Many people have seen the science fiction work "The Wandering Earth", which describes a device called a "planetary engine", a large amount of planetary engines to shoot out of the material to push the earth out of its original orbit, embarked on the wandering road.
In the real world, we don't have the ability to build such planetary engines, so can we use something like that to push away Earth? In the real world, if you want to say that the most powerful thing to spray material, it is undoubtedly a rocket, so if you launch a large number of rockets in one direction, can you push the earth away? The Earth is a planet orbiting the Sun, which has a stable orbit, and what makes the Earth orbit the Sun stable is the gravitational force between the Earth and the Sun, the centrifugal force generated by the Rotation of the Earth, and the inertial force of the rotation.
The movement of the earth is the result of many balances of forces, and if you want to break this balance, you must have a strong external force, so that a large number of rockets are launched in the same direction, can it produce a strong external force that can push the earth?
This is a more complicated problem, because if these rockets are just placed on the launchers on the surface of the earth as usual, then no matter how many rockets there are, there is no way to push the earth. Why? Rockets rely on the reaction force generated by the downward spray of material to rise, and the ejected material will be bound by the earth's gravity and left on the earth, since these substances have not left the earth, then no matter how much force they produce, they belong to the internal forces of the earth system and will not have the slightest impact on the state of motion of the earth.
If you want to make the thrust generated by the rocket push the earth, you must build a very high launch platform and move the rocket launch position to the atmosphere, so that the external force generated can push the earth, the premise is still not considering the factor that the ejected material is re-trapped by the earth's gravity. That's why the planetary engines depicted in science fiction are towering.
Well, now that the towering launch platform is in place, how many rockets do you need to prepare to propel the Earth? This needs to be calculated, let's start with 100 million pieces. To change the trajectory of the Earth is to impose an acceleration in a different direction on the Earth, and the acceleration is equal to the force divided by the mass, the force here refers to the thrust of the rocket, and the mass is the mass of the Earth. So let's take the Saturn V super heavy carrier rocket as an example, because its take-off thrust is as high as 3400 tons.
The thrust of a rocket is 3400 tons, and the thrust of 100 million rockets is 3400 multiplied by 1000000000, that is, 34000000000 tons.
This number looks quite large, but unfortunately, its denominator is much larger than it is, because the mass of the Earth is as high as 60 trillion tons. Speaking of which, some people will surely ask, how do you know that the mass of the earth is 60 trillion tons? The gravitational force that people receive on the earth is equal to the gravitational force between people and the earth, so you only need to know how heavy you are, and then substitute the gravitational formula and the gravitational force formula of the object to get the number 5.965 * 10∧24kg, which is the mass of the earth, about 60 trillion billion tons. When using this formula, don't forget to thank three people, the first is the ancient Egyptian sage who measured the radius of the earth, the second is Newton who discovered the gravitational force, and the third is Cavendish, who measured the gravitational constant. Cavendish, who solved the last puzzle, is revered as the "man who measured the mass of the Earth."
After knowing the mass of the earth, this problem can no longer be called a problem, because you will find that even the thrust of 100 million rockets has almost no impact on the earth.
In fact, not only one hundred million, even a billion, or even ten billion, have no way to change the orbit of the earth, so it is impossible to push the earth away, at least at the current level of human technology. In fact, even if we really have the ability to push the earth, it is very dangerous to do so.
If you can't control the direction of the earth's progress steadily, it is a very dangerous thing to push the earth away from its original orbit.
The trajectory of the earth's movement is the result of the joint action of a variety of forces, once the original balance is broken, the light will occur in the earth-moon collision accident, the heavy will be directly engulfed by the gravitational pull of the sun, even if it is such a thing as the earth-moon collision, it will also cause a devastating blow to the earth's ecology. So let the earth wander, this may just be a beautiful dream for us, when billions of years later, the sun has entered the end of life, if human civilization is still alive, our descendants may have to abandon the earth as a home, take a spaceship at the speed of one-tenth of the speed of light to start a long interstellar migration journey, to find new habitable planets decades away. And we, who have long been buried deep under the earth's soil, will throw ourselves into the embrace of the sun with the earth.