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A common symptom that often occurs in calligraphy and painting cultural relics is fracture marks. The Ming Dynasty "Decoration Chronicle" said at the beginning of "the previous generation of calligraphy and painting, passed down to the present, there is no non-mutilated person", ancient calligraphy and painting circulation and preservation is not easy, basically most of them will be damaged, because this is related to the material of Chinese painting and calligraphy, it is not paper, or silk, the texture is relatively thin and delicate, will be affected by climate, environment, storage and other factors, resulting in different degrees of damage. Especially the core of the painting, it is easy to produce breakage, breakage, and breakage. If this disease is not repaired in time, it will become more and more severe, and it will eventually affect the preservation life of calligraphy and painting. The following are the main reasons for the fracture of the framed parts of the painting and calligraphy:
1 Improper human operation
Our scrolls to appreciate will definitely encounter the collection and roll, the slightest carelessness will immediately appear problems. There is also a thin rope belt, the tighter it is tied, there will be imprints, and over time there will be break marks.
2 Incorrect collection method
Heavy objects are stacked on the painting axis or are stacked on top of each other, causing the painting axis to be squeezed and deformed.
3 The impact of the collection and display environment
Calligraphy and painting repair or mounting after there is no suitable preservation environment, then its cracking will be very fast, calligraphy and painting cultural relics material is very fragile, to control its humidity, paper silk has a strong water absorption, high humidity will absorb expansion, too dry will shrink, but also cause unevenness or brittleness. Too high or too low a temperature will also affect the stability of calligraphy and painting, weaken the strength of paper and silk, and accelerate aging. Too high a temperature and humidity can also cause the growth of mold and insect pests.
4 Effects of light
Light on calligraphy and painting cultural relics, especially on paper and silk is extremely destructive, in the past if a painting was hung at home for several years, decades, without replacement or collection, its aging is very fast. After 5 or 10 years, its aging will accelerate. Whether it is natural light or artificial light, it will have an impact on the painting.
5 Material aging
This is a natural aging that there is no way to avoid it. Chinese painting and calligraphy has a characteristic is cooked paper and cooked silk, that is for the creation of calligraphy and painting and use, before the Yuan Dynasty most of the calligraphy and painting is made of cooked paper and cooked silk, the paper and silk to cook to a very thick glue alum, so that the use of pen and paper is easier to control, but also produced the problem of aging calligraphy and painting. Studies have long proved that alum is very strong on the aging of paper silk, and sulfuric acid will be produced after oxidation.
6 Improper mounting
Improper mounting can cause damage to cultural relics. The tension of the inner and outer layers of the scroll is not the same, if it is sticky, its tension is easy to control, if there is no brushing, the tension is not the same, it will immediately produce emptiness, it is easy to produce breakage. If the pulp is too thick, the mounting will also produce unevenness, and it is easy to break when rolled up. There are also mounting pieces that are too hard, it is more difficult to roll up, and it is more difficult to roll with greater force, and if you are not careful, you will break. When brushing paper, there is a wrinkle, and after one wrinkle, it is a broken mark. There is a significant difference in thickness between the core and the insert or the thickness of the two kinds of mounting is uneven, and a break occurs between the seams over a long time. Another point is the pole, if the diameter is too thin, it is easy to cause the mounting to break.
The mounting of the reels should be flat, thin, soft and sticky. In the past, the Japanese framed ancient calligraphy and paintings on the board, which did not meet the aesthetic characteristics of Chinese, and there were problems a hundred years later, in fact, the scroll was very scientific, and it was hung up when it was hung, which was very conducive to collection, a small size, but also protected the core, completely isolated from the air. The area of mounting on the board is large, and it is also polluted by light and dust, so the traditional Chinese scroll painting is very scientific and perfect.
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