Dayu's father, Cang, built an embankment to block the flood
During the reign of Emperor Yao of the Ancients, the climate warmed and the ice and snow melted, resulting in a rapid rise in sea level and the inversion of seawater. The ancient Yellow River was diverted to the sea, the Huai River silted up, and the surging flood flooded the Huai and Si river basins. The sea is flowing and the flood is flooding, and the area west of Mount Tai to the south to northern Jiangsu has become a vast ocean, and all things in heaven and earth have sunk and floated in the monstrous flood. The Shang Shu Yao Dian describes: "The tang and tang floods are cut in all directions, and the Xiangling Tombs in huaishan are swept away, and the vast and monstrous heavens are great. ”
Farmland was submerged, houses were destroyed, people were displaced and homeless, and in order to avoid obsolescence, they had to use wood as boats and move up the hill mounds. Due to the flood, the life of the people on the ground was extremely difficult, and normal production and life could not be carried out, so Di Yao wanted to find a capable minister who could control the flood. Emperor Yao said, "Oh, Four Peaks, Tang Tang flood, Hao Hao Huai Mountain Xiang Ling, the people are worried, there is a ruler who can make the ruler?" "It's all called carp." However, Di Yao felt that The carp was grumpy and not suitable for water treatment, but there was no other more suitable candidate at that time, and it was a top priority to control the flood, so Yao decided to let the carp try it.
鲧 [gǔn], also known as 鮌, zi xi, is the son of 颛顼, ju Yu Chong, called You Chongshi, also known as Chongbo; Cang is also Dayu's father. The carp was recommended by The Four Mountains and began to treat the water. The carp began to control the water by building an embankment to block the water, and used the method of setting up a river embankment on the shore to block the water, although it was able to alleviate the flooding of the Central Plains, but the flood was more and more submerged, and it still failed to completely calm the flood disaster after nine years. As a result, The carp was banished to Hayama and died.
Da Yu ruled the water, three times through the door and did not enter
After Emperor Shun succeeded to the throne, he appointed Cang's son Dayu zhishui. Yu was saddened by his father's "failure to succeed in his work", so he worked hard and vowed to cure the flood. Dayu summed up his father's experience in water control and the reasons for his failure, and formulated a practical plan: on the one hand, to strengthen and continue to build the embankment, on the other hand, to use the method of "diversion" to eradicate the flood.
After Dayu took the order, he took Bo Yi, Gao Tao, and others to survey the terrain and water conditions to find the reason for the failure of the previous water treatment. After getting married, Dayu only stayed at home for four days before returning to work, working outside for thirteen years, passing through the house three times without entering, and not even looking at the birth of his son.
Yu took the ruler, rope and other measuring tools to the main mountains and rivers in China for a rigorous investigation. He led the people to wade through mountains and rivers, traced the source of the Yellow River upwards, and made a rigorous investigation of the upper and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the eastern part of Hebei, the eastern part of Henan, the western and southern parts of shandong, the north of the Huai River, and the main mountains and rivers of China. During this expedition, he found that in addition to the main channel of the Yellow River, there are many branches flowing elsewhere. In noteworthy places, he piled up stones or cut down trees as a marker so that he could refer to it when curing water.
At that time, the weather was harsh, the tools they carried with them were very backward, and each expedition was very difficult and thrilling. Once, Dayu led his men to the southern outskirts of Luoyang, Henan, where there was a high mountain, which belonged to the remnants of the Qinling Mountains and continued to the Zhongyue Song Mountain, with strange peaks, like a natural barrier running east-west. There is a natural gap in the middle of the mountain, and a trickle of trickles flows gently through the gap. Suddenly, lightning flashed and thundered, a fierce storm came in an instant, and a flash flood broke out, and the roaring flood flooded and swept away many of their companions.
After the inspection, Dayu made a serious study of the water situation, believing that his father's method of "blocking" was not feasible, and the Longmen Pass was too narrow to pass through the flood season; It was also found that the Yellow River was silted up and the flow of water was not smooth. So Yu made a bold move and changed "blocking" to "sparse". It is to dredge the river channel and widen the gap so that the flood can pass faster. Yu adopted the water control idea that "to control water, it must be smooth, the water nature is down, and it is led into the sea", "it is chiseled at the high place, and it is channeled at the low place". According to the priorities, a sequence of governance was established, starting with the areas around the capital and then expanding to other places.
Dayu Zhishui pays attention to wisdom, such as the longmen mountain in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. Longmen Mountain is on the north side of Liangshan, dayu led the Yellow River water out of Jishi Mountain in Gansu, and when the water was channeled to Liangshan, it was unexpectedly blocked by Longmen Mountain and could not pass. Dayu inspected the terrain and felt that this place had to be chiseled open, but how is the Longmen Mountain of Nuoda good, Dayu chose a place that saves the most labor and effort, and only opened an 80-step wide opening to divert the water. Because the dragon gate is too high, many fish that swim against the water can't swim here.
Many carp desperately jump up, but only a very small number of fish can jump over, which is what our descendants call "carp jumping dragon gate", it is said that as long as they can jump the dragon gate, the fish will immediately become a dragon flying in the air.
Dayu concentrated the manpower to control the water and opened the way in the mountains. Hard work damaged stone tools, wood tools, bone tools and other tools. People's losses are even greater, some are cut by mountain rocks, some fall to their deaths when they go up the mountain, and some are swept away by floods. However, they still did not waver and insisted on splitting the mountain. In this difficult day and night, Dayu's face was tanned, the person was tired and thin, even the hair on the calf stomach was polished, and the nails of the feet were peeled off due to long-term soaking in water, but he was still operating and directing. Driven by him, the progress of water control was rapid, and the mountain finally suddenly opened up, forming a confrontation between the two walls, and the flood flowed downstream for thousands of miles, and the river was unimpeded.
Shun Zen was given to Dayu, and Dayu beheaded the dragon
In his old age, because his son Shang was not good, Shun obeyed Siyue's arrangements and suggestions, and decided to treat the Yellow River water with the high prestige of Dayu as his successor, and Dayu would take charge of the affairs.
When Emperor Shun reigned for thirty-three years, he officially ceded the Tianzi throne to Yu.
Seventeen years later, Shun died during the Southern Tour, died in the wilderness of Cangwu, and was buried in the Nine Doubts Mountain in Jiangnan, known as "Zero Tomb", with the nickname Shun, also known as Emperor Shun and Yu Shun.
At the end of the three-year mourning, Yu took refuge in a small city of Yiyang in Xiadi and ceded the throne to Shun's son Shang Jun. However, all the princes of the world left Shangjun to go to see King Yu. With the support of the princes, Yu officially took the throne and lived in Yangcheng, with the name of the country Xia. Dan Zhu was divided into Tang, and the merchants were divided into Yu. The calendar date was renamed the Summer Calendar, with the month of Jianyin as the first month.
After Emperor Shun's death, his two concubines went to the Three Peaks Stone and died crying in front of Emperor Shun's tomb. There is a stone box behind Emperor Shun's tomb with the words "Shunfeng" engraved on it. After the death of the second concubine, their maid returned to Beijing with a stone box and handed it to Dayu. Dayu opened the stone box and took out the suicide note inside, which read that thirty years ago, when Yu chiseled the dragon gate, there was a dragon that fled east and sneaked into the Qingshui Rock of Tianhu Pond, this dragon horn was pointed upright, and there were green hairs on the horns. Shun had waited for three years without seeing it, and Shun had instructed Yu to get rid of the dragon.
Dayu read the suicide note and was filled with anger. Immediately order the fire god Boyi to lay down the heavenly net, and Hercules should go down to the heavenly lake pool to capture the dragon. Hate that dragon just doesn't come out of the hole. Dayu urgently ordered it to be burned. So the fire burned for seven days and seven nights, burning the old dragon to death. The bluestone rock was also burned purple-red, and in the sun, it was as beautiful as the Western Heavenly Rainbow. After the fierce battle, Bo Yi wanted to take back his Tianluo Net, who knew that the rope could not be untied, and the Tianhe, The Big Dipper, the Dragon, the Lion, the Qilin and so on were all left on the cave wall. Therefore, on the stone wall of Zixia Rock, there are wonders such as the Golden Dragon Splashing Water, the Jade Phoenix Chaoyang, the Seven Stars Cloth Bucket, the Purple Micro Paigang, the Rhinoceros Looking at the Moon, and the Qilin Chengxiang, and there is a green horned dragon head on the stone wall at the mouth of the cave, and the Spring Water of the Tianhe River pours out of the dragon's mouth. It is said that this is the old dragon that ran to the mouth of the cave and was burned to death.
After the dragon died, the skin and flesh turned into fertile soil, and the intestines fell to the bottom of the Zixia Cave, bending and bending, circling nine times, and turning into a yin river, the river rushed and flowed, clear and not turbid, this is because the dragon drank the Water of Tianhe in the Tianhu Pond, known as the "Nine-Curved Yellow River". The keel, broken into bone beads, was blown into the bottom of the cave by the mountain wind, rolled into the Nine-Curved Yellow River, eroded and polished by the river water, turned into a white crystal, five-sided and hexagonal small stone, in the dark, take a lantern to take a picture, like a red bayberry, so it is called "bayberry stone".
Dayu held a meeting of Tu Shan and cast jiuding
After the establishment of the Xia Dynasty, Dayu convened a meeting of princes at Tushan to review his own mistakes. On the day of tushan's meeting, Dayu stood on the stage wearing a legal uniform and holding Xuan Gui in his hand, and the princes of the four directions were arranged on both sides according to the direction of his land, and they saluted the head of Dayu, and Dayu also answered the salute on the stage.
After the ceremony, Xia Yu said loudly to the princes: "I am not good enough to convince the people, so I held a meeting of Tu Shan, hoping that the earnest rebuke, discipline, and exhortations of the princes would make me know and change." I have calloused hands and feet, and I have calmed the water and soil, although I have a little labor, but the most conscientious and self-disciplined thing in my life is an arrogant word. The former emperor also used this to warn me: 'Ru is not reserved, and the world should not compete with Ru for power; If I have any pride and modesty, please tell me in person, otherwise it will teach me not to be merciful! I will listen to everyone's teachings. ”
All the princes understood that Yu was ordered by heaven, and the princes who originally had opinions about Dayu all expressed respect and admiration when they saw This attitude of Dayu, eliminating their original doubts. The history books record that "the princes of Yuhui were in Tushan, and those who held the jade were all nations".
After the Tushan Assembly, in order to show respect, the princes of all sides often came to Yangcheng to offer gold (that is, bronze). Later, the copper tribute paid by Kyushu increased year by year, and Dayu remembered that in the past, the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan clan had made meritorious achievements in casting Ding, and in order to commemorate the Tushan Conference, he was ready to cast the gold offered by the princes of all sides into Jiuding, that is, Jizhou Ding, Yanzhou Ding, Qingzhou Ding, Xuzhou Ding, Yangzhou Ding, Jingzhou Ding, Yuzhou Ding, Liangzhou Ding, yongzhou Ding, and the famous mountains and rivers of each prefecture were cast on the Ding, and the birds and animals were cast.
Jiuding symbolizes Kyushu, of which Yuzhou Ding is the central Dading and Yuzhou is the central hub. Jiuding was concentrated in Yangcheng, the capital of the Xia Dynasty, to show that Dayu, the king of Xia, became the lord of Kyushu, and the world was unified from then on. Jiuding then became the place of the "Mandate of Heaven", a symbol of the supremacy of royal power and the unity and prosperity of the country.