By September of this year, the United Kingdom will terminate the circulation of the old paper pound sterling, all replaced by the new version of the plastic banknote, and the largest circulation of 20 pounds, the British for the first time printed a painter's head - J. Turner (J. M. W. Turner）。
Turner, the representative of the British academic painters in the first half of the 19th century, is one of the most outstanding landscape painters in the history of Western art, and has made extensive achievements in oil painting, watercolor, drawing and printmaking, he not only made British art praise and self-contained, but also had a profound influence on future generations, and the Impressionists Monet and Pissarro were inspired by him.
Battleship Dreadnought, 1838, 1839, oil on canvas.
The background image on the pound is one of Turner's most famous works, the Battleship Dreadnought, which was dragged to disintegration. In 2005, BBC Channel 4 launched a public vote on "The Greatest British Painting", and Turner's painting won first with 27% of the vote, outperforming his old rival Constiple's Hay Cart.
Self-portrait, 1799, oil painting.
The self-portrait printed on the pound was completed around the age of 24, the same year he became a fellow of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts. In fact, Turner showed amazing talent for painting from an early age, becoming a student of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts at the age of 14, but he did not become a member until 10 years later, one of the reasons is that the minimum age of membership of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts is 24 years old.
At this time, Turner looks like a personable and beautiful teenager, but in his later years, Turner is not so elegant, and the image in the biographical movie "Mr. Turner" is more in line with the real Turner.
Turner is played by Timothy Spaugh, who played Wormtail in Harry Potter.
Indeed, Turner gained fame and fortune at a young age, and after comprehending picturesque theory, idyllic scenery, and sublime themes, he did not stop exploring, but freely and independently pursued real goals, pursuing a burning spirit of originality.
Rain, Steam and Speed: The Great Western Railway, 1844, oil painting.
Turner's thinking was very advanced, he knew that his contemporaries could not fully understand, so he included everything in the studio, whether it was finished products or sketches, into the category of heritage, dedicated to the country, seeking the scrutiny and judgment of future generations. That's why we now have the opportunity to see the sheer volume of his work on display, as Turner had hoped, to look at his work as a whole.
Today, "Turner" recommended by Zhi Meijun (Thames Hudson World Art Tour) contains 176 Turner masterpieces, combined with rich and interesting text content, to vividly tell you the complete legendary life of this great artist.
World-renowned art publisher Thames & Hudson
Best-selling 50 years classic
A panoramic and realistic restoration of Turner's artistic career
Painting review + biographical interpretation + new academic discoveries
The 176 illustrations are presented in full color for the first time
Epoch-making work that pioneered a new history of art
[English] Graham Reynolds
March 2022
Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press - There are books to the United States
#"Thames Hudson World Art Tour" series
Turner is a volume in the "Thames Hudson World of Art" series published by the internationally renowned art book publisher Thames & Hudson, since its introduction in 1958, many books have been translated into more than 30 languages and sold well worldwide for more than 60 years. It covers many artists, artistic styles and artistic genres within the global visual culture for centuries.
The same series of works "Monet", "Ancient Greek Art and Mythology" and so on will be released soon, so stay tuned
This series is a classic masterpiece of "Everyone's Little Book", each of which has been republished, revised and updated many times, and always includes new research results, establishing its pioneering leadership position in the field of art and triggering an artistic boom around the world.
Apollo International Art Magazine hailed it as "the most influential art series ever", and the Daily Telegraph called it "a series of thin volumes that go straight to the heart of art".
The series is written by professionals in various fields, such as the author of the book, Graham Reynolds, who was the administrator of the Printing and Painting Department of the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, where he has worked since 1937. His publications include Miniature Portraits of England and A Brief History of Watercolor Painting, as well as treatises on Thomas Beauyk and Victorian narrative painters and a catalogue of the works of John Constippur.
#遍历透纳76年艺术生涯
Born in London on 23 April 1775 to a barber, Turner's father was a hairdresser, and there was much talk about his humble origins. Fortunately, Turner was born in an era when the tradition of patronage still exists, and the more privileged members of the community are willing to meet talents, willingly and competently support them. Moreover, Turner inherited from his parents the businessman's respect for money, which was the greatest help for his career development and the main pillar of his artistic independence.
Above the Leisingbach Waterfall: A Rainbow, 1810, watercolor, graphite painting, brightened and scraped off in white.
Turner's birthplace is just a step away from the River Thames, and the surrounding environment in his childhood, especially the scenery by the river, more or less affected Turner's life. London was still a "big chimney" at the time, and the ships full of goods he knew through the smoke as a child were one of the key reasons why he continued to explore the effects of steam in his art.
The Fire of the House of Lords and houses of Commons, October 16, 1834, 1834-1835, oil painting.
Further upstream, you can see the old parliament building, which was destroyed by fire in 1834. The fire impressed Turner and explained in part why he had a vivid memory of the Parliament building by the river all his life.
The natural phenomenon that impressed Turner most as a child was the typical urban phenomenon: light passing through smoke, dust and fog, a scene he depicted all his life. In 1807 Turner exhibited a painting entitled Sunrise in the Mist: The Fisherman Who Sold Fish, a title that could cover half of his work.
Sunrise in the Mist: The Fisherman Who Sold Fish, 1807, oil painting.
From Turner's early landscapes and watercolors of Gothic ruins to romantic landscapes, to fiery history paintings, to astonishing artistic achievements in his later years, the author traces Turner's entire career and intersperses many of Turner's anecdotes in his writing, making it easy and interesting to read.
For example, Turner gave Richard Redgrave, who was still a newcomer to the academy, some advice. Someone criticized Redgrave for drawing women's collars too low, to which Turner "hummed" twice, saying, "Draw a little lower." ”
Redgrave at first thought that Turner had deliberately embarrassed him (which shows that Turner is usually a bit mean), but Turner said "add some white". Redgrave pondered for a moment before he realized that Turner wanted him to paint a part of the underwear at the neckline of the skirt, so that the skin was actually exposed as before. After following Turner's advice, Redgrave's painting passed the most rigorous scrutiny.
The Country Girl with the Basket, Richard Redgrave.
In addition to his interactions with contemporaries, the author also captures the very different evaluations of late Turner by ordinary people: "good temper and humor". While Turner was traveling in Italy, a fellow traveler recorded his observations as follows↓
I was so lucky that I met a short, old man with a good temper and a funny humor! He might be my travel companion throughout my journey. He kept sticking his head out of the window, drawing anything he liked, and as he admired the sunrise scenery of Macerata, he threw himself furious because the conductor wouldn't wait for him. him! He said, "He's such a piece of wood." He only spoke a little Italian and only a few words in French, and he mixed the two languages together, which was very interesting. His good temper makes him not care about any difficulties and work tirelessly in his favorite cause!
#176幅透纳经典作品
Intuitively appreciate the master's exquisite techniques & innovative style
From left to right: "Human Body Sketching", 1792-1796, chalk painting; Melrose Abbey, 1822, watercolor; Scenes of the Grand Canal, a Street in Venice, circa 1837, oil painting.
Oil paintings, watercolors, sketches, human bodies, landscapes, history... The book brings together the works of different forms and categories of Turner in many periods, and almost every work has themes, styles and technical evaluations, and the professional content is intertwined with Turner's wonderful life experience, leading readers to understand Turner's artistic career in an all-round way.
The Fisherman of the Sea, 1796, oil on canvas.
Turner's first oil painting at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts was widely acclaimed and attested to contemporary critics' view of Turner's "original thinking". In dealing with this moonlit scene in a new and unfamiliar form of painting, Turner did not leave the slightest trace of hesitation, which is undoubtedly a remarkable achievement.
Turner's oil paintings were based on watercolor techniques, for which he was often blamed. However, when he created this painting, he did not just copy the ideas conveyed in the high-class watercolor works into the oil painting. The oil painting technique expands the range of light and shadow in his paintings, allowing him to distinguish in a very subtle way between the reflection of the lanterns in the hands of the crew and the moonlight that penetrates the clouds on the undulating waters of the paintings.
The moon in the painting is surrounded by tulle-like clouds, both out of his own preferences and out of imitation of his predecessors; He was fascinated by the subtle changes in color and tone, and the combination of clouds and moon left room for him to observe these subtle changes.
In addition, from the perspective of Turner's later works, it is also important that the moon is in the foreground of this painting. We can often see Turner using the sun or moon as a light source in his paintings (such as "The Decline of the Carthaginian Empire" below), a habit of mind that he had already developed in his first oil paintings, and he could already depict it appropriately at that time.
The Decline of the Carthaginian Empire, 1817, oil painting.
#50余年全新修订
First published in 1969, Turner has long been a classic about Turner's life and art. David Brown, curator of the Tate Gallery, has introduced the book in a new way, and after layers of revision and update, Turner reflects a new academic discovery and interpretation of Turner's work, and will become a usable study of the artist by a new generation of readers.
Death on a White Horse, 1833-1834, oil painting.
For example, "a skeleton that fell from a horse" was previously associated with the story of "dying on a gray horse" in the book of Revelation, but a more convincing theory is that it is related to Shelley's poem "The Masquerade of Tyranny" and thus to Peterloo's radical demonstrations (the mass demonstration movement that broke out in Peterloo, England in 1819).
Above: Apulia in Search of Apules, exhibited in 1814, oil painting.
Part II: Jacob, Laban and His Daughters, Claude Loren, 1654, oil on canvas.
Also, Turner's Apulia in Search of Apurus is considered a parody of Claude Loren's Jacob, Laban, and His Daughters by Petworth. In addition, most of the watercolor paintings that were once thought to depict the scene of the 1834 Parliamentary Fire actually showed the scene of the Fire of the Tower of London in 1841.
In response to such problems as the above, the new edition of the book has made minimal corrections and clarifications without trace to maintain the flow of the text, and at the end of the text, references, illustrations, and indexes are carefully provided to help readers read.
[English] Graham Reynolds
March 2022
Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press - There are books to the United States