Wen Zisheng, one of the "three talents" of Wei and Jin, a caozhou man
The autumn night in Chang'an City is long, and the beautiful Jinshi is yellow.
The incense pestle anvil knows the near and far, and the sound of the sound is desolate.
Tanabata long river rotten, Mid-Autumn Moonlight.
The fly is stopped waiting for geese, and the mandarin duck is upstairs looking at the wolf.
This is one of the eleven poems left by Wen Zisheng, one of the "Three Talents" of Wei and Jin.
Wen Zisheng (495-547) was a famous writer of the Northern Wei Dynasty whose ancestral home was Taiyuan (present-day Taiyuan), and was a great general of the Chinese army. Wen Zisheng was a descendant of the Jin dynasty general Wen Zhao, and his father, Wen Hui, served as the left general of Yanzhou, Changshi, and performed the affairs of Jiyin County. At the beginning of the Northern Wei Dynasty Xiaoming Emperor, when the country selected resignation to supplement the post of imperial history, he ranked first among the 8,000 candidates, and became famous in one fell swoop, supplementing the imperial history, at the age of 22. His poems were on a par with those of the literary scholar Xing Xun of the time, and he was called Wen, Xing, and Wei (魏收) as the "Three Talents of the Northern Lands". At that time, Wang Yuanhui, the king of Jiyin, praised Wen Zisheng's poetry for surpassing the works of Xie Lingyun and Shen Yue of the Song Dynasty, and Emperor Wu of Liang in the Southern Dynasty also praised it: "Cao Zhi and Lu Ji were reborn in northern turkey. Wen Zisheng also had great military acumen, and was once appreciated by Emperor Xiaozhuang and Shangdang Wang Tianmu, and was named General Fubo, Attendant and Sheren, Golden Purple Guanglu Doctor, and later promoted to Scattered Horse Changshi and General of the Chinese Army. In 547 (the fifth year of Eastern Wei Wuding), Yuan Jin rebelled, and Gao Cheng suspected that Zisheng was complicit in conspiring to imprison him in Jinyang Prison. In the year of starvation in prison, 35 volumes of the "Writing" and 3 volumes of the "Yong'an Ji" were passed down to the world. The Ming Dynasty has the "Wen Shu Reading Collection".
In the literary history of northern Wei to northern Qi, Wen Zisheng was an accomplished and famous writer and poet. His poems were on a par with those of the literary scholar Xing Shao at the time, and he was called Wen, Xing, and Wei (魏收) as the "Three Talents of the Northern Lands". At that time, Wang Yuanhui, the king of Jiyin, praised Wen Zisheng's poetry for surpassing the works of Xie Lingyun and Shen Yue of the Liang Dynasty in the Song Dynasty. The poems he created were quenched to Jiangnan, and Emperor Wu of Liang was very knowledgeable about his writing, and said with deep emotion: "Cao Zhi and Lu Ji were reborn in the northern soil, hated me and resigned, and were poor hundreds and six." Yang Xia Shou sent Fu Dang on an envoy to Tuguhun and saw that there were several volumes of books on the head of the monarch's bed, all of which were works by Wen Zisheng. At that time, the literati gave a high evaluation to Wen Zisheng's literary achievements, and Wang Huiye said: "Jiang Zuo literati, Song has Yan Yanzhi and Xie Lingyun, Liang has Shen Yue, and my son Sheng is enough to ling Yan And Xie, including Ren Tu Shen." Yang Yan obeyed the "Treatise on WenDe", believing that ancient and modern writers were all negative and reckless, pouring thin and dangerous taboos, and only Xing Zicai, Wang Yuanjing, and Wen Zisheng were polite and virtuous. Sun Yanju, who commented on Wen Zisheng in the Biography of Beishi Wenyuan, said: "And since the lonely cold, depressed. Xian can be comprehensively harvested and prosperous, and xing belongs to the Qing. These words of praise of the ancients may be exaggerated and embellished, but they also reflect from one side that Wen Zisheng did have a great influence on the literary world at that time. Wen Zisheng's poems have not survived much, and they all have the imprint of imitating the Southern Dynasty in terms of form and technique. As a result, general literary historians often do not have a high estimate of Wen Zisheng's literary achievements, and do not attach much importance to the study of him. When it comes to Wen Zisheng, he only thinks that his poems are all imitating the southern dynasty customs, "although they are named after poetry, they have no characteristics." In fact, this kind of argument is inevitably one-sided. It should be noted that some of Wen Zisheng's works have their own characteristics. His poems are the most famous and artistic, with "The Poetry of Dressing clothes" as the most famous, which set a precedent for the Tang dynasty's grievance poetry. His "White Nose Snail" is similar to the "Song of the Musician of the King of Gaoyang" in the "LiangGuJiao Horizontal Blowing Song". Wang Yuanyong of Gaoyang was a late Northern Dynasty man, and the musicians may have sung folk songs or adapted according to folk songs. Wen Shi and "Song of Musicians" are both written about the gathering of rich teenagers in liquor stores. This kind of subject matter is extremely rare in Southern Dynasty poetry. His "Liangzhou Music Song" has two more innovative songs, such as the second one: "The road out of the Yumen Pass, the city solitaire Chengsaka." But things string song music, who road mountains and rivers far away. This poem is seen as a pleasure in the history of literature, showing a distinctive high-pitched and passionate spiritual outlook in the history of literature, and the unique appearance of Wen Zisheng's poetry can also be seen from it. Wen Zisheng's Xiaowen can preserve the style of Shen Yue and Ren Fang, who use few canons, do not survive and are convenient for use, unlike the popular "Xu Yu Body" Piao wen in the Southern Dynasty, which is too restrictive. For example, Wen Zisheng's "Hanlingshan Temple Stele", if compared with some of Yu Xin's inscriptions, is indeed written smoothly and concisely.