Text/Yangcheng Evening News all-media reporter Liu Xinyu
Correspondent Xu Yongyi
11 April 2022 is the 26th World Parkinson's Day for Disease.
Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease, due to the denaturation and necrosis of dopamine-secreting neurons in the nigra area of the brain, resulting in a significant reduction in the content of the neurotransmitter dopamine, when more than half of the dopamine neurons will appear after necrosis will appear Parkinson's disease symptoms, showing chronic progressive progression.
Wang Yezhong, director of the Department of Neurosurgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, said that there is still no way to cure Parkinson's disease, but through the comprehensive treatment method of taking internal medicine, surgery and other auxiliary rehabilitation, it can alleviate symptoms, help patients live independently, and maintain a better quality of life.
Medical medication
Reasonable treatment of Parkinson's disease requires the correct selection of appropriate anti-Parkinson's disease drugs, and one of the principles is "individualized treatment". When it comes to the types of anti-Parkinson's disease drugs, doctors point out that the following major types of drugs can be used alone or in combination with each other, depending on the condition:
Levodopa preparations, i.e. the most familiar medopa and shinin;
Anticholinergic drugs, andtan;
The pharmacological mechanism is not yet the most well-defined, but the more commonly used amantadine;
Dopamine receptor agonists, including senflorol, tessuda, ropinirole, rotigotine transdermal patches, etc.;
Monoamine oxidase B inhibitors, including selegiline, rasagiline, catechol-0-methyltransferase inhibitors, entacapone (kodan).
Doctors remind that in principle, the same type of drugs do not advocate combination, easy to increase side effects, when a variety of drugs are used together, while increasing the treatment effect, it may also increase side effects, then it is necessary to adjust the dosage of medication or adjust the interval between taking drugs according to the specific situation.
Surgical treatment
Wang Yezhong pointed out that the surgical treatment of Parkinson's disease is currently mainly deep brain electrical stimulation therapy (DBS), that is, the familiar brain pacemaker therapy.
This therapy refers to the implantation of stimulation electrodes in the patient's brain, and then in vitro regulation through intelligent regulation devices to re-balance the nerve function of the brain, thereby controlling the symptoms of movement disorders. The advantage of brain pacemaker surgery is that it is non-destructive, reversible, adjustable, with few side effects and complications, and can achieve control of symptoms through parameter adjustment.
After surgery, the amount of levodopa medications taken by patients may be reduced.
It is generally believed that patients with Parkinson's disease for more than 3-5 years, the efficacy of the drug is reduced or the increase in the drug does not improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, and the side effects of the drug such as "on-off" phenomenon, end-of-agent phenomenon, and abnormal movement can be considered for surgery.
Adjunctive rehabilitation
Wang Yanping, chief physician of the Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, said that the rehabilitation treatment of Parkinson's patients is a useful supplement to drug treatment and surgery, mainly through the following rehabilitation training to help patients improve related functions:
1. Improve the patient's motor ability
By maintaining active and passive joint range of motion and muscle strength training, it ensures the daily exercise volume and reduces the factors of aprasis, improves the coordination and control of trunk and limb movements, mainly includes movement conversion and balance skills training such as getting up, sitting, standing, and lying down, and correcting abnormal gait.
In addition, the environment, posture, and music or language are used to induce muscle relaxation throughout the body, and the patient's motor ability is improved through visual and auditory stimulation.
2. Maintain basic life functions
Encourage patients to dress themselves, undress, wash their faces, and eat with tableware to improve their self-reliance.
3. Improve advanced brain function
These include language function training, memory training, orientation training, and training in concentration and attention to things.
4. Emotional management is important
When patients know that they have a chronic disease, they will feel depressed and anxious psychologically, and they will be emotionally agitated and even panicky. These reactions are normal, especially Parkinson's patients, prone to tiredness, grumpiness, bad mood and other symptoms, then may wish to communicate more with medical staff, give professional help. Friends, family, and social groups should also help and encourage patients. (For more news, please pay attention to Yangcheng Pie pai.ycwb.com)
Source | Yangcheng Evening News Yangcheng Pie
Image | Visual China
Editor-in-charge | Wang Moyi