Author | southerly
Anchor | Fan Deng Reading · Chu Qiao
Interpret the trailer
Meet · Meet your unknown self in the book.
Good evening to all book lovers, welcome to the reading column "Encounter" produced by Fan Deng Reading.
Someone said, "Everyone has a white deer in their heart." ”
Today, I will interpret the work of Mao Dun Literature Award winner Chen Zhongzhong's "cushion coffin as a pillow" - "White Deer Plain".
His writings are full of portrayals of the times and also reveal reflections on human nature.
Mr. Yang Dai said: "The world's human condition is more delicious than the bright moon breeze, which can be read as a book and can be watched as a play." ”
The writer Chen Zhongzhong's "White Deer Plain" is a human drama full of human feelings.
In the ancient and thick land of the Three Qins, there lived a group of secular people.
They hollow out their minds for food, clothing, and warmth, worry about two or two pieces of silver, obsess over fame and fortune, and suffer in the entanglement of grievances...
Read "White Deer Plain" and you will understand:
All calculations and means are just for themselves.
All his life, people are paying for their own desires.
A tug-of-war between conscience and desire
When people live in the world, they are inevitably fascinated by desire and trapped by desire.
Even Bai Jiaxuan, the seemingly most upright patriarch on the White Deer Plain, was no exception.
When he was young, he was famous for his virtue and benevolence, but after he became a family, several wives he married in succession died violently, resulting in him being childless.
Rumors have spread that he is accused of his wife and will be pointed out wherever he goes.
Because he was worried about the insult of "no filial piety has three, no posterity is greater", Bai Jiaxuan did not hesitate to scatter his family wealth and continue to marry his wife to continue the incense.
But the more he tried, the more he couldn't help it, and his sixth wife died in a bizarre way.
Bai Jiaxuan, who was anxious, had to find Mr. Feng Shui to seek a way to crack it.
Passing by the hillside of Lu Zilin's house, he found a green thistle with a hint of heat around it.
Identified by the erudite Mr. Zhu, this plant is a auspicious object that represents the spirit of the white deer.
For a time, Bai Jiaxuan's greed grew, and through scheming, he took the land with the small thistle for himself.
After that, Bai Jiaxuan really turned his luck.
He married the seventh wife of the virtuous, gave birth to a son as he wished, and earned back a large amount of silver dollars of white flowers by relying on the poppy seeds given by his father-in-law, and built himself a bright courtyard.
However, Bai Jiaxuan, who seemed to have everything, was tormented by his conscience.
The disgraceful past of land grabbing and the hidden dangers of opium cultivation made him uneasy and he could not sleep all night.
After all kinds of struggles, Bai Jiaxuan finally woke up, and he deeply repented to Lu Zilin:
"I can't stop you, and in the next life I will pay off your debts and make up for your heart."
He took the lead in pulling up poppy seedlings, and also took the initiative to repair ancestral halls and establish township covenants, using morality and ethics to regulate the villagers and restrain himself.
When he was about to fall into the abyss, Bai Jiaxuan chose to restrain the horse from the cliff, and finally won the hearts of the people and became the "backbone" on the White Deer Plain.
Schopenhauer said that man is the embodiment of desires and needs, the condensation of countless desires.
Born as human beings, we have struggled with ourselves all our lives.
In the red dust of temptation, some people are difficult to suppress their greedy hearts and unfortunately become slaves; others take the initiative to control themselves and become the masters of their own lives.
Knowing desires and stopping desires, self-cultivation and self-preservation, is a person's greatest sobriety.
There are many gullies, and the desires are the most difficult to fill
Aristotle said:
"The so-called slave is the one whose desire triumphs over reason."
Desire is not terrible, what is feared is that greed overrides reason.
Bai Xiaowen used to be heavy on the outside, skilled in handling things, no debauched words and deeds, and no bad habits of playing cards and rolling dice.
It was said that he was the most suitable patriarchal heir.
But only Bai Xiaowen himself knew how many unknown evil thoughts he had suppressed under the strict suppression of his father and behind his humble demeanor.
When Tian Xiao'e, who had long been in love, deliberately seduced him, Bai Xiaowen could not care about his own status and the current situation of the existing family, surrendered to instinct, and fell under the pomegranate skirt of the other party.
Once the valve of desire is opened, the sea of desire is difficult to fill.
Gradually, Bai Xiaowen was no longer satisfied with meeting occasionally, but sold his real estate, abandoned his wife and children, moved into Tian Xiao'e's house to mix with him, smoked a big cigarette and dreamed of death.
After tasting the beautiful forbidden fruit, he was not satisfied, and continued to extend the hand of greed to power and status.
In order to get rich from promotion, he did not hesitate to shoot and kill the noble commander Zhang, who could become a stumbling block.
In order to maintain his position, he ruthlessly eliminated the black baby who was in love with his brothers and sisters, and stepped on the body of the other party to take the position.
In the end, Bai Xiaowen sat on the throne of the county magistrate of Zishui County as he wished, but because of his disgraceful past, he became a loser spurned by everyone.
Lao Tzu has clouds: "There is no greater sin than desire, and no greater evil than dissatisfaction." ”
Unrestrained indulgence is poisoning life, which can give people pleasure in a short period of time, but in the end it will make the soul lost and lay the foundation for the road ahead.
As the saying goes, the heart should not be greedy, and the desire should not be indulged.
Instead of allowing the tree of greed to grow wildly, it is better to prune the branches in time, let go of the desire for external objects, and keep the peace of mind.
All this life, people are paying for their desires
Read a sentence:
"Man's control over desire is a comedy; desire's control over man is a tragedy."
Obviously, Lu Zilin, who is extremely ambitious and unscrupulous, has long lived into a tragedy.
Lu Zilin is one of the most influential figures in the White Deer Plain.
From his family lineage to his appearance, he asked himself if he was worse than Bai Jiaxuan, who had a straight face and a straight waist all day.
But he was good at his fate and became a respected patriarch.
Therefore, Lu Zilin carried a heart that could replace him at any time, and poured half of his strength into competing with Bai Jiaxuan.
In front of the people, he bowed down to Bai Jiaxuan, cooperated with the other party to take care of clan affairs, and conscientiously played the role of the township covenant.
After the people, he threw Bai Jiaxuan into the black cauldron of rebellion, instructed Tian Xiao'e to seduce Bai Xiaowen, the eldest son of the Bai family, who was the most prominent, and also took advantage of the fire to rob and demolish the Bai family's house to buy the Bai family's land.
However, as the writer Zhang Fangyu said:
"Desire is like a hunter cruising around, but it's actually a trap of its own making, and it's yourself who falls into it."
Lu Zilin secretly rejoiced for the face-punching Bai family, complacent about everything he had gained by means, but did not know that all the grabs needed to be repaid at a greater cost.
Bai Xiaowen, who was killed by the pit, made a comeback and immediately launched a retaliation against Lu Zilin.
He tricked Lu Zilin into prison and coerced him into the trial meeting, allowing him to witness the shooting of his former companions.
In the end, stimulated by blood and death, Lu Zilin, who had done all the bad things, was uneasy and mentally broken.
At this time, the wife was also disgusted with turning the beautiful women on the original into pillow guests, and Lu Zilin, who was full of "dry sons", mercilessly drove the stupid him out of the house.
In the middle of the night at the beginning of a cold wave, Lu Zilin was frozen to death in the firewood room.
Perhaps, until his death, Lu Zilin thought that it was Providence that tricked him, so that he could not fight the Bai Family.
However, what really destroyed him was never his opponent Bai Jiaxuan, but his own never-ending greed.
The Ming Dynasty scholar Zhuang Yuanchen said:
"The bird flies up, and its desire to be under it dies in the net; the fish dives below, and its desire is above, so it dies from fishing."
Wanting more, but being affected by it, the more you crave, the easier it is to drag yourself into the abyss.
The greatest tragedy of a person is that he has limited ability, but he is never satisfied.
Allowing endless desires to dominate you will only end up being eaten back.
Once it falls, you will have to pay for it for the rest of your life.
Sober self-denial, contentment can be self-satisfied
In the strife-ridden White Deer Plain, almost everyone is trapped by greed and left at their disposal.
However, there is such a person, as long as he moves his thoughts, he can get a good name, as long as he is willing to drill the camp, he can be high and powerful.
But he was always unmoved, living a hard life of eating and drinking.
He is Mr. Zhu.
Mr. Zhu is a 16-year-old Zhongxiucai and a 22-year-old Zhongxiu, a famous Confucian in Guanzhong.
The Governor of Shaanxi had the heart to entrust him with heavy responsibilities, but he was only willing to live in seclusion in the countryside and open a academy to educate the people.
When war was about to break out, Mr. Zhu was concerned about the people, and went deep into the enemy camp alone to persuade the Qing army to retreat 200,000 yuan and keep the peace of the fathers and elders of The Three Qins.
In the face of the official government's praise, he did not take credit, did not enter the celebration banquet, just took out the food he brought with him and ate it with hot tea, and then he brushed his clothes and did not seek merit and fame.
In the White Deer Plain, Mr. Zhu is a saint-like being, he can see through the current human affairs, and he can better see the future situation.
Therefore, when others are distracted by the desire for power, he simplifies the complexity and always keeps the scale of the heart.
When other people were ruined by fame and fortune, he walked through a smooth and smooth life in the company of a family.
The Tao Te Ching says, "Greed cannot be encouraged, but contentment can last." ”
Add a little greed to increase a thousand troubles, and subtract a point of human desire, and you will have one more point of self-satisfaction.
As social activist Yusuf Sibay put it:
"If man can restrain his desires and live a life without demand; then he can be considered to be in charge of his own life and his own destiny."
Self-denial is the way to avoid evil; only when we are content with ourselves can we attain peace and joy.
Some people say that "White Deer Plain" does not speak directly about human nature, but through a pair of sentient beings, the true and cruel human nature is vividly expressed.
In the absurd era of "human life is like grass and mustard, and people die like broken shafts", the two generations of the white deer are bitterly entangled in greed and love, but they have ended up empty in your struggle for me.
What they hide in their lives is not the epitome of our lives.
Young and crazy, always think that to achieve happiness is to embrace everything in your arms.
Only when it is truly mature will it be found that there are always uneven desires in this world, and there are always inexhaustible external objects.
The more you want everything, the easier it is to get nothing.
Socrates once said, "Contentment is a natural wealth, and desire is man-made poverty." ”
Only by not seeking the blessings of non-sharing, and not coveting the gains for no reason, can we reap true happiness.
Click "Watching" and encourage the book friends.
Column Director | Come slowly
Typography | Zheng to the north
Image | The pictures in this article come from the stills of "White Deer Plain", which was invaded and deleted
Music | Yiruma - Fairy tale