Saltwater fish
shark
【Different Names】Mackerel ("Shan Hai Jing"), Vinegar Fish ("Linhai Sea Soil Alien Chronicle"), Bird ("Guwenyuan"), Hebo Jian'er ("Youyang Miscellaneous Sister"), Sand Fish, Pit Viper ("Materia Medica"), Jewel Thunder Fish ("Nanyue Zhi"), Slippery Fish ("Compendium of Materia Medica"), Sand ("MinzhongHai Wrong"),Pearl Fish ("Ran Rhinoceros"), Shark ("Medical Forest Compilation").
【Original Creature】
It is a common name for the vertebrate phylum Ichthyosaurs. It is a cartilaginous fish, generally spindle-shaped. With scales. 5 to 7 gill fissures on each side, 1 to 2 dorsal fins; Developed caudal fins; Crooked; The fins sometimes disappear. Marine, a few species also enter freshwater. Carnivorous. There are many family genera.
【Brief History】
Ancient has been eaten. It was first mentioned in the Classic of Mountains and Seas. Subsequently, the Three Kingdoms " Linhai Soil Alien Chronicle " also recorded , and has mentioned "tiger vinegar" (tiger shark). The Jin Dynasty's "Anthology of Literature and Nandufu" has the sentence "electric suspension fish". By the Tang Dynasty, there were shark skin wrapping and decorating objects, which were found in the "Tang Materia Medica" and Li Bai's poems. The Song Dynasty "Bencao Tujing" has an account of its flavor: "There are two kinds of sand fish, the largest and long beak like a saw (Note: saw sharks and the like), called Hu sha, good sex and beautiful flesh; Those who are small and thick-skinned, known as white sand, have strong flesh and are slightly poisonous. Both are salt for the sake of preserving. Its skin is scraped to remove sand and cut into a shred, which is beneficial to the beauty of food. The "Compendium of Materia Medica" says that sharks "taste and are fat, and the southerners cherish it." The Qing Dynasty's "Dietary Recipes for Living with Rest" pointed out that its meat was "very beneficial to people". Because of its coarse meat, it is only eaten by the people or used as a food.
【Categories and Specialties】
There are about 70 species of sharks (also said to be more than 90 species) produced along the coast of China. Commonly seen are the following species: Carcharhinus s or rah (also known as the true shark of the family Sala), which is 1 to 4 meters long. The head is wide and flat. The eyes are round. The gill holes are medium to large. The water hole disappears. Oviparous or fetal. Common ones are C.men is or rah, Cla tish tom us, and so on. Must el us man azo (also known as sharpie, star-spotted, star-spotted, and white-spotted sharks) of the family Wrinkled Lip Shark. The sides of the dorsal body are grayish brown and the rubber surface is white. Each fin is brown with pale edges. There are many white spots along and above the lateral line. The body length generally does not exceed 1 meter. Ovoviviparous. It is produced in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea, and is rare in the South China Sea. The same genus also includes the grey star shark (M. griseus, grey shark, gray skin shark), no white spots, fetal, distributed in the South China Sea, east China Sea. Tria kiss cyl lium (also known as the Nine Hoops). The body is longer, the anterior part is coarser, and the posterior part is smaller. The head is broad and flattened, and the tail is slender. Generally, the body length is more than 1 meter. The mouth is broad and shallowly curved, with well-developed lip folds. The body is grayish-brown with purple tinges, with more than 10 dark brown stripes and irregular black spots on the stripes. The ventral surface is white. Each fin is brown with black spots. Produced on the coast of China.
True sharks
In the family Porbeagle sharks are the Grey Urus glaucus (also known as the lyresh
Rat Shark). The body is spindle-shaped, the torso is thick, and the tail and head are gradually smaller and thinner, and the body length is more than 4 meters. The snout is long and pointed. The caudal fin is wide and the caudal axis is upturned in a forked caudal spine. The body is cyan and the underside and ventral surface are white. Ovoviviparous. China is distributed in the South China Sea and the East China Sea. In the family Hammerhead sharks are Sphyrna lewin i (also known as Lu's Hammerhead Shark, Xianggong Hat, T-shaped Shark, and Official Shark). The body is elongated, flattened and high on the sides, generally about 1 meter long. The head is flattened and extends on both sides of the front, forming a fan-like protrusion. The tail side is flattened. The back is grey, the ventral surface is slightly pale, and the fins are pale grey. Also in this genus is the hammerhead hammerhead shark (S.zy ga en a), with a central convexity at the leading edge of the head. It is more distributed along the southern coast. The family Squalus acanthias (also known as spiny sharks and file sharks) are found in the family Squalus acanthias. The body is small. The head is flattened. The tail is slender. The body length is about 1 meter. The dorsal and upper sides of the body are greyish brown with white spots. China is found in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. The same genus is the alligator shark (S. brevirostris), the application is the same. In the family Chiloscylliumplagio-sum , also known as dog sharks and canine sharks . The body is elongated, the anterior part is slightly wider and flattened, and the body length is about 1 meter. The tail is slender. The head is long, slightly flattened, and resembles a dog's head. The body has round or ovoid white or pale spots. China is found in the East and South China Seas.
porbeagle
In the family Basking family there are basking sharks (Cet or h in us maximus, also known as rat sharks, montagle sharks, and Ang sharks). The body is spindle-shaped, the thickest in the middle, and the anterior and posterior parts are gradually narrower. The tail stalk has protrusions on each side. The caudal fin is forked. The body is greyish brown and the ventral surface is white. It is generally 12 to 15 meters long and weighs 3000 to 4000 kg. Swarms migrate between the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea. In addition, there are cone-toothed sharks (Carcharias owston i, also known as white catfish), Harrah sharks (Not or yn ch us platy cephalus, also known as flower lamprey sharks), man-eating sharks (Carcharodon carcharias, also known as steel bream), long-tailed sharks (A lopi as vul pinus), whale sharks (Rhin codon typus, also known as large sharks, tofu sharks), and fluffy sharks (also known as large sharks and tofu sharks). Cephalocylliumumbratile), Hala eluruburger i, Squat in a japonica, also known as the lute shark, etc., are all edible.
【Quality and Identification】
Sharks are not susceptible to external infections due to their rough sand skin protection, and the process of decay and deterioration is slow. General freshness is better, the appearance color is fresh, the gloss reflects well, the gill hole mucus is slippery, transparent and odorless. Inferior in quality, the color is gray and dull, the gill holes are brownish purple in color, the mucus is cloudy and smelly.
【Cooking Application】
Braised shark skin
The quality of shark flesh varies depending on the species, some are better (such as gray star sharks, white spotted star sharks, etc.) and some are poor (such as basking sharks, etc.). But they are the same as "red tanks", with the smell of ammonia. Before cooking, it should be deammonia treatment: first peel or remove sand, then cut the meat into pieces, blanch or boil it with boiling water at 80 to 90 ° C, and then soak it in water for half an hour. If vinegar is added to the water (the proportion is 5%), the deamination effect is better, and it is advisable to cook the cooking method that heats for a long time, such as burning, boiling, stewing, simmering, etc., and can also be fried and boiled. It is mostly used in household dishes, and young and tender meat can also be used for feast dishes after fine processing. Dishes such as "red braised shark chunks", "sauce roasted shark chunks", "sweet and sour shark chunks", "fried shark segments", "soft fried shark strips", "cabbage shark", "goji tomato shark slices" and so on. Shark meat is also used to make puree, processed into fish balls, fish cakes and then into dishes, or as fillings; It can also be used to make fish sausages and so on. Shark meat can also be made into spiced fish breast and other foods, fish fins can be used to make shark fins, skin can be made of fish skin, snouts can be made of fish lips, bone can be made of bone, all belong to the precious sea treasures. Shark liver can be used to extract cod liver oil
shark fin