After Rupert's Tears became famous for its hardness, more and more people wanted to know how hard it really was, so testers tested it in different ways.
Rupert's Tears
Under the weight of more than a dozen tons, under the strafing of bullets, Rupert's tears still maintained a firm posture. Just when people thought that Rupert's tears could not be broken, the variable appeared - a person crushed Rupert's tears with only his fingers!
"Broken Rupert's Tears"
This incident caused an uproar, and many people thought that the person who crushed Rupert's tears must be born with divine power, but after more and more people could crush Rupert's tears with their bare hands, this rumor was self-defeating. Why would such hard Rupert's tears succumb to his fingers? What makes such a big contrast?
Rupert's Tears
The essence of Rupert's Tears is ordinary glass. Prince Rupert of the Rhine melted the glass with high temperatures, allowing it to sag naturally with gravity until it dripped into the ice water and solidified, forming a tear-like glasswork. After Prince Rupert gave the glasswork as a gift to King Charles II of England, it caused charles II's anger.
The essence of Rupert's Tears is ordinary glass.
Charles II believed that Prince Rupert's mere delivery of glass products in the age of glass was clearly a sign of contempt for him. But just as Charles II swept the glass to the ground, a surprising phenomenon occurred: the glass was not damaged at all, and the ground was smashed out of small pits.
The people were amazed at the hardness of the gift, and Charles II put away his anger. The hard glass shattered the perception of the fragility of glass, and since then the name of Prince Rupert has been given the name of Prince Rupert because of the glass products that look like tears, and The tears of Rupert are also famous for their hardness.
Rupert's Tears
However, such a hard glass product was cracked by accidentally pinching the slender tail when the nobles were playing with it. This has attracted countless scientists to join the research that demystifies Rupert's tears. But hundreds of years later, scientists have never been able to find the cause of such a contrast between Rupert's tears. With the passage of time, many people jokingly called Rupert's Tears the tears of a witch, but is this really the case?
Hard "tears"
400 years ago, people did not master advanced technology, and could only test the hardness of Rupert's tears by pounding, colliding, etc. But Rupert's tears remained intact under the hammer, and a small pit appeared on the hammer, which aroused the curiosity of scientists.
The formation of Rupert's Tears
With the development of technology, people have taken more and more ways to test the hardness of Rupert's Tears. Among the many experiments, there is an experiment that attracts people's attention: a foreign friend tested the hardness of the "Rupert's Tears" with bullets, he shot Rupert's Tears with a lead bullet, and when the two collided, the material shattered, but surprisingly, the broken material was a bullet, and the Rupert's Tears were unscathed, which once again refreshed people's understanding of the fragility of glass.
Shoot Rupert's Tears with a bullet
Of course, the hardness of Rupert's tears is limited, under the pounding of a hammer weighing 10 tons, Rupert's tears finally broke, and many testers used various tools to break this hard "tear".
In the 1990s, scientists finally unraveled the mystery of Rupert's Tears. They made Rupert's Tears in the same way as Prince Rupert. In the process, they discover the secret of the hardness of Rupert's Tears.
Strike Rupert's tears with a hammer
The main component of glass is silica, scientists use high temperature to melt the glass, the glass dripped into the ice water prepared in advance, the surface of the glass is quickly re-transformed into a solid by low temperature. Over time, the liquid glass inside the shell also begins to transform in the direction of solid state.
As we all know, the object will always expand and contract, and when the liquid glass is cold and shrinks, it will pull the shell that is first cooled to shrink inward, and the glass shell will be under pressure to go in. The force is mutual, and the glass surface is subjected to internal pressure at the same time, but also gives the glass inside a pull.
"Thermal expansion and contraction"
During the process of glass cooling, the pressure and tension gradually become balanced. The molecular structure of the glass is pulled by the force, which gradually reduces the gap between the molecules, and the glass becomes harder. This is the secret of The Hardness of Rupert's Tears.
Fragile tears
There is no perfect substance in the world, and the incomparably hard Tears of Rupert also have its weaknesses—the slender little tail behind it. 400 years ago, foreign nobles were particularly fond of playing with Rupert's Tears, and a nobleman unconsciously increased his strength when he pinched the tail of Rupert's Tears.
Something surprising happened, the incomparably hard Rupert Tears began to burst from the tail, and then the crack spread to the head, and the entire Rupert Tears exploded. At first, people were amazed at the strength of the nobleman, but after more and more people pinched the small tail and caused Rupert's tears to burst, it was discovered that the weakness of the hard Rupert's tears was its slender tail.
Why would Rupert's tears, which were so hard and incorruptible that no bullet could be broken, shattered to pieces by a slender little tail? Thanks to the persistent research of scientists, the answer surfaced.
The thinner most glasswork is, the easier it is to break, and the Shape of Rupert's Tears resembles a small tadpole, with a large head and a slender tail, so the tail of Rupert's Tears is more fragile than the head.
During the cooling of Rupert's Tears, the head is thicker, the internal pressure is greater, and the distribution of silica molecules is more dense. The tail of Rupert's tears is thin and long, the rate of cooling and solidification is relatively fast, the internal pressure of the tail is also small, and the molecular arrangement structure of silica is naturally not tight without the head, which is easier to break.
All glass, including Rupert's Tears, produces a large number of micro-cracks during the formation process. The structure of Rupert's tear head and tail makes the internal and external pressures of its various parts unbalanced, and the distribution of micro-cracks is different.
When the tail of Rupert's tear was squeezed hard, the new external pressure broke the balance, and the micro-crack in the tail became larger and spread to the entire Rupert tear, and the rupert tear began to rupture from the tail. This principle is also known as the "crack propagation" principle, and the mysterious veil of Rupert's Tears has been completely unraveled.
Derivation of Rupert's Tears
Who would have thought that the weakness of Rupert's tears, who was not afraid of bullets and pounding, would be a slender little tail? Many intelligent merchants seize the business opportunity to make a piece of jewelry with excellent meaning and represent love - they themselves are not urged, and they only want to leave the only weakness to you.
This implies that love is as strong as the head of Rupert's tears and cannot be destroyed by external forces, but love is the only weakness in this strong relationship, and only by being firm with each other can love be long-lasting.
In addition, many manufacturers have produced tempered glass with excellent stability based on Rupert's Tears. They melted a whole piece of ordinary glass into a plane with high temperature, and then used the sprinkler head to spray the high-pressure cold air evenly and quickly to the melted glass, so that it quickly cooled down.
toughened glass
The glass began to cool and solidify from the outside to the inside, and the evolution of internal and external pressures was like Rupert's tears, and eventually gradually balanced. Therefore, the silica molecules of tempered glass are arranged more compactly than ordinary glass, and the stability and safety of tempered glass are also improved.
With the development of the times, the rare Tears of Rupert, which was once only played by foreign aristocrats, have become the tempered glass that can be seen everywhere, and we often see it in construction, furniture, home appliance manufacturing, electronic instruments and other industries.
"Glass Boardwalk"
What did you get?
After a long period of research, scientists have solved the mysterious veil of Rupert's tears, and manufacturers have exerted subjective initiative to produce tempered glass that benefits society on the principle of Rupert's tears. In the process, we found that even fragile glass-like substances can be reborn after high temperatures and sudden colds.
Rupert's Tears
Without a cold bone, how can plum blossoms be fragrant? When we face all kinds of tribulations in life, we must also strengthen the belief that "the heavens will send down a great task to the Slovak people, and they must first suffer their hearts." Constantly improve their ability to withstand pressure and constantly exert their subjective initiative. Constantly improve ourselves in the midst of repeated tribulations, and strive to create a wonderful life worthy of ourselves, the times, and the motherland.