Tumors, always reminiscent of "cancer"
It's scary
Brother Dian first suppressed you:
Things don't have to be the way you think it is!
This is a self-statement from "Tumor Jun"
Take you to understand it
Hello everyone, I am oncology jun
I know you're afraid of me
But in fact, we have two factions:
Benign
Vicious
And only malignant ones are called "cancer"[1]
I think you'll be curious
How does the "white coat" "convict" our tumors?
When we were cut off
It looks like a similar "meat"
But after we were transferred to the "pathology department"
It will be magnified, and the truth will gradually emerge...
This is a professional "interrogation" institution that all hospitals have
The white coats of the pathology department will not let go of any details
I'll be made as thin as a cicada's wing
Properly placed in a glass house
Wait to receive a "review" of 360° without dead angles under the microscope
First, the white coats will carefully observe our appearance:
The size, shape, color, arrangement of cells...
See if we look like normal organizations
The vast majority of tumor kings will be eliminated in the first round
A small number of those who are undecided will enter this round of review
Here, the white coats will be recorded
The "Wanted List" of Malignant Tumor Characteristics
Tumors are screened one by one
See if it has a characteristic protein [2-3]
Proteins are the performers of biological functions
Can be passed by protein
See what is happening to this tumor cell
What organization is coming from and what work is being done
If the second round has not yet been able to arrive at an accurate trial
Then, the white coats will use high-precision secret weapons
Collect our DNA for testing
Associate the results with a "crime repository" (data from the Pathological Diagnostic Guidelines)
Compare
See if there are any changes in the genetic material
For example, genetic mutations and so on
Accurately identify tumors
Finding weaknesses that can kill tumors in one hit[4-5]
Good guys, this meal operates down
Even if I killed it, it wouldn't work
I lost convincingly!
Then, my story
It will be written into a file called a "pathology report"
Wait for the white coats to deal with them according to my specific situation
Learn to understand the name of the tumor, in the "pathology report", the tumor name usually consists of four parts:
Site: Organs where tumors occur, such as the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys.
Degree of differentiation: the degree to which the tumor is similar to normal tissue.
See the word "high differentiation", don't worry too much, it means that the malignancy is low.
Tissue source/differentiation: Who the tumor looks like.
In most cases, the tumor develops gradually from the normal tissue of the site and naturally looks like the normal tissue of the site. This is helpful for the classification, naming, and diagnosis of tumors.
Nouns indicating nature: indicating the benign and malignant nature of tumors, such as tumors, cancers, sarcomas, etc.
For a detailed interpretation of the pathology report form, please see:
These 3 rounds of review are presented on the pathology report:
Round 1: Appearance Review
Corresponds to the "Seen Under the Microscope" section of the report: Describe the cell size, morphology, color, arrangement structure, etc. of the tumor observed by the doctor microscopically.
Second round: Feature review
Corresponding to the part of the report that assists in examining "immunohistochemical markers", (+) means that the tumor characteristic protein is expressed, and (-) means that the tumor characteristic protein is not expressed.
Round Three: Genetic Review
Corresponding to the report on "in situ hybridization": molecular pathology section. Of course, molecular pathology also includes other detection methods, such as PCR, second-generation sequencing, etc., to describe the genetic material changes of the tumor.
Dear fans and friends, regular physical examinations are very important!
The wicked must be discovered and punished early!
No matter how silent he was, he believed that the legal net would be restored without leakage.
Contributing Author: Liu Jiaying
Doctoral student of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Review expert: Liu Aijun
Chinese chief physician of the Pathology Department of the Seventh Medical Center of the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army
bibliography
[1] The Lancet. ICD-11. Lancet. 2019 Jun 8;393(10188):2275. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31205-X. Epub 2019 Jun 6. PMID: 31180012.
[2] De Smet F, Antoranz Martinez A, Bosisio FM. Next-Generation Pathology by Multiplexed Immunohistochemistry. Trends Biochem Sci. 2021 Jan;46(1):80-82. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.09.009. Epub 2020 Oct 20. PMID: 33097382.
Wei Xiaoli,Peng Huiqin,Xu Enping. A new understanding of immunohistochemistry in the era of precision medicine[J]. Chinese Journal of Immunology,2020,36(12):1536-1538. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-484X.2020.12.027.
[4] Fassan M. Molecular Diagnostics in Pathology: Time for a Next-Generation Pathologist? Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2018 Mar;142(3):313-320. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2017-0269-RA. PMID: 29494219.
Zhang Hui,Li Ruiyu,Liang Zhiyong. Pathology Moves Towards the Age of Molecular Pathology[J]. SCIENCE CHINA (LIFE SCIENCES), 2021(8). DOI:10.1360/SSV-2021-0210
Editors: Guo Qian, Wu Wei, Zhang Jie
Artist: Hai | Proofreading: Wu Yihe | Typesetting: Li Yongmin
Operation: Han Ningning | Coordinator: Wu Wei