I can't run far and I'm out of breath, and I can't catch my breath after climbing a few flights of stairs. Maybe it's the child you're familiar with, maybe it's your own child. The things I love to eat are getting higher and higher in calories, the burden of learning is getting heavier and heavier, and the amount of exercise is getting less and less.
Find out why your child is getting fat, and from now on, find a way to control it.
Obesity (Obesity) is a nutritional disorder due to the long-term consumption of energy intake exceeding the consumption of the human body, so that the excessive accumulation of body fat, weight exceeds the reference value range, of which simple obesity accounts for 95% to 97%. School-age children in some mainland cities are already overweight and obese by more than 10%. In 2005, the World Health Organization estimated that 1.6 billion adults worldwide were overweight, of whom at least 400 million were obese. Worldwide, about 22 million children under the age of 5 are obese, and one in ten are overweight; about 150 million of school-age children are obese.
Most people think that the fatter the child, the stronger the stronger, in fact, the mainland, especially the urban children's physical fitness is getting worse and worse; childhood obesity in turn leads to a gradual increase in the number of children with diabetes, obesity and diabetes, asthma, allergies, sexual development and other close relationships, the problem is becoming more and more prominent. In particular, those with family history should be paid more attention to.
First, the causes of childhood obesity
Excessive energy intake: unreasonable dietary structure, excessive intake of high-calorie, high-fat foods; genetic factors: obese children often have a family history of onset, which may be related to mutations and genetics of obesity-related genes; other: fast eating speed, poor family environment, learning overload, etc.
Second, obesity diagnosis
1. Height-weight method: Children weighing more than the same sex and the same height refer to the average population, 10% to 19% are overweight, more than 20% can be diagnosed as obese, 20% to 29% are mildly obese; 30% to 49% are moderately obese; more than 50% are severely obese.
2. Body mass index (BMI): weight (kg) / height (m2).
Adults (WHO) ≥ 25 are overweight and ≥ 30 are obese. Chinese adults cut-off points 24 and 28 after the age of 18. Children vary by age and sex, with BMI values ranging from P85 to P95 being overweight and exceeding P95 being obese.
3. Clinical manifestations
Clinical symptoms: strong appetite, sweets, fatigue and shortness of breath, obesity and poor oxygenation syndrome. Some kids have a hard time running.
Obese black acanthosis: Some obese children, the neck and armpits appear very dirty, as if they are always not washed, always criticized by parents for not paying attention to hygiene; in fact, he is obese black acanthosis. Skin hyperpigmentation, hyperkeratosis, warty proliferation; 95% of severe obesity have echinoderma nigricans. Acanthosis nigricans is a skin marker of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in obese people.
Fourth, obese children need to do the examination items
Routine laboratory tests:
1. Blood pressure; 2. Blood sugar; 3. Sugar tolerance; 4. waist circumference, cholesterol; 5. HDL; 6. LDL; 7. Triglycerides, liver B ultrasound.
Fifth, the treatment of childhood obesity
The treatment principle of obesity is to reduce the intake of thermogenic foods and increase the body's consumption of heat energy, so that the body fat is constantly reduced and the weight is gradually reduced. The treatment methods for obesity are: diet therapy, exercise therapy, drug treatment, etc. Diet therapy and exercise therapy are the two most important measures, and the effect of drug treatment is not very certain. Surgical treatment has serious complications and should not be used in children.
1. Diet therapy: Children are in the growth and development stage, obesity treatment should be long-term, so it is recommended: low-fat diet, low-sugar diet, high-protein, high-micronutrient diet, appropriate amount of fiber recipes. Children should not be too restricted in their diet.
2. Exercise Therapy:
Such as morning running, walking, doing exercises, etc.
Exercise intensity: at least 30 minutes a day, exercise at least 5 days a week.
Exercise prescription focus: the amount of activity is based on the principle of ease and fatigue after exercise; avoid excessive activity.
3. Medication:
Metformin: Metformin is an extremely effective adjunctive treatment for children with severe insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents over 10 years of age who develop severe insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and polycystic ovary syndrome.
Sibutramine: has the dual effect of suppressing appetite and enhancing metabolism, for the treatment of obesity over 16 years of age with dietary control and exercise that is still uncontrollable. There are side effects of increasing heart rate and blood pressure, so obese children with high blood pressure cannot use it.
Amphetamines, indoles, and thyroxines should be used with caution in children.
6. TCM dialectics and typing
1. Spleen deficiency and dampness obstruction
Symptoms: easy to be tired and weak, heavy head and body, puffiness, greasy mouth, less food and bloating, loose stool, short urine, light and fat tongue with tooth marks, white and slippery tongue, thin and greasy, slow pulse.
Treatment: Healthy qi and spleen and wet.
Treatment: Ginseng Baishu scattering cut.
Ginseng, Poria and Psyllium 20 g each, Guizhi 10 g, Ze Diarrhea, Lai Shu, Cang Shu, Bai Shu, Self-Defense 15 g each, Astragalus 30 g, Licorice 6 g, Wet or even 20 g Coix Kernel, Decoction, 1 dose per day.
2. Sputum wet internal evidence
Symptoms: abdominal obesity as the main feature, the head and body are heavy, like to lie quiet, the body is weak, the phlegm is more than full, the chest is stuffy, the mouth is greasy, the tongue body is fat and large, there are tooth marks, the tongue is white and slippery, white and greasy, and the pulse is deep.
Treatment: rationalization and gasification of phlegm and dampness.
Treatment: Erchen Ping gastric dispersion cut.
6 grams of licorice, 10 grams of Cangshu and Magnolia, 20 grams of cooked half-summer, poria and tangerine peel, 20 grams of coix seeds, 15 grams of winter melon peel, 6 grams of rhubarb, etc. Decoction, 1 dose daily.
3. Spleen and kidney yang deficiency
Symptoms: often afraid of cold limbs, waist and knees, lower abdomen cold pain, whole body obesity and edema but to face and lower limbs as the most important, urinary is unfavorable, loose stool, white face, pale tongue, white and slippery tongue, veins are thin and weak.
Treatment: Warm kidney and healthy spleen and wet.
Treatment: Jinkui Kidney Qi Pills Plus Ling Gui Shu Gan Tang Cut.
Cannon appendage, baishu and licorice 6 grams each, yam, dogwood 15 grams each, cinnamon stick 9 grams, Ze diarrhea, poria and peony peel 10 grams each, cooked dried ground yellow 20 grams. Decoction with a syrup, 1 dose per day.