Qianjiang Evening News Hourly News Reporter Ma Li
Continuing episode: Shusheng Fighter Mao Zhaoxi (Part 1)
5.
After Chen Wenjin (former deputy director of the Zhejiang Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau) came to work at the Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau, Mao Zhaoxi's first words to him were: We must build a museum. This sentence, Teacher Mao must speak when he meets new people, and he must also speak when he encounters leaders.
In 1983, there was only one museum in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Provincial Museum, and in 1984, the Natural History Museum was separated from the provincial Boli, and the Zhejiang Provincial Museum of Natural History was established. In the early 1990s, there were few museums in Hangzhou.
Mao Zhaoxi proposed to Chen Wenjin that three categories of museums should be carried out together, one comprehensive class, the second, now we call it a professional museum, then called a special museum, such as the Silk Museum, the Official Kiln Museum, and the Tea Museum. In 1985, at a provincial tourism development conference, he proposed that Hangzhou should vigorously develop museums and open a large number of museums according to the nature of Hangzhou's city and cultural origins.
Chen Wenjin still couldn't quite understand. Teacher Mao said in a different way that he had been to a human body museum in Japan, and the entrance was a human throat, and when he came out, he would put a fart.
Everyone laughed as they listened.
On May 28, 1994, the Liangzhu Cultural Museum was opened to the public, and in 1995, Mao Zhaoxi donated his treasured Shi Xingen's "Liangzhu - Preliminary Report on the Black Pottery Cultural Sites in the Second District of Hangxian County" to the museum. Liangzhu archaeology continues to have new discoveries, cognition is refreshing, the museum should also be updated, 10 years later, the museum to build a new museum, that is, the current Liangzhu Museum, in 2003, at the same time to start the architectural design and exhibition design. On January 6, 2006, 77-year-old Mao Zhaoxi led a team to Japan to inspect more than ten museums, make lists, work as a docent, and take care of everything, especially a large number of heritage museums. Guo Qingling said that the later restoration of the scene in the second exhibition hall of the Liangbo Academy came directly from Mao Zhaoxi's conception.
In April 1993, Shaoxing Museum opened. In the case of few prefectural and municipal museums in the province, the opening of the Shaoxing Museum is a major event. There was no highway, and Mao Zhaoxi arrived at the scene with a delay of an hour and made a speech.
Hopefully we will build the museum as an educational institution. He said.
Bao Xianlun in the audience moved.
It doesn't sound like a strange idea today. At that time, most people still stayed in the understanding of museums as a place where cultural relics were preserved, studied, and displayed. Mao Zhaoxi proposed that the fundamental function of museums is to serve the development of society and people, not just a matter of "things". After an hour's delay in speaking, Bao Xianlun was suddenly opened by Mao Zhaoqing. "Some people think that Teacher Mao came out of school, so talking about education is certainly not so simple."
On November 20, 1999, the Qianjiang Evening News published an article by Zhou Xinhua writing about Mao Zhaoxi. Mao Zhaoxi said that the museum is not only a window for people to peek into the past time, the museum should be surnamed "Bo", it is related to all scientific knowledge, and it is the best place to educate people about society. It is not only necessary to express historical relics, but also to vigorously develop natural science museums. "A museum should be a lifelong school for one."
Soon after the resumption of the college entrance examination in 1978, he proposed to Hangzhou University to open a major in cultural relics and museology. He believes that the social and educational function of museums is irreplaceable by any other institution.
This is the first person in China to propose to start a cultural and bo profession. Museums are still rare in China, and many people do not understand, where will students be assigned in the future when this major is established?
"This department is the result of his unremitting efforts to travel back and forth between the university and the relevant government departments many times under the watchful eyes of doubt." Rimel Knopp writes in Cultural Heritage and Museums in Critical Inquiry.
In the past three years, Mao Zhaoxi went to the Ministry of Education four times, repeatedly saying: Museums are a developing cause, and although there are not many museums in our country now, there will certainly be many museums in the future, because our country needs museums, and the development of the socialist cause needs museums.
In 1981, the Hangzhou University Liberal Arts Major was established, and he personally went to enroll.
Chen Wenjin said that at that time, cultural relics work, such as helplessness, was more sad, although we felt that what we did was right, but it was not necessarily understood by others. Nowadays, the museums in Zhejiang Province can be in front of the whole country, the categories are relatively rich, the distribution is more balanced, and no one can replace what Mao Zhaoxi has done.
6.
Wang Shilun's family belongs to the Xiaoying Lane residential area, Mao Zhaoxi's mother is the director of the residential area, Mao Shilun's mother Mao Shimu, very famous, a very pungent image. Mao Zhaoxi's son was about the same age as Wang Qunli. Xiao Mao's fame lies in playing the violin, which is known from all directions, and looks white and pure. Xiao Wang is sometimes envious, I learn calligraphy, he learns the violin, how to look a little big.
Mao Zhaoxi's wife, a teacher at the Hangzhou Teachers' Training School (later Hangzhou Normal College), told Wang Qunli's mother one day to let Xiao Wang go to their night university. These four years of study had a great impact on Wang Qunli's later life, and he has always remembered it in his heart.
Mao Zhaoxi's daughter, Ah Hui Ah Hui, everyone called it like this. One day, Wang Shilun, then director of the Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, came back and told Xiao Wang that Mao Zhaoxi was a ruthless person. Wang Shilun later attached so much importance to Huang Zi and other descendants, more or less because of his son, and pinned his feelings and hopes for his son on these talented young people. Sons don't have a chance to become talents, so they have to help them become talents. He was very concerned about Mao Zhaoxi's daughter's work, and she went to the countryside to return to Hangzhou and wanted to transfer her to the units under the cultural relics system.
Mao Zhaoxi flatly refused. As long as he is in the heritage system, the family cannot be involved in this matter.
Daughters sometimes "hate".
In 1983, he began to work in the Zhejiang Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau, and it was not until the age of 86 that Dad finally stopped participating in any work. However, every year on the morning of the first day of the Chinese New Year, Dad would definitely visit the employees on the cultural relics front, which was a compulsory course for him. One year, he was going to visit his daughter's unit, the China Silk Museum, but she refused to let him. Dad, you're so old, why are you doing this?
In this matter, Mao Zhaoxi stayed until he was almost 90 years old, until he wrestled - on March 25, 2019, he got out of bed and fell, broke a femur neck, and began to be hospitalized. In June, he fell again in the hospital.
Dad often said to his daughter, fortunately you did not go, oh, fortunately you are there.
Sometimes, Dad would suddenly say: I'm really sorry for you.
The daughter said that there was nothing sorry for, and it was all over.
A little ruby, a dark light.
Mao Jihui touched the ruby necklace on his chest– I've always worn it, and he bought it for the first time in Japan in the 80s. I also have a lot of other necklaces and don't wear them. Because it was given to me by my dad.
My daughter was in poor health since childhood. "Grandpa, Mom is sick again." When he received a call from his grandson, it was very late, and Mao Zhaoxi took the bus to see his daughter. Car No. 55 was specially assigned to him at that time. But he often does not sit, if "forced" to sit, the driver delivered after he got out of the car, be sure to go around to the window: thank you, goodbye.
He also never asked his family to sit. Her daughter accompanied him to the hospital to see a doctor, and Mao Zhaoxi told her to take the bus herself to the gate of Zhejiang Second Hospital and wait. If he can move, he also takes the bus. Once, when his mother was ill, Mao Zhaoxi went from his home in the west of the city to the city hospital and took three trips by himself, when he was more than 80 years old. He can call a car, just not.
The daughter sometimes thinks that her father's tendon, Hangzhou dialect, does not know where to build the wrong.
He rarely spent money, and all the money was used to buy books. One year, Mao Zhaoxi moved from Garden Village to Stadium Road, and two bookstores were opened on Stadium Road, one was Xiaofeng Bookstore, and before the other bookstore closed, Mao Zhaoxi bought all the books in the bookstore into his home, and the garage was also stuffed. We wanted to go to Teacher Mao's study. The daughter said she couldn't get in. Dad's book, turning the pages well, absolutely can not be moved.
On October 7, 1996, the new scenery of the Liuhe Pagoda Scenic Area "Liuhe Bell" officially sounded. LiuheTa Wenbao decided to cast a large bell weighing 2.3 tons and asked Mao Zhaoxi to write an inscription. On August 21, 1996, the reporter interviewed, Mao Zhaoxi carefully explained: the bell is mouth down; the bell is the mouth facing up and down, there is a handle, when used with a hand handle, with a mallet strike, the shape is similar to the bell, the size of the two is different.
He composed four inscriptions, a total of 12 sentences and 96 words, written elegantly and rhymed, brushed with books, soft and gentle and strict. There is a sentence that when typing the draft, it was originally proposed to "stand in the East", followed by "Welling Yuanyang", and then changed to "Renwei Yuanyang". The daughter said, 96 words, the father ten full of writing for a month, changed countless times.
Dad, what you wrote, let's look at it, let's ring the bell too. On the day it opened, the daughter said.
Are you going to Zesa? Not allowed to go. Not allowed – this word is a common word at home.
Until Mao Jihui's 40th birthday, she spent ten yuan to ring the bell once. I'll talk to him when I get back.
good no good? How's the hair? Really good? Dad laughed.
7.
In the summer of 1978 or 1979, Mao Zhaoxi went to attend a national conference on the compilation of textbooks, returned from the northeast, and came to Wang Shilun's house to sit and wear a pair of cloth shoes. Xiao Wang said, Teacher Mao, your shoes are beautiful, where to buy.
Mao Zhaoxi said, I am Mr. Liu bu. No drinking, no tea, no smoking, no playing cards, no dancing, no karaoke. The daughter said that he went out with a cup of boiled water, usually a suit shirt.
He is the other in the organ.
Once everyone was chatting together and smoking too. Just after a few sips, Teacher Mao came in, frowning. Chen Hao, I want to criticize you again, smoking again. Chen Hao was the director of the Zhejiang Provincial Museum at the time.
Chen Hao is very "bad": Teacher Mao is right in his criticism, we mainly look at Director Bao, and if Director Bao does not smoke, we will not smoke.
Teacher Mao's eyes swept over Lao Bao.s.
Teacher Mao, you are right, I will consider it, first reduce, and then gradually quit smoking. Old Bao said.
Mencius said, "Now there are chickens of his neighbor." Or tell it: 'The way of a gentleman is not a gentleman.' "Please lose it, a chicken in the month, until the coming year is over." 'If we know that it is unjust, and that it is already over, why wait for the next year?' ”
On such an occasion, Mao Zhaoxi suddenly read a sentence from "Mencius Teng Wengongxia". Many people did not have time to react, bao Xianlun understood: thank you Teacher Mao, thank you Teacher Mao.
Mao Zhaoxi's humor and demeanor.
The crew of the Shanghai Ballet "White Haired Girl" came to Visit Xiaoying Lane, and everyone gathered around to watch the liveliness, and Mao Zhaoxi was also in the crowd. At this time, the actors were lining up from the memorial hall, and everyone was saying which was the "white-haired girl" Shi Celeste. Someone saw at a glance, noisy, wrapped purple scarf of purple scarf! Mao Zhaoxi interjected: Be careful, the table only remembers to watch the scarf people busy remembering (forgetting) to see!
A small square phone book with an old base has been placed in Mao Zhaoxi's pants pocket, the four sides have been ground into powder, and after entering the hospital, he put it in the pocket of the hospital gown. He doesn't use the address book and keeps flipping through the phone book to make calls. A Motorola flip phone that has been used for more than 20 years refuses to change, and the daughter has to let her son buy another identical one online.
At the age of 80, everyone proposed to give him a birthday, "please cooperate with Teacher Mao", and resolutely did not do it. His family and colleagues wanted to sort out his academic papers, and Lao Bao also sorted out his work materials, and he also objected.
On May 7, 2021, Mao Zhaoxi's 92nd birthday, ate a big cake in the hospital.
However, on January 8, 2009, at the meeting of amateur cultural security personnel in Yinzhou District, 80-year-old Mao Zhaoxi took out a photo that he had framed himself and gave it to Wang Afu, an amateur cultural security guard in Dongqiao Town, Yinzhou, who was more than 60 years old.
This photo was taken by him 3 years ago, on October 11, 2005, when Wang Afu, who was walking relatives in Matang, passed through Centipede Mountain, he saw a construction team working on the hillside, and when the forklift shoveled down, he found an ancient tomb brick. After reporting to the cultural relics department, he turned around and went home, took his daily necessities, and set up a small tent on the spot with plastic sheeting, which lasted for more than two months. In early December 2006, Mao Zhaoxi visited the site and took a photo of him. Knowing that he was going to attend the amateur security staff meeting, before coming to Ningbo, he framed his own photos with a mirror frame and wrote his name on the back.
An amateur security guard fell ill, and Mao Zhaoxi sent 10,000 yuan.
A news item in Zhejiang Daily on August 6, 1994, entitled: "The Sun Shines on the 'Small Courtyard'". Yu Weijie's 4-year-old son of the Zhejiang Provincial Museum was lost, Mao Zhaoxi, deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress, had just returned from a foreign inspection, and occasionally heard that her child was lost, and Teacher Mao shed tears on the spot, took out the only 300 yuan from his pocket and asked a colleague to hand it to her. After a few days, he entrusted someone to send 600 yuan and 4100 yuan successively, saying: I have made up 5000 yuan as a donation, I hope you will find the child a day earlier.
8.
The Great Hall of the People, March 11, 2003.
11 days after stepping down as a member of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress, Mao Zhaoxi, with his "nominee certificate," told some familiar deputies: News has come from Luoyang, and the investigation team sent by the central authorities has gone down. I slept very well last night.
In 1998, he was elected to the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress for a term until 28 February 2003.
The last day of February was also his last day as a member of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress. At two o'clock in the morning, he finished writing a long letter, densely packed with two pages, and handed it to the central leaders the next day.
The morning before, the 32nd session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress was held at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. This was the last regular meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress. In the afternoon, he saw in the China Cultural Relics Newspaper a reporter Li Rang, now the editor-in-chief of the China Cultural Relics Newspaper, "What is Luoyang destroying?!" (Published on January 24).
The front page is a full page, the title font size has never been larger, it looks shocking.
Li Rang reported one thing: Luoyang did not follow the provisions of the newly revised "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics," did not obtain the consent of the state administrative department for cultural relics and reported to the provincial people's government for approval, and in order to rush to build the "Heluo Cultural Square," a large-scale excavation machine was driven into the ruins of the famous cultural relics protection unit Eastern Zhou Wangcheng, and forced construction, and the "Tianzi Driving Six" carriage and horse pit was about to be destroyed.
The Tomb of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty has just unearthed the "Ride of the Son of Heaven" driven by six horses, confirming the ancient text of the Xia And Shang Zhou Period "Heavenly Son Driving Six". The local cultural relics protection department took the "Cultural Relics Law" that had just been passed to the square headquarters, and the person in charge said, "Take it, I also have a lot of laws here." ”
"They are flouting the law, where is the dignity of the law?" He told Wang Yao, a reporter from the China Youth Daily, bluntly.
When Li Rang arrived at the standing committee of the National People's Congress Conference Center in North Gen Street, West Huangcheng, it was very late, and he brought Mao Zhaoxi two issues of the newspaper, which published "What is Luoyang Destroying?!" On January 24, 2003, the China Cultural Relics Newspaper and the February 12, 2003 China Cultural Relics Newspaper, which published "Luoyang, after January 16...", brought dozens of copies in each issue.
Mao Zhaoxi didn't care if he had dinner or not, let him follow him, hugged the newspaper, and went room by room to the NPC Standing Committee members who lived in the conference center, told them about the illegal incidents that had occurred in Luoyang, left them newspapers, and asked them to pay attention.
Back in his room, Lee urged him to rest quickly. This time came to Beijing to participate in the two sessions, the doctor who showed Mao Zhaoxi's eyes was very angry, this patient ran around, the bleeding under the fundus of the left eye was not healed, the vision was basically lost, it was difficult to read and write, and once the blood entered the vitreous body, the eyes were wasted and may be blind. The doctor did not allow him to come. He had to plead repeatedly, and the doctor was well aware of his temper, until he promised not to read the book and the newspaper as much as possible, and then let him out of the hospital.
At this point, the fundus of the left eye was bleeding.
He turned on the lamp, laid out the paper, and began to write letters to the central leading comrades. Lee Jean took the photo with a camera next to him.
In the early morning of February 28, 2003, Mao Zhaoxi wrote a letter to the central leaders in his room for the construction of the "Heluo Cultural Square" in Luoyang. Lee Jean took the picture.
It is now the early morning of February 28. Mao Zhaoxi said: February 28 was the last day of the last session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress and the last day of my tenure as a member of the Npc Standing Committee, and now I am standing on the last shift and doing the last thing.
The letter was written at two o'clock in the morning.
On March 6, Shan Jixiang, then director of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, told him: "We will hold an emergency meeting this afternoon, and we will work with the Henan provincial government to investigate and deal with this matter." Shan Jixiang said to him.
On the evening of March 10, the news came that the destruction of cultural relics in Luoyang had been stopped, and the original site of the "Tianzi Driving Six" chema pit had been protected.
He never told his family about the eyes. The daughter said that two years earlier, he was still lying in bed looking at things, and in the past two years, he had not looked at it, and there was nothing to see.
Mao Zhaoxi said: This is Heaven telling me to open one eye and close one eye. But I still wanted to open my eyes desperately.
The mud and migration of the Three Gorges, legislation to protect historical and cultural cities, and "it is proposed that severe sentences be imposed on those who abduct and force women to marry." When he was a member of the Standing Committee for 5 years, he put forward too many bills that were "not in line with his profession". At the two sessions of the two sessions one year, he led the submission of a bill, suggesting that the judiciary intervene in the investigation and punishment of the "black whistle" of the stadium.
"I'm just a student, doing things with a sense of responsibility. Once a people's congress deputy, it was not a title to show off, but to increase the responsibility of speaking for the people. I don't think about what kind of wisdom to protect myself, not to cause trouble. I told so much truth and there was no trouble. ”
9.
The daughter said, I am sorry for you, you have so many interests in this life, you can completely have a lot of things to do when you retire. But in the past two years, Dad has not listened to music anymore. He said, I'm having a lot of meetings.
The Department of History once engaged in an activity, Mr. Yang Zhaodi read a song poem, love theme, eyebrows full of eyebrows, everyone was stupid. Mr. Mao Zhaoxi sang another song "Ode to Yan'an", and Wang Xufeng was stunned and sang so well.
He is a senior student in the Old Hangzhou Choir and also takes piano lessons. In 1947, Zhu Kezhen returned from an expedition to Europe and the United States, bought back more than 400 music records, and commissioned Mao Zhaoxi to catalog them. In 1950, Mao Zhaoxi opened an elective course for all students in the school, the history of modern European music and the appreciation of musical works. A professor who studies prehistory opens a music class, which is probably unique in the country.
Student Huang Pumin wrote a memory. When it comes to the key points, Teacher Mao will pick up the violin he carries on the lectern and play it. At one lecture, he asked his son, who was studying at Hangzhou University, to help. He talked about the artistic achievements of the world-famous violin piece, and his son played a piece of Masnay's "Meditations".
"This is one of the beautiful landscapes that I witnessed during my studies at Hangzhou University. To this day, I still think that my shallow musical common sense, what is the first musical motivation and the second musical motivation of the symphony, how the structure of the seven small dances of "Blue Danube" is progressive and expressed, and so on, all come from the enlightenment of teacher Mao Zhaoxi. ”
Mao Zhaoxi and Wang Xufeng are deputies to the same National People's Congress and held a meeting together in Beijing. Once, there was a piano downstairs in the residence, Wang Xufeng had learned the piano, and it would be finished, and she went forward to play for a while. Teacher Mao came over, didn't say anything, and also went forward to play for a while, Wang Xufeng was stunned again, forgetting whether it was Mozart or Beethoven's song, natural, smooth, Teacher Mao's straight.
During the Cultural Revolution, he kept only four records of Tchaikovsky, hidden in the furnace of a small two-story building, without being smashed.
In 1988, Mao Zhaoxi, as the head of the delegation, visited the United Kingdom with a delegation of Chinese libraries. The librarian of a university in Nottingham drove them out in a car. In the car, the curator inserted a cassette tape into the tape recorder, and Mao Zhaoxi listened to it and said in English: "Great, Chopin's 'Lullaby'." ”
Once, the Provincial Department of Culture hosted artists from the United States at the Hangzhou Hotel. Someone introduced that the stage of the Hangzhou Theater is very good, and he has performed the famous opera "La Traviata". "La Traviata" is a special term, and the translation cannot be translated at once. Mao Zhaoxi, deputy director of the Provincial Department of Culture, answered in Seconds in Italian.
Mr. Mao, what is your favorite opera writer?
Verdi and Puccini.
On September 18, 1997, the afternoon edition of Hangzhou Daily reported that the first operation of the Zhejiang Radio Concert Hall, the first regular concert hall in our province, changed the habit of "watching white opera" in the cultural circles, and the admission tickets priced from 20 yuan to 100 yuan were all sold publicly. Violinist Sheng China and his wife, and pianist Hiroko Soda's violin and piano recitals, as the first performance of the concert hall, were performed twice on September 20 and 21. Many "related households" heard the news of the concert and begged for tickets according to the old rules. The leaders of the Radio and Television Department politely declined one by one. News headline: Want to listen to music, go to the box office to buy tickets.
"Mao Zhaoxi, deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress, bought three admission tickets for 80 yuan at the first time, and the whole family watched it together."
My daughter often remembered the days when she went to the mountains with her father to collect herbs.
On Sunday, he went to The North Peak and Taoyuanling to collect herbs. His daughter's tonsils were swollen, and he took summer hay, dried them, and soaked them in water for her to drink, which was too bitter, but soon got better. The little aunt once had otitis media and one ear could not hear the sound. He picked rabbit grass, stuffed it into his ears, and later got better.
Whoever had diarrhea, who had tinnitus, who had a boil, Dad used herbs to cure the disease. Uncle Mao, I'm uncomfortable (Hangzhou dialect, here). He said, don't move, I'll go to eight of you to pick herbs right away."
He rode the broken bicycle left by his grandfather, his pants were rolled up, clucking, and his daughter and son went to the mountains and to the botanical garden. It was plantain, it was dandelion, and he was fascinated by plants.
We had just met in the afternoon, and around 6 p.m., dad would definitely call his daughter again. You're not good, you have to rest, you have to raise well. Every night. Admitted to the hospital in 2019, after the second wrestling, Dad did not call her again. Now, it was his daughter who called him, and his father did not have the ability to do so, and he could not remember his own phone.
Mao Jihui sometimes worried about her father's memory. Do you know me?
If I don't even know my daughter, I'm not your father's, and you think I'm Mu Da (Hangzhou dialect, a fool).
On April 12, a reporter from the Qianjiang Evening News visited Mr. Mao Zhaoxi and brought a new book on archaeology in Zhejiang
【References】
Zhao Yi, "Mao Zhaoqing: Standing Committee Members of the People's Congress Who Desperately Want to Open Their Eyes"
Mao Zhaoqing, "The Last Thing I Did when I Stood on the Last Shift of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress"
(Dutch) Rimel Knopp et al. Institute of Cultural Heritage and Museology, Zhejiang University, translated "Cultural Heritage and Museums in Critical Exploration"
Zhou Xinhua, "Remembering Professor Mao Zhaoxi and the Museum"
Pan Jiankai, "Serving as a Representative of the People"
Xin De," Professor Mao Wrote Zhong Ming with a Wave of His Hand"
Wang Anxiang,"Untie The Musical Knot"
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