The practice and effectiveness of the integrated development of the fig industry in Weiyuan County

Author: Liao Junru

Abstract: In recent years, Weiyuan County has adhered to the main line of promoting the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, regarded the development of the fig industry as an important starting point for promoting the integration of the three industries and promoting the increase of agricultural income, focused on rural reform, brand support, and interest linkage, and solidly promoted the integrated development of the first, second, and third industries, and achieved good results. However, there are still problems such as imperfect interest linkage mechanism, imperfect land circulation mechanism, financing difficulties for agricultural enterprises, lack of talents and rising labor costs, lagging planning and management. In order to achieve the rapid development of the integration of the three industries, it is necessary to strengthen organizational leadership, highlight the key points of development, promote the scale and agglomeration of agricultural operations, strengthen financial services, and establish a multi-form interest linkage mechanism, so as to solidly promote agricultural modernization and the construction of new rural areas, and accelerate the revitalization of rural areas.

Rural tertiary industrial integration (hereinafter referred to as tertiary industrial integration) refers to the realization of cross-border allocation of capital, technology, manpower and other elements through industrial linkage, industrial agglomeration, technology penetration, mechanism innovation and other means based on agriculture, so as to organically integrate agricultural production, processing, sales and catering, leisure and other service industries, promote the coordinated development of rural first, second and third industries, realize the extension of the agricultural industry chain, expand the scope of industry, and ultimately promote the sustained increase of farmers' income [1]. The Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that in accordance with the general requirements of industrial prosperity, ecological livability, civilized rural style, effective governance, and affluent life, we should accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and achieve rural revitalization. The No. 1 document of the Central Committee in 2018 calls for comprehensively deepening rural reform, vigorously promoting the integrated development of rural first, second, and third industries, promoting the quality and efficiency of rural industries, solidly promoting agricultural modernization and new rural construction, and accelerating rural revitalization[2].

Weiyuan County, Neijiang City, Sichuan Province, with agriculture as the basic support, vigorously develops rural characteristic industries, promotes the integrated development of the first, second and third industries, and has carried out long-term rich and fruitful exploration and practice, laying a solid foundation for the realization of rural revitalization. In order to further summarize the experience, the author went deep into Xiangyi Town, Jiepai Town, Zhenxi Town, Xindian Town and other places, adopted questionnaire surveys, interviews and other methods, focused on the investigation of the integration of the three industries of the fig industry in the county, mastered a large number of first-hand materials, and conducted an in-depth understanding of the development status, difficulties and problems faced by the integration of the three industries in the county, and on this basis, discussed and thought on how to solidly promote the integration of the three industries with local characteristics and achieve rural revitalization.

First, the specific practice of the integration of the three industries in Weiyuan County

In recent years, Weiyuan County has adhered to the promotion of agricultural supply-side structural reform as the main line, in accordance with the modern agricultural industry upgrading action and the requirements of the implementation plan of the characteristic agricultural industry, the development of the fig industry as an important starting point for promoting the integration of the three industries and promoting the increase of agricultural income, focusing on rural reform, brand support, and interest linkage, and solidly promoting the integrated development of the rural first, second, and third industries, and achieved good results.

(1) Take rural reform as the driving force for development and consolidate and upgrade industrial bases

Weiyuan County Party Committee and County Government formulated the "Implementation Opinions on Consolidating and Improving the Development Level of the Fig Industry", through the delineation of core protected areas and order acquisition areas, the implementation of base management subsidies, policy insurance, in-depth rural reform and other policy measures, in-depth development of rural reform and other policies and measures, in Xindian, Xiangyi, Jiepai and other towns built 10,000 acres of fig industry base, fig planting area of the first in the country. The first is to promote the reform of the rural property rights system and promote the orderly circulation of land. Weiyuan County took the lead in establishing the Sifang Village Rural Property Rights Trading Service Center in the city, radiating 4 towns in the core area of fig planting, focusing on the circulation of rural land contract management rights, building a land circulation platform, and standardizing and promoting land circulation through unified contiguous planning, unified release of information, and unified centralized transactions. Comprehensively carry out the confirmation of rural property rights such as land contract management rights, establish a "one-stop" rural property rights circulation trading system, start the reform of the rural collective asset shareholding cooperative system in 2 pilot villages, and vigorously develop moderate-scale operations, as of the end of 2017, the county's moderate-scale circulation area of more than 30 mu totaled 44,500 mu, the circulation rate reached 9.73%, and the moderate-scale circulation rate increased by 4.28%. The second is to adhere to policy support and reform at the same time to solve development problems. Weiyuan County has issued comprehensive and policy documents such as "Opinions on Deepening the Comprehensive Implementation of Rural Reform" and "Implementation Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Characteristic Agricultural Industries", implementing base management and protection subsidies, within the scope of the delineation of the core area, after the normal expiration of agricultural "BOT" operations [3], the new agricultural business entities undertaken are given a subsidy of 300 yuan per mu per year, and the subsidy period is 3 years, and the annual allocation is made after the experience is qualified. The county government guides insurance companies to carry out policy insurance for fig planters, and the county financial subsidy is 45 yuan per mu per year to improve the operators' ability to resist natural risks. Exploring the reform of the rural financial system, Weiyuan County used the management rights of rural land and the expected income of attachments as collateral to lend money to banks, realizing that the "original" of land management rights became "capital", and solved the problems of large circulating households and professional cooperatives lacking collateral and difficult loans in the process of expanding production and developing modern agriculture, and property rights and income rights could not be effectively reflected. In June 2014, Weiyuan County Xiangjialing Fig Growers Professional Cooperative borrowed 3 million yuan from the Rural Credit Union xiangyi credit cooperative with the contractual management right of 400 mu of land as collateral, which became an "ice-breaking" move for the reform of the rural financial system in Neijiang City. Up to now, the county's financing loans secured by the expected income of land management rights and attachments have reached 11.2 million yuan. The third is to strengthen infrastructure construction and improve the production environment. In accordance with the idea of "where the industry develops, where the infrastructure construction goes", Weiyuan County adheres to the comprehensive treatment of "Shanshuitian Forest Road Park", integrates agriculture, water conservancy, land consolidation and other agriculture-related projects, high-standard supporting infrastructure, and comprehensively improves the transportation, water conservancy, electricity, communications and other infrastructure in the demonstration film. For example, with the construction of the 10,000-mu fig industrial belt in Xindian Town, Xiangyi Town, and Jiepai Town, the village-level highways and water conservancy facilities have been continuously improved, and the "three networks" of the group of cement roads, household convenience roads, telecommunications networks, radio and television networks, and the Internet have entered the villages and households, laying a solid foundation for the integration of the three industries.

(2) Take scientific and technological innovation as the support for development, and strive to strengthen brand cultivation

Weiyuan County gives full play to the leading role of the "Sweet City Taste" municipal public brand, fully integrates the resources of media platforms such as television and the Internet, increases the publicity and promotion of figs in Weiyuan County in an all-round and multi-way manner, and starts and makes good use of the two golden signboards of "The Hometown of Chinese Figs" and "National Geographical Indication Protection Products". First, strengthen school-enterprise cooperation. In cooperation with China Agricultural University and other research institutes, the Fig Research Institute was established, the only professor workstation of the Chinese Agricultural University in Sichuan was established, and Moses, a professor of the Israeli Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the president of the Fig Branch of the World Horticultural Association, was hired as a consultant for the development of the fig industry in the county. By accelerating the research and development of new products, the cultivation of new varieties and the promotion of new technologies, we strive to promote the transportation and planting standards of fig fresh fruit as the national fig industry development standard, and lead the international leading level of fig dietary fiber, enzyme solid powder processing and raw pulp sterile normal temperature storage technology. The second is to strengthen brand cultivation. Issued the "Decision of the People's Government of Weiyuan County of the CPC Weiyuan County Committee on implementing the "industry-led" strategy and promoting the development of industrial parks, cultivating "Jin Sifang", "Xiangjialing", "Xi Chuntang" and "Ximei" as well-known, famous and well-known trademarks, and encouraging enterprises to create organic food certification, import and export certification, etc. At present, the fig planting base has passed the certification of pollution-free agricultural products and forest food base, and the fig dried products and fig jelly-dried products of Jinsifang Company have been certified as organic products. Through actively integrating into the "Sweet City Flavor" regional brand, 7 fig brands have been cultivated, among which fig brands such as "Jinsifang", "Xiangjialing" and "Ximei" have won the titles of "China Forest Food Demonstration Brand", "China Quality Pioneer Display Product" and "Sichuan Specialty Food". Jiuruntai Company appeared at the CCTV "Belt and Road" China Brand International Development Summit and won the honorary title of the most influential brand in the recommended big health industry. Since 2014, Weiyuan County has successfully held the "China • Sichuan (Weiyuan) Fig Picking Festival" for three consecutive years, and won the gold medal of the first Sichuan Forest Food Exhibition in 2015, which further enhanced the popularity and influence of the fig industry in the country.

(3) Focus on deep processing to boost the development of leading enterprises

Introducing three modern processing enterprises such as Jinsifang Fruit Industry and Jiuruntai, Weiyuan County actively guides the dislocation development of enterprises, and the three fig leading enterprises focus on different products and occupy different markets. Jinsifang Company mainly produces casual ready-to-eat food, Jiuruntai Company mainly produces fig enzymes and beverages, and Meirunyuan Company mainly produces fig tea, which effectively avoids regional competition in product homogenization. The county government actively encourages Jiuruntai Company to relocate to the centralized food processing area in the west of the town, and accelerates the implementation of the construction of agricultural products such as Jiuruntai Company's 500-ton fig enzyme powder production line and Jinsifang Company's 800-ton fig low-temperature refrigeration project. At present, Weiyuan has formed hundreds of products in 5 series such as fig wine drinks, stews (soup ingredients), health tea, snack foods, medicinal raw materials (fig enzymes), etc., and the products are exported to Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia and other places, and the sales revenue of fig processing products in the county reached 300 million yuan in 2017.

(4) Take the connection of interests as the core and make every effort to promote industrial integration

The first is "agriculture + tourism", leisure tourism to promote the integration of rural three industries. Weiyuan County implemented the construction of a new rural area in Sifang Village in Xiangyi Town in the south, improved tourism facilities, built star-rated restaurants, built small farms, and combined with the construction of a happy and beautiful new village, organically combined the fig industry, tourism, sightseeing and entertainment and fig culture, built a provincial-level demonstration agricultural theme park, and successfully built a four-square fig theme park as the center, relying on the industrial ring line network, connecting more than 10 rural leisure tourism nodes such as Zhiqing Museum, Fengxiang Village Shili Lotus Pond, and Dachong Mulberry Garden, to create a collection of tasting, picking and appreciation The fig tourism ring line, which integrates six functions, such as learning, farming and experience, has attracted a large number of tourists to come for sightseeing. In 2017, Weiyuan County received more than 260,000 tourists, driving the income of the tertiary industry to more than 96 million yuan. The second is "Internet + agriculture", network publicity and sales to promote the integration of rural three industries. Relying on the first county-level "rural Taobao Service Center" and village-level Taobao service station in Sichuan Province, Weiyuan County has built a village-level service station of "Rural Taobao, Yitian Online Shopping, Haha Farm" in the fig industry belt, guiding fig professional cooperatives, individual industrial and commercial households, and leading enterprises to promote e-commerce sales models, broaden the sales channels of related agricultural products, promote the comprehensive development of tourism, transportation, catering, logistics, fruit production and other industries, and realize the "transformation of production areas into scenic spots, pastoral parks, and products into commodities". The third is "special cooperation organization + base + farmer", and the new type of business entity promotes the integration of rural three industries. According to the operating mechanism of "production in the household, service in the society", Weiyuan County focuses on cultivating a number of farmers' professional cooperatives that serve the whole industrial chain of figs, and has cultivated a total of 17 fig family farms and 14 fig planting farmers' cooperatives. Under the mode of "leading enterprises + bases + specialized cooperatives + farmers", more than 2,000 farmers were driven to plant figs, and through the method of "leading enterprises + responsible stewards + farmers", small-scale and refined management and protection were carried out to increase the income of farmers from seasonal labor and fig management. At the same time, we will continue to promote farmers to increase four incomes: (1) land circulation income, farmers can get land circulation fees of 400-600 yuan / mu per year; (2) migrant income, the owner hires local farmers to manage, and pays a certain management and care fee, temporarily hire farmers to pay additional fees during the picking season; (3) the income from planting understory cash crops, during the operation period of the owner (the first 5 years), farmers can set peanuts, purple potatoes, kohlrabi and other dwarf cash crops under figs, to raise long crops in a short period; (4) return the income of the self-operation period. Fig mu yield up to 3000-4000 jin, economic life can last 10-15 years, according to the commercial fruit 5-6 yuan / jin, secondary fruit guaranteed purchase of 2 yuan / jin calculation, farmers per mu annual income of 15,000 yuan.

Second, the difficulties and problems faced by the integrated development of the three industries in Weiyuan County

(1) The interest linkage mechanism is not perfect, and it is difficult to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to participate

Although Weiyuan County has made useful explorations in the interest linkage mechanism of risk sharing and mutual benefit and win-win among the participants of rural industrial integration, the interest linkage mechanism is still not sound enough, and the continuous radiation belt power for farmers is still weak. The survey found that at present, the county's rural industrial integration mostly adopts order-based agriculture and circulation contract agriculture, and the order-based cooperation of "company + cooperative + farmer" is still in a relatively loose and less standardized state, the interest connection is relatively fragile, the contract order performance rate is not high, and the procurement of raw materials is arbitrary. In order to expand the scale of planting, some business entities transfer land to farmers, and the lease period is as long as ten years or even decades, but the rent is either unchanged, or the increase is significantly lower than the increase in the rent of similar cultivated land. In some rural industrial integration projects, the enthusiasm of farmers to participate is not high, and the core reason is that the income does not fully reflect the marketization.

(2) The land circulation mechanism is not perfect, and it is difficult to adapt to the requirements of the integration of the three industries

On the one hand, the construction of the land circulation system is not perfect, coupled with the influence of small farmers' awareness, the participation of farmers is not high; On the other hand, the shortage of land resources has led to an increase in circulation costs. At present, the turnover rate of cultivated land in the county is less than 10%, and the land circulation is not smooth, which is an important constraint on the integrated development of the three industries in rural areas.

(3) Agricultural enterprises have difficulties in financing and it is difficult to meet the needs of the integration of three industries

Due to the profit-seeking nature of industrial and commercial capital, the capital entering agriculture is more cautious, and the procedures such as mortgage and guarantee are cumbersome, and the problem of difficult loans for agricultural development still exists. For example, due to the impact of the economic downturn, there is a funding gap in the refinancing of corporate financing loans, and it takes time and labor costs to find new financing channels, and the pressure of financing loans is relatively large, affecting the normal production of enterprises.

(4) Lack of talents and rising labor costs, hindering the process of integration of the three industries

Rural young and middle-aged people go out to work, and the rural labor force is lacking, resulting in the frequent occurrence of the phenomenon of "difficulty in recruiting workers" in agricultural enterprises. At the same time, according to the county survey team, the price of agricultural labor has risen by more than 10% per year in recent years. Due to the lack of talents and the increase in labor costs, the efficiency level of enterprises is affected, and the integration of rural three industries is restricted.

(5) The planning is lagging behind and the management is not in place, affecting the integrated development of the tertiary industry

The lack of unified planning for the development of leisure agriculture has led to fragmentation and decentralization of industrial development; The lack of unified and standardized management measures and effective management methods leads to a low level of industrial management, which directly affects the degree of integration of the three industries.

Third, countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the integrated development of the three industries in Weiyuan County

Although the integrated development of the three industries in Weiyuan County is facing many difficulties and problems, the current development trend is very good after hard work. Since it is still in its infancy, in the coming period, it is time to accelerate the integration and development of the three industries, and we should fully understand the great significance of the integrated development of the three industries in rural areas, unify our thinking, update our concepts, seize the opportunity, vigorously promote it, and strive to promote the implementation of relevant policies and measures.

(1) Strengthen organizational leadership and clarify development requirements and goals

On the one hand, special leading institutions should be established to integrate the development of agricultural industries and rural urbanization, and coordinate and solve the key and difficult problems in the integrated development of the three industries; Incorporate relevant work into the overall plan and annual plan for the county's economic and social development, as an important part of the target assessment, strengthen categorical guidance, and ensure overall planning. On the other hand, it is necessary to further clarify the objectives and requirements. It is necessary to adhere to the concept of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, take the initiative to adapt to the new normal of economic development, promote the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, adhere to the characteristic agriculture as the basis, the main body of operation, the urban-rural linkage as the support, and the employment and income of farmers as the goal, actively expand the function of modern agriculture, introduce new mechanisms, new technologies, new formats, and new models into modern agriculture, innovate the industrial chain and the mechanism of linking the interests of farmers, and strive to build a modern industrial system with the integrated development of the three industries in hilly areas, forming a complete industrial chain. The new pattern of diversified functions, rich business forms, green and low-carbon, and closely linked interests has significantly improved the comprehensive benefits of agriculture, sustained increase in farmers' incomes, and significantly enhanced rural vitality.

(2) Highlight development priorities and promote deep-level integration

To promote integrated development, the focus is on exploring how to integrate. The first is to continue to explore new models. Vigorously promote the integration of "agricultural tourism integration - leisure agriculture and rural tourism, agricultural and industrial integration - agricultural product processing industry belt base united farmers, agricultural and commercial integration - agricultural product e-commerce, full-scale integration - industrial complex" and other integration methods, and actively explore new formats and new models of integrated development. The second is to adhere to the foundation of the primary industry. To consolidate the primary industry, it is necessary to speed up the improvement of various subsidy policies. Increase support and protection, focus on adjusting the excellent structure, adjust the structure of the breeding industry, the structure of varieties, and the regional structure[3], combine with reality, strengthen the leading industries of figs, and vigorously promote efficient models such as comprehensive breeding and breeding. Vigorously promote the production of green agriculture and safe agricultural products, improve the product quality standard system, testing and inspection system and traceability system, promote the standardization of the whole process of production, processing and circulation of agricultural products, and achieve the quality of agricultural products ecologically high-quality. Promote the "ecological breeding + biogas + green planting" and "rice-fish" and other breeding combined cycle development models, and build a new pattern of modern agricultural green development with resource conservation, environmental friendliness and green ecology. Strengthen the effective connection between the integrated development of rural industries and urban and rural planning and overall land use planning, and support the development of one town, one industry, one village and one product. The third is to give full play to the leading role of the secondary and tertiary industries. Continue to strengthen the agricultural product processing industry, vigorously cultivate leading enterprises with strong competitiveness, and improve the level of deep processing of agricultural products. Develop the processing of the origin of agricultural products, promote the growth of small enterprises into large-scale enterprises, and large-scale enterprises to grow into backbone enterprises, support 1-2 agricultural products or agricultural and sideline products every year, realize the transformation of individual enterprises, workshops into factories, and realize the large-scale, intensive and efficient development of agricultural resources. Strengthen the tertiary industry, highlight the characteristics of locality, ecology and humanities, guide the development of creative agriculture, agricultural product circulation and rural tourism, pay attention to differentiation and personalized development, and pay attention to retaining and inheriting the original farming culture and folk culture. Make full use of e-commerce and other information means to accelerate the process of industrial integration. The fourth is to take rural beauty as the carrier. Rural areas are an important carrier for inheriting farming civilization and folk culture, and are the main front of ecological civilization, providing great opportunities and new development areas for integrated development. Pay attention to the protection of the rural natural ecological environment[4], retain green mountains and green water, blue sky and white clouds, and carry out pollution-free and harmonious production with nature; It is necessary to pay attention to maintaining the "agricultural flavor and rustic atmosphere" and "original and simple", retain and inherit the original agricultural culture and folk culture, create a taste for original ecological life, protect the ancient buildings of ancient villages, excavate the historical and cultural value of characteristic villages and towns, and make the construction of new rural areas more distinctive and charming; It is necessary to pay attention to strengthening environmental improvement, strengthening the construction of rural roads and logistics, and building supporting infrastructure in villages; It is necessary to pay attention to supporting the construction of a number of characteristic landscape tourism villages and towns with historical, regional, and ethnic characteristics, and create rural tourism and leisure products with diverse forms and distinctive characteristics.

(3) Solve the difficulty of land use for the integration of three industries, and promote the scale and agglomeration of agricultural operations

Explore breaking down obstacles to non-agricultural land in rural secondary and tertiary industries and lowering the threshold for access. The first is to increase investment in land consolidation, concentrate on clearing land, grasp the current situation of land resources, develop unused land through multiple channels, increase land reserves, and moderately expand the scale of construction land. Second, in terms of land planning, the land department should consider the overall consideration of the rural industry and give priority to the development of green ecological industries.

(4) Strengthen financial services and solve the problem of shortage of funds for the integration of the three industries

The first is to scientifically determine the value of rural land and improve relevant laws and regulations as soon as possible. The second is to broaden the scope of support for agricultural policy finance, adopt the mode of government guidance, social participation, and market-oriented operation, fully integrate various forms of capital investment, and ensure the stability and continuity of capital investment and use. The third is to give preferential treatment to tax and interest discount policies, explore industrial development support mechanisms, cooperate with influential platforms, and focus on supporting equity financing for poverty alleviation, community participation, and agricultural industry projects led by disadvantaged groups.

(5) Establish a multi-form interest linkage mechanism around the core of farmers' income increase

The starting point and foothold of the integrated development of the three industries lies in opening up new channels for farmers to increase income and promoting farmers' sustained income increase. In the process of promoting integrated development, it is necessary to involve farmers as much as possible and share the value-added benefits of the secondary and tertiary industries. The first is to establish a mechanism for linking direct beneficiaries and interests. Guide leading enterprises to sign contracts for the purchase and sale of agricultural products with farmers, family farms, and farmers' professional cooperative organizations on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, improve models such as "company + base + farmer", reasonably determine the purchase price, implement guaranteed purchase and secondary rebates, and form a stable purchase and sales relationship. Support leading enterprises to provide loan guarantees for farmers, family farms, and farmers' professional cooperative organizations, and support order farmers to participate in agricultural insurance. Enterprises are encouraged to give priority to hiring farmers who have transferred out of the land, providing them with skills training, employment positions and social security. Strengthen the incentive mechanism for leading enterprises to unite agriculture with agriculture, introduce county-level support policies, implement relevant national, provincial, municipal and county support policies and link the interest linkage mechanism, and ensure the interests of leading enterprises related to agriculture and support agriculture. The second is to establish a comprehensive income interest linkage mechanism. Support farmers and new agricultural business entities to carry out a joint-stock system or a joint-stock cooperative system through two-way shareholding, and explore the establishment of a new model of multi-party interest linkage between enterprises, village collectives and farmers such as "output value sharing", "sustenance production" and "asset shareholding". Strengthen the transmission function of enterprises between farmers and market demand information, guide farmers to effectively adjust breeding varieties around market demand, and ensure the dual benefits of enterprises and farmers. Guide enterprises and farmers to establish agricultural benefit sharing mechanisms such as "guaranteed repurchase", "guaranteed supply", "dividends by shares + income from migrant workers", "dividends by capital + secondary rebates". The third is to establish a risk prevention and control mechanism for linking interests. Stabilize the relationship between land circulation, and promote valuation methods such as monetary settlement of rent in kind and dynamic adjustment of rent. Establish and make good use of the land circulation risk compensation fund, establish an investment and operation entity for agricultural and rural development, and improve the risk prevention and control mechanism of "pre-examination + fund bottom + secondary utilization".

See also: Abbreviated

Original title: Strengthen the integrated development of the tertiary industry and consolidate the foundation for rural revitalization - take the fig industry chain in Weiyuan County as an example

Author: Liao Junru Party School of the Weiyuan County Committee of the Communist Party of China

About author:Liao Junru (1979-), female, Han ethnicity, Sichuan Neijiang people, unit is the Party School of the Weiyuan County Committee of the Communist Party of China, the research direction is rule of law construction;

Source: Western Journal