Wen Zisheng's "Dressing Poem" Appreciation: "Tanabata Long River Rotten, Mid-Autumn Moonlight"
Text: Dead wood
"The Poetry of The Dressing"
【Nanbokucho】Atsuko Noboru
The autumn night in Chang'an City is long, and the beautiful Jinshi is yellow.
The incense pestle anvil knows the near and far, and the sound of the sound is desolate.
Tanabata long river rotten, Mid-Autumn Moonlight.
The fly is stopped waiting for geese, and the mandarin duck is upstairs looking at the wolf.
Tanabata is a traditional love festival in China, with an ancient and long history, the earliest originated from the pre-Qin period people's celestial worship, combined with the appearance of morning glory and Vega star for imagination, and gradually interpreted into a poignant love myth and legend, so it has become today's "Tanabata Festival".
There are many poems about Tanabata throughout the ages, and there are many good verses that have been praised throughout the ages, such as Bai Juyi's "Long Hate Song": "In the heavenly wish to be compared to the winged bird, in the earth wish to be a continuous branch; the heavens are long and sometimes exhausted, and this hatred is endless." "Du Mu's "Autumn Sunset", "The night is as cool as water, sitting and watching the morning glory Weaver Star", Qin Guan's "Queqiao Immortal, Qianyun Trick", "If the two loves are long, will they be in the twilight of the dynasty" and so on, today we select the Qixi poems of a famous poet of the Southern and Northern Dynasties for a little appreciation.
This poet's name was Wen Zisheng (495-547), the character Pengju, whose ancestral home was Taiyuan, whose grandfather moved to Jiyin (present-day Heze, Shandong), a descendant of the Jin Dynasty general Wen Zhao, the son of Shi Wenhui, the general of the Left General of Yanzhou, and one of the most famous literary poets during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. (The Seventy-third Biography of Wei Shu Liechuan, Wen Yuan, Wen Zisheng)
Wen Zisheng studied diligently when he was young, and he visited hundreds of homes, and in the early years (516) of emperor Xiaoming of Northern Wei, he participated in the selection of archery, with more than 800 people in the same test, and Wen Zisheng and Lu Zhongxuan, Sun Yu and twenty-four other people went to high school. At that time, those involved in the selection were not convinced, so the chief examiner Dongping Wang Yuankuang asked Wen Zisheng to deal with it, and all the people who came to argue were impressed by Wen Zisheng's talent and had to return home, so Wen Zisheng became famous in one fell swoop, and was made a royal history at the age of twenty-two.
Wen Zisheng (文子昇) was a member of the Northern Wei Dynasty, serving as a Zhongshu Sheren, a general of Zhennan, and a general of the Jin Ziguanglu Army, and was transferred to the posts of Chang Shi (常侍), a general of the Chinese army, and later led the Qi Prefecture Dazhongzheng (大中正) and other positions, and participated in the booby-trapping and killing of emperor Xiaozhuang of Northern Wei by the powerful ministers Erzhu Rong and Yuan Tianmu. In the fifth year of The Eastern Wei Dynasty (547), Yuan Jin rebelled, and Gao Cheng (Later Emperor Wenxiang of Northern Qi) suspected that Zisheng was complicit and imprisoned in Jinyang Prison, where he starved to death in prison.
Wen Zisheng is good at poetry and literature, and is well-known in the north and south. Emperor Xiao Yan of Liangwu called him "Cao Zhi and Lu Ji Fusheng", lamenting that none of the more than a hundred poets of the Liang Dynasty were inferior to Zi Sheng, and Yang Xia Taishou sent an envoy to Tuguhun, "Seeing that there are several volumes of books at the head of the bed of his lord, it is Zi Shengwen Ye." Wang Yuanhuiye of Jiyin County tasted: "Jiang Zuo Wenren, Song has Yan Yanzhi and Xie Lingyun, Liang has Shen Yue and Ren Fang, and my son is enough to ling Yan And Xie, including Ren Tu Shen." ”
Tang Zhang's "Chao Ye Yu Zai" records that Wen Zisheng once wrote the "Monument of Hanling Mountain Temple", and the southern and northern dynasties "the victory of the poor north and south" literary scholar poet Yu Xin was detained in the northern dynasty as an official, and the southerners asked "how is the scribe in the north?" The letter said: "Only a piece of stone on Hanling Mountain can speak together." Xue Daoheng and Lu Sidao shao dismantled the pen, and the donkey barked and barked. Later, he used the metaphor of "Hanling Tablet Stone" to rare American literature, which shows that Wen Zisheng had a strong influence on the literary circle at that time.
Wen Zisheng is the author of 35 volumes of "Wenbi" and 3 volumes of "Yong'an Ji", and this "Poem of Pounding Clothes" is one of his masterpieces, which is a poem describing the grievances of a woman in the autumn who misses her husband who is far away from the side of the plug, divided into two paragraphs, and we will briefly comment on the works.
"The autumn night in Chang'an City is long, and the beautiful Jinshi is pounding yellow." "Jinshi": a stone with a beautiful pattern, a beautiful stone, from Jin Luohan's "Xiangzhong Chronicle": "Hengshan has a jinshi, and it is written in a remarkable way"; "Flowing yellow": brownish yellow clothes, generally referring to clothing, specifically referring to silk, "Lefu Poetry Collection • Xianghe Song Lyrics Nine Encounter Line": "The great woman weaves Qiluo, and the middle woman weaves yellow". The sentence basically means: Autumn days are short and long nights, and in Chang'an City, beautiful young women are difficult to sleep and are pounding laundry on stones.
"The anvil of the incense pestle is far and near, and the sound is desolate." "Incense pestle": The good name of the clothes-pounding stick mallet comes from Han Ban Jieyu's "Pounding Vegetarian Endowment": "So throw the incense pestle and knock the anvil". "Anvil": A dressing stone with a beautiful pattern. From the sound of the anvil pestle coming from the hammer of the clothes stick, you can judge the distance; in the autumn night, the sound of the anvil pestle, one after another, makes people sound very desolate.
"Tanabata long river rotten, Mid-Autumn Moonlight". The next paragraph explains the reason for the desolation: how beautiful the autumn night is, tanabata looks at the galaxy brilliantly, and the mid-autumn moonlight is bright. I should have enjoyed such a beautiful view, but why do I feel desolate at night?
"The fly is desperately waiting for the goose, and the mandarin duck is looking up at the wolf." "Cockroach (yē wēng) plug": 蠮蠮螉 refers to the slender-waisted bee, and the cockroach is an alias of Juyongguan, also known as Junduguan. "Mandarin Duck Building" refers to the newlywed cave house. "Sirius" refers to sirius, which belongs to the constellation Canis majority. In ancient times, the Lord of The Lord invaded, Chu Ci Jiu Ge Dongjun: "Qingyun is dressed in white and neon clothes, and he raises a long arrow to shoot the wolf." Later, the "sirius" was used as a metaphor for the brutal invaders. The sentence is roughly to the effect that: because Zhengfu and Huannu are separated from each other, one is watching the northern geese flying south at the border pass, thinking of his hometown and missing his wife; the other is looking at the north from the upper floor of his home in Chang'an, worrying about the safety of his husband.
Wen Zisheng's poem describes the situation in which a Chang'an woman misses her husband far away, on the one hand, it has the gorgeous romance of southern dynasty poetry, with beautiful wording, such as incense pestles, anvils, brocade stones, and flowing yellow, and the beautiful depiction of the work of pounding clothes; on the other hand, there is the frankness and simplicity of the north, the stars and the moon are clean, far away, husband and wife, miss each other, but it is difficult to get together. The poignant grievances rendered by the poems of grievances have a long meaning and have a high artistic appeal.
2020/8/24 Elm Jai
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bibliography:
The Seventy-third Biography of Wei Shu Lie, Wen Yuan, Wen Zi Sheng Biography
"Northern History, Liechuan 71· Wenyuan"
Book of Chen, Book VI
"Asano Yuzai"