, Housha, in fact, 媞", that is, incense appendages.
Grass said. "Ci hai xue": "Plant name." Also known as curved-billed grass, grass. It is a perennial herb with clumped stems, flattened triangular, banded leaves, and hard texture. The stems and leaves are used for the preparation of the stem and the kasa. Hanyu Da Zidian: "Grass." Generic terms for plants of the genus Spp.; Specifically refers to a species of this genus, the curved sac grass. "Explanation on the Internet:" Grass, a perennial herb with a clustered stem, flattened triangular shape, long leaves, light green-brown flower spikes, growing in swamps and paddy fields, and the leaves can be used to make coats or buckets. etc. The Commentary on the Present Translation of the Book of Poetry (by Yang Renzhi) :(tai)" is also known as Fusu. Swamp pond terrace grass, sedge family, perennial herb. The stems and leaves are the material for weaving mats and weaving coats. ”
The "Cihai", "Hanyu Da Zidian", "Shijing Jinjin Translation" and so on, such as curved-billed grass, curved sac grass, swamp pond grass, and grass, all refer to the modern botany of the sedge family Officinalis plants wrinkled fruit grass. The stalks are sharply triangular, 40–80 cm tall, and the striped leaves are several times longer than the stalks. It grows in wet, ditch-edge or swampy areas.
Wrinkled fruit grass can not be the "Nanshan Youtai" of the platform grass: First, although the leaves are longer, but softer, not smooth, it seems not suitable for weaving buckets and coats, and there is no mention of where this grass is used to weave rain gear; Second, this kind of grass stem is thinner, knotted, and has leaves on the stem, which is an ordinary grass, and its skin cannot be peeled, so it does not conform to Zheng Xuan's saying that "the skin of the mole is the kasa"; Third, this kind of grass does not have other names such as "Fusu", and in modern writing reference books and the Flora of China, it is not said that the crumpled fruit grass is the platform of the Book of Poetry and the Erya.
So, what kind of plant will the "platform" known as the "fusu" be?
I think of the "beard grass" that I played with when I was a child knitting a beard (beard). Bearded grass is just named rush grass (or wild rush grass). Rush grass is commonly known in some places as coat, Materia Medica books called dragon's whiskers, is a perennial herb of the rush family, the stem is clustered, upright, cylindrical, up to 1 meter tall, no nodes, the stem is full of white pulp heart. In ancient times, it was used for lighting lamps and candle hearts, and the stem skin fibers were long and flexible, and in ancient times, they were used to weave hats, coats, bed mats, etc. It grows in mountain streams, shady wetlands, shallow ravines and slopes along rivers. Wild rush grass is similar in form to rush grass, but it is thinner, 50-80 cm tall.
Rush grass is called "tiger whisker grass" in the "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Zong Yue: Shaanxi also has it." Steamed to dry, folded in the center of the white light, is called cooked grass; There are also those who do not steam, but raw dry peeling for raw grass. Shi Zhen said: This is the dragon whiskers and the like, but the dragon whiskers are tight and small and solid. This grass is slightly thicker and paler. The Wu people planted it, taking it as a lamp, and weaving mats and mats from grass. Li Shizhen said that "the dragon's whiskers are tight and small and solid" refers to the wild rushweed. It can be seen that rush grass was specially planted at that time.
The "Mao ShiJi" says "take the skin of the table as the kasa", and the "Biography of Mao" says "the tai so the summer", that is, the visor woven of the rush turf. Probably because the straw hat woven from the table leather is relatively light and beautiful, it has become a fashion of "capital people". Because the skin is thin and soft, the bucket knitted with it can only be used to shade the sun, and if the bucket is woven to cover the rain, it is necessary to use an unpeeled table, such as weaving mats or weaving rain gear, it is not necessarily skinned.
Conclusion: The "platform" of the "Poetry Classic, Xiaoya Nanshan Youtai" should refer to rush grass and wild rush; "Erya" "Tai, Fu Su", or a collective term for rush and wild rush.
