The hot summer has arrived, and it is reported that more than 60% of the people with heat stroke are elderly, and the physical characteristics of the elderly determine that they are prone to heat stroke in the summer and are not easy to be detected.
The function of various organs of the human body decreases and degrades with age, the stability of the internal environment is imbalanced, the body's adaptability to environmental changes is reduced, and its resistance is reduced, thereby reducing its adaptability to high heat.
According to expert research, the elderly with heart disease have reduced cardiac reserves and sweat gland function, and it is difficult for the body to dissipate heat; In addition, most elderly patients with cardiovascular disease take diuretics, and the body is easily lost in water, and they are particularly susceptible to heat stroke due to the influence of hot weather.
And because the elderly are sluggish due to thirst and other sensations, it is often difficult to find themselves dehydrated, so it is easier to be dehydrated and more likely to suffer from heat stroke.
In addition, many elderly people live frugally or are afraid of colds and other reasons, even if the weather is hot, do not like to open the air conditioning, and because of the avoidance of too much night, often dare not drink more water, so sleep in higher temperatures, the risk of heat stroke is greater, even if sometimes not in the hot outdoors, heat stroke symptoms will occur.
Secondly, the elderly heat stroke has the characteristics of identification difficulties, the elderly have long-term cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, early heat stroke panic, chest tightness, often associated with coronary heart disease symptoms such as angina, arrhythmia is difficult to identify, or dizziness, nausea and other symptoms, and cerebral blood supply, hypertension and other symptoms are difficult to distinguish.
Elevated body temperature during heat stroke should be distinguished from general infectious fever. If the elderly have severe symptoms of heat stroke, such as fine pulse, pale face, fainting, confusion, cold and damp skin and delirium, etc., they should also be distinguished from acute myocardial infarction, acute stroke and other acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events commonly found in the elderly population.
At this time, it is necessary for the family to find out in time, make early judgment in time, and seek medical treatment in time so as not to delay rescue and treatment.
Finally, the complications after heat stroke in the elderly are many and serious, the mortality rate is high, and the elderly have a greater impact on the function of various organs due to changes in the structure of various organs and the decline of function and the existence of existing chronic diseases.
It is easy to cause shock, heart failure, serious infection, cerebral edema, pulmonary edema, electrolyte disorders and metabolic acidosis, acute renal failure, jaundice and liver function damage, DIC and other serious complications.
The fatality rate of severe heat stroke in the elderly is as high as 20% to 60%, and the case fatality rate of people over 90 years old is close to 100%.
Combined with the above characteristics of heat stroke in the elderly, in the summer, early prevention and early detection of heat stroke in the elderly should be fully valued and paid attention to by the elderly escorts, family members and medical staff.
01
Proper hydration: Hydration is added in this way, adding 40 grams of granulated sugar and 3 grams of salt to 1 liter of water can make a rehydration solution that both replenishes water and salt. Since this sugar saline is easier to replenish body fluids, even if it is drunk before going to bed, it will not lead to an increase in the number of times the elderly get up at night.
02
Note that the elderly are alone at home, caregivers and the elderly should pay attention to the following changes in physical conditions: high fever (more than 39.4 ° C), dry skin (no sweat), redness and fever, pulse fast and strong, pale face, fainting, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, headache, and even confusion, cold and damp skin and confusion.
03
Summer often prepare anti-heat medicine: Huoxiang Zhengqi can dissipate heat and relieve heat, detoxification and impurity. Ren Dan can enlighten the mind, clear the heat and dispel the heat, detoxify and dispel impurities. Cool oil, wind oil essence to refresh the mind, invigorate blood swelling, analgesia and itching. Ten drops of water are mainly used for summer heat stroke, dizziness and headache, nausea and vomiting, bloating and diarrhea. June 1st is the main treatment for summer heat stroke, physical irritability, thirst, yellow or burning urine. Elderly people should see the instructions before taking.
Simple pre-hospital first aid measures after heat stroke:
Bring the patient to a cool place to lie down or open to reduce the temperature in the room, and untie the collar and cuffs that are too tight.
In the case of clear consciousness, supplement light salt water and oral anti-heat cooling proprietary Chinese medicine.
Physical methods such as cooling the body with a wet towel, ice packs, ice cubes, fans, etc.
Elevating the patient's foot facilitates venous return and prevents a state of shock.
If the condition is serious, take it to the hospital immediately.
Health education on summer heat stroke prevention for the elderly and caregivers:
In hot weather, you can wipe your body with a cool towel; Wrap ice cubes in a towel and rub over your wrists, face and neck.
Eat a light diet and drink plenty of water. Dress loosely and absorb water.
Stay away from the heat and rest in a comfortable and cool place; Hot cities are best spent in an air-conditioned environment to avoid strenuous exercise and heavy sweating.
Open windows frequently to keep the air circulating indoors.
Summer work and rest time is different from winter, in the summer afternoon it is best to take a nap, which can play an important role in eliminating fatigue. As well as the usual treatment of chronic diseases of the elderly, to ensure the stability of chronic diseases and a comfortable mood.