According to the official statistics of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, in recent years, there have been about 8 million to 10 million cases of artificial abortion in the mainland every year, and studies have shown that the rate of repeated abortion is as high as 55.9%, and it is becoming increasingly "normalized" and "younger", especially if the abortion is repeated within 6 months after abortion, it is often encountered in outpatient clinics. Is "painless abortion" really "painless"? Can "painless" be equated with "no harm"?
Scientific understanding of painless abortion
There are two methods of active abortion: one is medical abortion, that is, after taking the drug, the embryo is naturally dropped; the other is artificial abortion, that is, the doctor uses instruments to enter the uterine cavity and remove the embryo. If the medical abortion fails, that is, the medicine is taken, the embryo does not move; or the drug abortion is incomplete, that is, the medicine is taken, and the embryo is not completely delivered, then the uterine clearance surgery is required, and the specific operation method is basically the same as that of artificial abortion.
Painless abortion, generally referred to as painless abortion, refers to an abortion performed under intravenous anesthesia, and there is no pain during the operation. However, this method must not be used as a means of routine birth control or contraception because it is so painful.
At present, most public hospitals carry out minimally invasive superconducting visual painless abortion, which is combined with B ultrasound and completed in the operating room. Preoperative examinations, such as ultrasound B to exclude ectopic pregnancy, confirm intrauterine pregnancy, vaginal discharge, electrocardiogram, blood routine, and examination of infectious markers, as well as exclude surgical contraindications, usually need to be completed in advance in the outpatient clinic. The painless abortion procedure takes about 5 to 10 minutes, and should be observed for two hours after the end, paying attention to vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. After the operation, you should rest for two weeks, and pay attention to keep warm, prevent colds and colds, eat more nutritious foods, and make the body recover as soon as possible.
In a period of time after painless abortion, the wound on the endometrium has not yet recovered, the cervical opening is relaxed, the original mucus plug in the cervix that prevents bacteria from entering the uterine cavity has been removed, and the new mucus plug has not yet been formed, at this time, if you do not pay attention to the hygiene of the vulva, the bacteria in the vagina are easy to enter the uterine cavity to cause infection. Therefore, after the abortion, more attention should be paid to keeping the vulva clean and hygienic, washing with warm boiled water 1 to 2 times a day, and changing the sanitary pad frequently. Do not sitz bath for two weeks or before vaginal bleeding is clean, and sexual life is prohibited for 1 month to prevent genital infection. If fever, abdominal pain, or abnormal odor of vaginal discharge occur, it may be due to infection and prompt medical attention should be presented. There may be a small amount of bleeding on the uterine wound after surgery, which gradually disappears with uterine contractions and wound repair, and the general vaginal bleeding does not exceed 10 to 15 days; if the vaginal bleeding exceeds the amount of menstrual blood, the duration is too long, and it is also necessary to seek medical treatment in time.
The harm is not reduced by "painlessness"
Although the painless abortion seems to be only a few minutes of outpatient minor surgery, the physical and mental damage caused by the superficial painless abortion to female friends is still "painful".
As long as it is an operation that enters the human body, there will be risks and complications. Induced abortion includes painless abortion surgery, complications may be uterine damage, uterine perforation, heavy bleeding, abortion syndrome (during the operation, the patient suddenly has bradycardia, blood pressure drop, pallor, sweating and a series of other symptoms, and in severe cases even fainting and convulsions).
Postoperative near- and long-term complications include postoperative infection, incomplete abortion, cervical adhesions in the uterine cavity, menstrual irregularities, and even infertility, etc., and the probability of complications of high-risk abortion (more than three abortions, lactation abortion, scarred uterine pregnancy, combined uterine fibroids, repeated abortions within half a year, etc.) is significantly increased. These complications can bring pain to women's bodies, negative effects on daily life, and contradictions to family life.
Reasonable contraception is away from harm
Abortion can be harmful, and the best way to avoid harm is through reasonable contraception. But in real life, many people have a misunderstanding of contraception.
Condoms are the safest and most effective means of contraception, and must be used correctly and throughout the process, while checking for damage before use. Contraceptives should be used correctly under the guidance of a doctor. Some girls are accustomed to using emergency contraception, but they do not know that the failure rate of emergency contraceptives is very high, and it may lead to menstrual disorders, irregular vaginal bleeding, and more mental stress.
There are also cases where you let your guard down because you don't think you're going to get pregnant, and not using contraception leads to unwanted pregnancies. For example, some people think that they are over 45 years old, or close to the age of menopause, and they are not easy to conceive, which is actually a misunderstanding. Being older does not mean that you cannot conceive, as long as you still have menstruation, you will conceive, but whether the quality of the fertilized egg is good or not is another matter.
There are also many women who think that breastfeeding will not get pregnant, in fact, sometimes although breastfeeding does not menstruate, there will still be ovulation, and contraception is also needed. Once you have an unexpected pregnancy, if you want to make a decision to have an active abortion, you must be cautious and try not to give up a life because of material conditions or "insufficient preparation". If surgery is a last resort, be sure to choose a regular hospital.
Source: China Medical News