The key to agricultural modernization lies in the modernization of agricultural science and technology. In the past decade, the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress on the mainland has exceeded 61%. Aquaculture is an important area of agricultural scientific and technological innovation, and its development has greatly enriched the supply of "vegetable baskets".
"In the new era, we 'aquatic youth' are born in a prosperous world." Song Wei, a researcher at the East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, expressed such sentiments when he was invited to participate in the recording of the special program "Youth Says" of the People's Network.
"Aquatic Youth" Song Wei. Courtesy of respondents
"The more developed the country, the earlier the value of aquaculture production usually exceeds that of farming. Around 2015, the mainland achieved a cross-point between aquaculture and planting. Song Wei introduced that the total amount of aquatic products on the mainland has remained the world's first for more than 30 consecutive years, and it is an unquestionable fishing power and a global aquaculture industry center.
Deep-sea aquaculture is a scientific research topic that Song Wei focuses on.
Song Wei likes to be called "aquatic youth" by others, he said: "Since I have chosen the aquaculture profession, I must take root in my heart, have no distractions, and focus on the research and development of deep-sea aquaculture technology and models." ”
"At present, the mainland's offshore aquaculture capacity tends to be saturated, and the industrial structure is unreasonable." Song Wei said that marine aquaculture in the mainland is mainly concentrated in the coastal proximity, and the breeding facilities are mainly traditional cages, and the breeding method is generally extensive. At the same time, problems such as excessive aquaculture density, frequent occurrence of diseases and environmental degradation along the coast are becoming increasingly prominent. Therefore, promoting the expansion of marine aquaculture from the coastal coast to the deep sea is an inevitable choice to optimize the spatial layout of marine aquaculture and promote the transformation and upgrading of the marine aquaculture industry, and has great potential.
"The main objects of culture in the deep sea are fish, such as yellow croaker, cobia, grouper, Atlantic salmon, tuna, etc." Song Wei said that the giant yellow croaker is the main farmed fish species he is currently researching.
"The giant yellow croaker is an important marine economic fish unique to the mainland, with a golden body color, orange-red lips, tender flesh and rich nutrition, which is well received by the market." Song Wei introduced.
High quality yellow croaker on the market. Courtesy of respondents
Due to overfishing and other reasons, wild yellow croaker resources have been on the verge of depletion. With the unremitting efforts of mainland aquatic science and technology workers, the bottleneck of artificial seedling technology has been successfully broken through, and large-scale breeding of large yellow croaker has been realized.
Guaranteed quantity, the market put forward higher requirements for the quality of yellow croaker. Compared with wild yellow croaker, the general nearshore cage culture of large yellow croaker has a limited range of activities, prone to "bloated and obese" phenomenon, quality is difficult to be guaranteed, and market prices are difficult to break through.
In recent years, song Wei's far-reaching marine aquaculture equipment and engineering innovation team of the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences has built a "gym" for yellow croaker in the far-reaching sea to solve this problem.
The "gym" of the big yellow croaker - a large-scale engineered fence in the deep sea. Courtesy of respondents
"The large-scale engineering fence developed by our team in the deep sea, with smooth water exchange, large breeding area and wide space for fish activities, can create excellent conditions for the original ecological pastoral model of yellow croaker." Song Wei introduced that the large yellow croaker farmed in the facility, the body size is symmetrical, the body color is golden, so that the quality of the yellow croaker is closer to the original ecology, the taste is closer to the wild, the market price reaches 200 yuan to 400 yuan per kilogram, which is 5 times to 10 times that of the ordinary farmed yellow croaker.
"We have conducted systematic research on the technology and technology of large-scale fence culture of large-scale fences in the deep sea of yellow croaker, mainly including the cultivation of suitable sizes of seedlings, the transfer and release of seeds, the selection and feeding of feed, disease prevention and control, and daily monitoring and management." Song Wei said.
The big yellow croaker welcomes a bountiful harvest. Courtesy of respondents
Although the deep sea provides a wide space for the aquaculture fence and a good marine water quality environment, the deep sea is no more difficult than the offshore coast, facing difficulties such as large waves and typhoons in the aquaculture waters. If the aquaculture fence is damaged by the fence structure or the net coat is damaged and torn when it encounters a harsh environment, causing the fish in the fence to escape, it will bring huge economic losses. Aquaculture fences must be unbreakable.
To this end, the team carried out scientific research on the structural safety aspects of the wind and wave resistance and flow resistance of the deep sea aquaculture fence, such as numerical simulation of fence engineering, mechanical characteristics of pile structure, and hydrodynamic properties of mesh coatings, and finally designed a fence structure that can withstand the impact of strong waves.
"It turns out that the large aquaculture fence we designed for the deep sea has withstood these strong winds and huge waves." For example, Song Wei said that four large-scale aquaculture fences built in the waters off Dachen Island in Zhejiang Province have successfully resisted the test of many super typhoons along the southeast coast, and the winds in the nearby seas through which some typhoon centers pass have reached 12 and 13 levels, while the main structure of the fence is still intact afterwards.
The results developed by Song Wei and his team have been recognized by industry experts at home and abroad. In 2019, more than 20 representatives from China, Chile, Japan and other countries and international organizations such as the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) inspected the culture technology of large yellow croaker in the far-reaching sea aquaculture fence. Experts believe that this is a world-first "Chinese model" of far-reaching marine aquaculture.
Aquaculture fence under the vast sea. Courtesy of respondents
In recent years, Song Wei has presided over 16 projects such as the National Key R&D Program and obtained a number of international patents and national invention patents. Song Wei also edited the monograph "Green and Efficient Breeding Technology and Examples of Yellow Croaker", hoping that more people will understand and even participate in the breeding of Yellow Croaker.
After years of unremitting struggle, Song Wei has won many honors. He is not only a young top-notch talent in Shanghai, but also a hundred scientific and technological talents of the Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, and has also won 5 scientific and technological awards, including the second prize of the Marine Engineering Science and Technology Award and the first prize of the Shanghai Marine Science and Technology Progress Award.
"I hope that the work we have done will not only enrich everyone's table and help aquaculturists generate income, but also make the ecological environment of the sea a little better." At the recording scene, Song Wei said his wish.
Source: People's Daily News