"The Story of Blue and White"——A comparative exhibition of the Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Ruins and the rare Yuanming Blue and White Porcelain at home and abroad
Memoirs of Cobalt
——A Comparison Exhibition of Blue and White Porcelains from Imperial kiln Site and Worldwide Collections
In early summer in May, the "Story of Blue and White" - a comparison exhibition of Yuanming blue and white porcelain from the Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Ruins and the precious Collections of Yuanming Blue and White Porcelain from the Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Ruins will be held at the Poly Art Museum on the 10th floor of the Cloud Tower of the New Poly Building. This exhibition explores the origin and development of Chinese blue and white porcelain as the context, covering the 90 pieces of blue and white specimens collected by the Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Museum and the 90 pieces of the Ming Dynasty Royal Kiln Blue and White Specimens collected at home and abroad and more than 90 pieces of Precious Yuan and Ming Qinghua ware at home and abroad. Deeply excavate the historical background and humanistic background of ceramic firing in the Yuan and Ming dynasties since the origin of Qinghua, and restore the most brilliant and brilliant story in the history of Chinese ceramics.
【Prelude - From "Tang Qinghua" to "Yuan Qinghua"】
Blue and white porcelain, English name blue and white, it is made of cobalt ore containing cobalt oxide as raw material, depicted on the ceramic body, and then covered with a layer of transparent glaze, after high temperature reduction flame once fired. The earliest traceable blue and white porcelain can be seen in the blue color porcelain pieces excavated from the Tang Dynasty strata of Yangzhou in 1975, and the white glazed blue color vessel of the kiln kiln in Gong County, Henan Province, where the black stone came out of the water, which was painted for the cobalt blue material imported from Persia.
Tang Gong County kiln blue and white flower pattern plate
The Blackstone comes out of the water
Remarks: Collection of the Museum of Asian Civilisations, Singapore
Tang Gong County kiln blue and white pot fragment specimen
L:12.5cm
Note: Important private collection
In the middle of the 14th century and the Yuan Dynasty, the traffic between the Central Plains and the Western Regions and even West Asia was opened again, so that the blue and white porcelain once again had a profound exchange with Persian culture and Islamic civilization, and since then the blue and white porcelain has embarked on a glorious road. According to the literature, Yuan Qinghua uses Su Ma Li Qing material (or Su Ni Bo Qing) imported from the Western Regions, because of the high iron content and low manganese content, the hair color is dark and deep, and rust-like patches will form in the thick cobalt material. In order to meet the aesthetic needs of the local royal family and nobility, the ornaments are both the inheritance of Chinese traditions and the imitation and innovation of works deeply influenced by Islamic culture.
Yuanren painting Yuan Shizu statue silk color Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Yuan outer blue flower inner mold print dragon pattern high foot target cup
10.2cm
Remarks: Ten Faces Lingbi Mountain Residence Old Collection
Yuan egg white glaze print dragon pattern target cup
In 1988, the scenic road on the north side of the Royal Kiln Zhushan Mountain was excavated from the collection of the Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Museum
Yuan Qinghua water wave cloud dragon tangled branches lotus pattern large jar
D:33cm,H:27.5cm
Remarks: Ten Faces Lingbi Mountain Residence Old Collection
Yuan blue and white peony pattern double animal ear large jar
H:42cm
Remarks: Collection of Liangkei Bookstore
【Aria - Yongxuan Four "Artifacts" Leading Praises Su Ma Li Qing Sheng Zhang】
Ming Dynasty portrait scrolls painted on silk color National Palace Museum in Taipei
Yongxuan Qinghua crown is an ancient, imported from Central and West Asia, the verdant pale elegance of "Su Ma Li Qing" cobalt blue and the clever pen dyeing of the royal kiln craftsmen, together achieved a model of Chinese aesthetics, a peak for ceramic art, left a brilliant chapter in the history of Chinese ceramics, the exhibition includes yongxuan four "artifacts", there are "Ming Yongle Blue Flower Left White Dark Engraved Dragon Pattern Wave Plate", "Ming Xuande Blue and White Cloud Dragon Pattern Ten Ridge Sunflower Petal Wash", "Ming Xuande Blue and White Sanskrit Seawater Exotic Animal Pattern Tall Foot Cup", "Ming Xuande Imperial Blue Flower" Yong Ping An Ode Gaozu Bowl", of which "Ming Yongle Blue and White Left White Dark Carved Dragon Pattern Wave Plate" is a European secret collection for a hundred years and debuted in China.
Yongle and Xuande qinghua ware not only have traditional Chinese shapes, but also have utensils that are deeply influenced by Islamic culture and originate from or imitate pottery, copper, gold, silver, glass and other materials in West Asia and North Africa. Due to the low manganese characteristics of the high-speed iron used in Suma, there are many colors of intense color, and there are often iron-brown crystal spots at the accumulation. The green materials used in the Xuande Dynasty are imported Su Ma Li Qing materials and domestic green materials, which are used alone and combined, and the color is either thick and heavy or dark and light. In addition, the writing specifications of the official kiln porcelain year number in the Xuande period were established, and the imperial kiln porcelain of the Ming and Qing dynasties was followed. In summary, Yongle and Xuande Qinghua have completely got rid of the style of blue and white porcelain in the Yuan Dynasty and Hongwu Period, and opened a new chapter in the development of blue and white porcelain in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
Mingren Painted Ming Xuanzong Palace Traveling Music Diagram (Partial) Color on Silk Collection of the Palace Museum
The sweet white glaze utensils of the Ming Yongle and Xuande periods were the main porcelain used in the palace, and the Yongle Emperor's large number of white porcelain should be related to the fact that he lived in Beiping during the Yan Dynasty and infected the Yuanren Shangbai wind. And "white" is also the background color of blue and white, and the white glaze ware in the early Ming Dynasty gave a strong foundation for the development of blue and white porcelain firing in the same period and in the future.
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Ming Yongle Blue and white white engraved dragon pattern wave plate
Diameter: 40cm
Note: Old collection of the famous Danish architect Salomon S rensen (1856-1937).
This product is regular in shape, large mouth and micro-closure, curved abdomen and wide bottom, shallow circle foot, which is the classic shape of the large-scale plate type in the early Ming Dynasty. The bottom of the disc is unglazed, and the carcass can be seen to be firm and delicate, and the foot edge is slightly flinted red. The whole body is depicted with ornaments, the mouth is painted with a circle of patterns inside and outside, and the inner wall is painted with twelve entangled tangled flowers, counting several kinds of camellias, lotuses, moon seasons, flat chrysanthemums, etc.; the outer wall depicts four dragons running forward, the dragon's mouth is half open, the hair on the back of the head is erected forward, and the dragon's whiskers are flying to the sides, which are separated by nongzi cloud patterns. Panxin blue and white double circle painted rushing seawater as the ground, and then with the blank technique to show a side of the dragon, only the eyes of the dragon eye with blue and white dots, the lower limbs of the dragon body facing the right side of the picture, the middle of the body is twisted backwards, so that the upper limbs and the dragon head face the left side of the picture, the upper limbs of the two front paws one after the other, the dragon's mouth is open, the mane behind the dragon horn is raised, the momentum is mighty, and the flames around the side are also expressed in the white space, under the background of the blue and white seawater, making the dragon shape seem to stand on the waves, which is very artistically expressive.
This kind of blank process is extremely difficult, very test the craftsman's ability to plan the layout, the production must be on the plain tire on the bottom of the manuscript, the outline of the part that needs to be left white is outlined in blue and white, and then the part that needs to be expressed in blue and white is depicted with cobalt blue and blue material, and the drawing also needs to be doubly careful, and must not be written in the area of whiteness; the most impressive thing is that the scales, minions, and whiskers of the dragon are expressed in a dark engraving process, and the decoration after glazing is also very clear, delicate, extraordinary, with three-dimensional effect, which can be described as a work of magic. The blue and white hair color throughout the body is dark and beautiful, especially the obvious iron spot deposition effect can be seen in the thick color, which is quite interesting to the brush and ink of traditional Chinese ink painting, revealing the solemn and majestic beauty.
The white dragon pattern made of white heart left white in the early Ming Dynasty is very rare, using this technique, all seen are imperial kiln heavyware, the celestial ball bottle is the most famous, beijing Palace Museum, the British Museum Daweid Foundation, the National Museum of Iran, The Idemitsu Art Museum of Japan, etc. have collections, in addition to plum bottles, large bowls and other shapes, and the beginning, the mother should be from the Yuan Dynasty blue glaze white, blue and white white utensils, the former such as the Yangzhou Museum collection of blue glaze white dragon pattern plum vases, The latter can be found in 1964 in Baoding, Hebei Province, two pieces of blue and white white eight-sided plum vases excavated from the Yuan Dynasty cellar.
Searching through important public and private collections and art markets at home and abroad, only two examples of publications similar to this product have been seen, one is stored in the Shanghai Museum, and the outer mouth is along the book "Daming Xuande Year System" in one-line calligraphy, and the other two cases are originally stored in the Adebil Mosque in Iran and are now in the National Museum of Iran (according to John Alexander Pope in his book Chinese Porcelains From the Ardebil Shrine, two cases have been found in the Adebil Mosque, In addition, there is a case of a slightly smaller one hidden in Isfahan, but it has not been published), and this product is the only one that can be circulated in the market, which is rare.
Ming Yongle Blue and white seawater cone white dragon pattern plate
D:28cm
In 1993, the Royal Kiln Zhushan was excavated from the collection of the Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Museum
Ming Yongle Blue and white white engraved dragon pattern wave plate
D:40cm
Adbir Monastery Collection Number 29.37
Collection of the National Museum of Iran
The priests in the porcelain house of the Adbir Mosque pose with servants and porcelain placed on the ground
Collection of the Boston Public Library
Ming Yongle Blue and white white engraved dragon pattern wave plate
Tomb of Sheikh Safir Adedin, Ardabil Governorate, Iran
Collection of the National Museum of Iran
Ming Xuande Blue and white white engraved dragon pattern wave plate
D:40.7cm
Collection of Shanghai Museum
Ming Yongle Blue and white seawater white dragon pattern skimmed foot plum bottle
In 1994, the east gate of the southern foothills of Zhushan Mountain was excavated from the collection of the Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Museum
Ming Xuande Blue and white cloud dragon pattern ten-edged sunflower petal wash
In:18.7cm
"Daming Xuande Year System"
Remarks: Ten Faces Lingbi Mountain Residence Old Collection
Ming Xuande Blue and White Sanskrit Seawater Strange Pattern Goblet
H:7.7cm
"Daming Xuande Year System"
Remarks: Cocoon Mountain Longquan Hall Old Collection
Ming Xuande Imperial blue and white "Ode to Eternal Peace" high foot bowl
Diameter: 16 .8cm
"Xuande Year system" paragraph
Ming Xuande Blue and white wearing a flower dragon pattern monk hat pot
In 1983, the Royal Kiln Zhushan was excavated from the Collection of the Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Museum
Ming Yongle White glaze dark engraving tangled lotus pattern with lid plum bottle
Height: 40cm
Ming Yongle Blue and White Ruyi Hanging Shoulder Folded Branches Flower and Fruit Pattern Plum Bottle (Yellow Glaze for Qing Dynasty Later Application)
H:36.5cm
【Symphonic poem - "Equality Qing" into the kiln charm]
Mingren Painting Ming Xianzong Lantern Xingle Scroll (Partial) Silk Coloring Collection of the National Museum of China
The Chenghua Emperor himself had a high artistic attainment, and the craftsmanship level and management system of the Imperial Kiln Factory were becoming more mature and complete, and the selection system for imperial products was extremely strict and demanding. At this time, the blue and white porcelain "tire fine glaze is also fine, high Mu Hun elegant, the same perfect", the use of imported green materials in the early stage of chenghua, the hair color is thick and thick, similar to the late Xuande blue and white. In the middle and late period, the extremely high-quality domestic green material pingqing produced in Leping Pitang, Jiangxi, was selected, and the ornamentation was light and quiet, and the sparseness was elegant. The Chenghua Dynasty was extremely strict on porcelain firing, and did not hesitate to work, which was another aesthetic peak for the Ming Dynasty.
Ming Chenghua Blue and white inner Sanskrit "three characters Ming" sea pomegranate pattern reclining foot bowl
Diameter: 13cm
"Daming Chenghua Year System" section
Ming Chenghua Blue and white tuan phoenix pattern bowl
In 1987, the Royal Kiln Zhushan was excavated from the collection of the Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Museum
Ming Chenghua Blue and white tangled branches camellia pattern palace bowl
Diameter: 15.2cm
"Daming Chenghua Year System" section
Ming Chenghua Blue and white tangled branches treasure phase pattern palace bowl
In 1987, the Royal Kiln Zhushan was excavated from the collection of the Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Museum
Ming Chenghua Blue and White Nine Autumn Picture Jar
H:10cm