The name Xiao Minghua is very unfamiliar to many people. More than 70 years ago, Xiao Minghua was an agent of our party who invaded Taiwan, and he was only 28 years old when he died.
The famous writer Xie Bingying once called her "China's most promising young female writer"; she was also known as "Sister Jiang of the North Normal University". In 1948, the young Xiao Minghua came to Taiwan for the reunification of the motherland, and even though he died nine times, he still did not regret it. In order to find out the intelligence, Xiao Minghua went in and out of the Tiger's Den many times.
Pictured| Xiao Minghua
In 1950, Taiwan's underground organization was devastated, and Xiao Minghua was arrested at home. When she was surrounded by enemies, she calmly put away her clothes on the bamboo pole outside the house. It was a normal little thing, and the enemy didn't stop it. Xiao Minghua calmly and calmly sent out a signal under the eyes of the enemy: the bamboo pole is nothing, there is danger, everyone is careful, do not easily enter and exit.
Xiao Minghua was tortured in the Kuomintang prison, but he never gave in. The reactionaries were furious and brutally killed her. At the last moment, Xiao Minghua left a desperate letter to his relatives. More than 30 years later, Xiao Minghua's ashes were sent to the mainland.
In the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery, there is a tombstone on the back that does not indicate her life deeds. Innocent and noble, white jade flawless, there are only three big words in the back "Return to Xi"!
One of the most promising female writers
Xiao Minghua is a heroine lurking in Taiwan for the great cause of the reunification of the motherland. Before his sacrifice, Xiao Minghua left a suicide note in which he explained to his brother and sister-in-law: "Don't take my ashes home, I want to stay in Taiwan until the moment of true reunification." Xiao Minghua smiled and died, perhaps she thought that the two sides of the strait would soon be reunified.
In her suicide note, we can see the expectations in her heart. That's why she wanted to leave her soul in Taiwan, because she gave up her young life without hesitation in order to liberate it.
Xiao Minghua's family did not know her true identity until the 32nd year of her sacrifice, when the organization announced her identity to the outside world and posthumously honored her as a martyr. Xiao Minghua's family knew what a terrible thing their relatives had done before they died. Xiao Minghua's nephew said: "It turns out that my aunt is a hero who is engaged in intelligence work for the country. ”
In August 1922, Xiao Minghua was born in Jiaxing County, Zhejiang Province, to an ordinary family. His father, Xiao Zishan, was an ordinary farmer who had studied private school for several years. Xiao Zishan farmed in Chaoyang County, Guangdong Province, in his early years, and later the harvest was not good, so he came to Shanghai Beach to make a living in order to support his family.
There are many Chaoyang compatriots in Shanghai Beach, and Xiao Zishan hopes to get help from his fellow villagers and find a job. In Shanghai around the 20th century, employment was difficult and there were unemployed people everywhere. Fortunately, Xiao Zishan was well-liked, and with the help of relatives and friends, he found a job in Shanghai Beach. A family reluctantly settled in Fengjiaqiao, Jiaxing County, Zhejiang Province, and Xiao Zishan worked harder.
A few years later, Xiao Zishan worked diligently and established a family hand-knitting socks workshop in the local area. Xiao Minghua's parents used their industrious hands to earn money to support their families, and the family of 7 was settled. Xiao Minghua has three older brothers and an older sister, she is the youngest sister in the family, and she is also the most sensible and intelligent child.
The whole family liked Xiao Minghua very much, calling her "Huabao", which was not until Xiao Minghua signed up for the first elementary school, and then named her "Minghua" according to local customs. The family was not rich, but the father insisted on sending the children to school, except for the elder sister who was sick and did not go to school, the three brothers and Xiao Minghua all went to school.
Soon after Xiao Minghua entered primary school, the country was in turmoil and warlords were fighting. Father Xiao Zishan's handicraft workshop was affected and eventually went bankrupt. The father had to find another way out, and the family moved to Kaifeng, Henan Province, in order to make a living. After graduating from primary school, Xiao Minghua was determined to rejuvenate the country through education and engage in education. Therefore, Xiao Minghua chose to be admitted to Henan Kaifeng Normal University with excellent results.
In 1939, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression had broken out in an all-round way, the country was facing a crisis of life and death, and tens of thousands of Chinese sons and daughters rushed to the battlefield to fight for the motherland. The land of China was full of wars, and my father took his whole family to Chongqing to avoid the war.
Xiao Minghua was adrift in childhood, and his father took his family all the way, which was very difficult; the twists and turns of this road tempered Xiao Minghua's will, she understood the difficulties of life prematurely, and knew that people can only overcome difficulties and sufferings by relying on strong will.
In the war years, Chongqing was overcrowded and prices soared. The market economy is chaotic, and the social environment is equally chaotic. Various anti-Japanese divine comedies stirred in the streets, and the anti-Japanese enthusiasm of students and the people was high, and they marched in the streets. The scene is very spectacular, and Xiao Minghua is also among them.
Soon after, Xiao Minghua was admitted to The National Women's Normal College in Baisha with excellent results. This is a famous teachers' college, the school Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, many well-known progressive scholars are here.
Many modern literary heroes came out of this school, such as Xu Shousheng, Wei Jiangong, Li Jiye and others. The works they created accompanied the growth of generations, and Lu Xun had great respect for them.
Under the pseudonyms of Mortal Man and Ji Pingping, Xiao Minghua wrote a large number of essays, novels and other works, which were published in famous journals such as "Yellow River" and "North Star".
After Xiao Minghua finished his creation, he would always give Xie Bingying (then the editor-in-chief of the Yellow River Monthly Magazine) the first time to evaluate, and the two became close friends. Xie Bingying was less than 40 years old, participated in the Northern Expedition and wrote many popular works. At that time, Xie Bingying's works were mainly to record the deeds of the Northern Expedition, and Xiao Minghua often read Xie Bingying's works.
When Xiao Minghua graduated, Xie Bingying wrote an inscription for her: "She loves green, is a peace-loving person, both intelligent and compassionate, she has her own unique views on literature, the writing style is unique, I dare to assert that as long as she persists, she will become an excellent female writer." ”
This is Xie Bingying's evaluation and expectation of her, but Xiao Minghua has her unique thoughts, and she unswervingly chooses another path.
Dedicate everything I have to the Chinese Communist Party
On August 15, 1945, Japan surrendered, and the Chinese people celebrated the whole country. Xiao Minghua successfully entered the coveted Peking Normal College, and a large number of AMERICAN troops poured into China. The student movement was in full swing and the scene was very shocking. Xiao Minghua read many progressive books, and his revolutionary enthusiasm was high.
Figure | student movement
On December 29, 1946, more than 900 teachers and students of Beiping Normal College, dissatisfied with the violent actions of the reactionaries, held an anti-riot conference. Unexpectedly, the wind leaked out, and reactionary agents infiltrated the school and wantonly destroyed it.
The reactionaries' actions aroused the antipathy of The Peking Higher Education School, and in order to safeguard China's sovereignty, the students of Beiping spontaneously formed a parade of 5,000 people and shouted in the streets: "Resolutely safeguard sovereignty!" U.S. troops withdraw from China! Xiao Minghua was also among them, and the revolutionary enthusiasm was high.
Zhu Fangchun, a teacher in the Department of Education of the Normal College, is an underground member of the Communist Party of China, and in several activities, he noticed that Xiao Minghua was an excellent female comrade who loved the country. In September 1947, Zhu Fangchun explained his identity to Xiao Minghua, who was solemnly respected and immediately expressed his desire to join the Communist Party of China.
Zhu Fangchun was very satisfied after knowing this, but considering the hardships of the revolution, he still reminded: "Underground intelligence work is not the same as the student movement, intelligence work is very dangerous, and it is possible to sacrifice at any time." Enthusiasm alone is not enough, but also enough will, I hope you can seriously consider, do not easily decide. ”
Xiao Minghua stood up violently and said emphatically: "I have already imagined this matter in my mind countless times, the enemy's gun may be against my forehead, their butcher's knife may be on my neck, I will still choose revolution without hesitation." Since then, Xiao Minghua has smoothly become a member of our party's underground workers.
Figure | "Summer Sentence"
Xiao Minghua was about to graduate, and he wanted to ask Professor Wei Jiangong to leave a letter to commemorate and write a "Summer Sentence". Professor Wei felt that this poem was not suitable for women, so he reminded Xiao Minghua whether to change to a soft poem.
However, the thin Xiao Minghua said firmly: "The country is in turmoil, and as Chinese, we should put life and death aside." Wei Jiangong was shocked in his heart, only to find that this student had a huge power hidden in his heart. Things are always so coincidental, this poem has become a portrayal of Xiao Minghua's life.
In 1948, Xiao Minghuayuan's teacher in Taiwan, Tai Jingnong, wrote many letters saying that there were fewer teachers in Taiwan and invited her to work in Taiwan.
Figure | Tai Jing Nong
Xiao Minghua did not want to leave the mainland, but when he thought that Taiwan would be liberated sooner or later, if he could come to Taiwan earlier to collect intelligence, he believed that the liberation of Taiwan would soon be realized.
Xiao Minghua told Zhu Fangchun that she could go to Taiwan to start a new job. Zhu Fangchun was very surprised by Xiao Minghua's idea, thinking that it was a very far-sighted idea.
The party organization very much recognized Xiao Minghua's idea and issued instructions for Xiao Minghua to go to Taiwan for observation. After graduating from college, Xiao Minghua did not go to the graduation ceremony, but returned home to visit his parents. Xiao Minghua's parents are already old, and it is very likely that she will not see the second elder when she leaves.
Xiao Minghua said with tears in his eyes to his parents who loved him since childhood: "Mom and Dad, you raised me with hard work, but I did not stay by your side to fulfill filial piety, will you blame me?" ”
The mother took her daughter's hand and said kindly, "Silly child, how can we blame you?" You are so good, has always been our pride, what you want to do, we all support you. ”
The 26-year-old lurked in Taiwan as a teacher and sent top-secret intelligence from Taiwan six times
Xiao Minghua hid his attachment to his relatives and the mainland in his heart, embarked on a cruise ship to Taiwan, and fought in another part of China without hesitation.
On July 4, 1948, Xiao Minghua arrived in Taiwan, and liao Weiqing, a former friend of the same window, came to pick her up at the dock. The next day, Xiao Minghua visited Mr. Tai Jingnong, and Xiao Minghua chose to teach at Taiwan Normal College.
Xiao Minghua taught courses at Taiwan Normal College, and her unique teaching methods and outstanding literary style made her quickly gain a foothold in Taiwan. Xiao Minghua made many friends in Taiwan, and no one doubted her true identity.
Zhu Fangchun of Beiping organized the student movement, but the influence was too great, and he was targeted by Fu Zuoyi. The reactionaries wanted Zhu Fangchun, and his movements were restricted. The organization issued instructions for him to go to Taiwan, first, to avoid domestic pursuit, and second, to support Xiao Minghua.
Figure | Fu Zuoyi
After Zhu Fangchun came to Taiwan, in order to hide his eyes and ears, he assumed the pseudonym "Yu Fei."
In order to work better in the future, the organization won Xiao Minghua's opinion on whether he was willing to pretend to be a couple with Yu Fei. This is a more difficult thing for both people, because Yu Fei already has a family. Xiao Minghua is a single and unmarried talented woman, who has an impact on her reputation, and may be misunderstood by Yu Fei's wife.
Xiao Minghua said: "I am not afraid of the shadow oblique, as long as it is for the revolution, I can accept it." ”
On January 31, 1949, Xiao Minghua and the "Taiwan New Alliance" established by Yu Fei went underground. Chinese mainland the situation of liberation is very good, and our party is about to start liberating Hainan Island and other islands. The organization contacted the underground organization in Taiwan and issued instructions: cooperate with the PLA's military operations along the coast.
After receiving the instructions, Xiao Minghua and others acted quickly. Xiao Minghua and others quickly collected and sorted out relevant intelligence on China's islands, roughly estimating that there may be more than 50 pieces of top-secret intelligence, and with the efforts of comrades, they were successfully delivered to the hands of the mainland party organizations.
"Taiwan Soldiers' Geographical Map" is a map drawn by Japan during its time in Taiwan, the content of the map is very detailed and accurate, after the Japanese surrendered, Chiang Kai-shek did not take anything from them, earning enough good feelings of the Japanese, this map naturally fell into the hands of Chiang Kai-shek.
The reactionaries defended the map very tightly, but they copied it under the careful planning of our party underground personnel.
Sending out this information is a difficult and dangerous task, and the psychological test of the transporters is very large. Just when Xiao Minghua and the others were at a loss, they accidentally learned that an old man living alone in a friend was going to visit relatives in the mainland. The old mother has limited mobility and has no other relatives to accompany her.
Xiao Minghua thought of a way to have the best of both worlds, Yu Fei took the initiative to find the old mother to express his willingness to take care of her back to the mainland, the old mother gladly accepted, let Yu Fei pretend to be his relative. As a result, the intelligence gathered by Xiao Minghua and others was successfully transmitted to the organization.
In the days that followed, Yu Fei used this method many times, entering and exiting the tiger's den many times, overcoming all difficulties, and sending out the information accurately and unmistakably for 6 consecutive times.
Xiao Minghua: When arrested, he made a move and successfully sent the signal
In 1949, the Chiang Kai-shek clique was defeated and the Kuomintang retreated to Taiwan. Chiang Kai-shek was like a frightened bird, taking precautions everywhere, and the whole island entered the "alert." As a result, everyone on the island of Taiwan is at risk.
Pictured| Chiang Kai-shek
On February 4, 1950, this day was Xiao Minghua's birthday, and she invited the family of her third brother Xiao Mingzhu to come to her home for her birthday. When Xiao Minghua's family was chatting happily at the dinner table, there was a sudden rush of knocking at the door.
Xiao Minghua knew in his heart that someone might come to find Yu Fei. Xiao Minghua walked calmly to the door, opened the door and said, "Hello, who are you looking for?" The stranger did not answer, nor did he reveal his identity, and went straight into the house, looking inside and out.
Xiao Minghua's brother tried to stop him, but Xiao Minghua stopped him and signaled him not to act rashly. After the stranger finished looking, he did not find anything unusual, and directly asked, "Where is Professor Yu Fei?" ”
Xiao Minghua said: "My husband is not at home, he went to visit friends, he often likes to visit relatives and friends. The stranger saw that there was nothing unusual and left.
Xiao Minghua knew very well that the sudden arrival must be a Kuomintang agent, and they sensed this place, indicating that they were not far from being exposed. Xiao Minghua hurriedly pulled the third brother into the room and said admonishingly: "If someone in Taiwan asks what kind of relationship you have with me, you will talk about the relationship between brothers and sisters, and sometimes you will help me, and there will be nothing else." ”
After the third brother's family left, Xiao Minghua got busy and wanted to send out the existing information in his hand. Her comrades-in-arms advised her to avoid the limelight and suspend the work in her hands, but Xiao Minghua said: "Sooner or later, I will be discovered, if I am different from usual, I am afraid that I will provoke more suspicion." Therefore, Xiao Minghua went to class as usual.
On February 6, Xiao Minghua was in class at the Normal College, explaining "Song of Righteous Qi". No one knew that this had become Xiao Minghua's last lesson.
That night, Xiao Minghua returned home after class. Kuomintang officers and soldiers rushed in and arrested Xiao Minghua. Xiao Minghua was calm and unhurried, and seemed to have expected such a day. Xiao Minghua said, "Wait a minute, I'll put away the clothes at home." Xiao Minghua calmly and calmly put away the clothes on the bamboo pole outside the door, which was the last time she sent a "dangerous" signal to her comrades-in-arms.
After Xiao Minghua was imprisoned, he was still very concerned about the safety of the party organizations outside. Someone came to visit Xiao Minghua, and Xiao Minghua suddenly had a plan, asking someone to take a bottle of medicine out, and there were only seven "cod liver oil pills" left. "Fish" means "to", and there are "7" grains, which means "to go".
The meaning that Xiao Minghua wants to convey is "Yu go", and let Yu Fei leave quickly. When the comrades received the secret message from Xiao Minghua, they were moved to tears. Xiao Minghua was in danger, and what he remembered most was the safety of his comrades outside.
The situation is urgent, and the organization is also trying to rescue comrades who have been exposed. In March 1951, Yu Fei and other comrades escaped from danger, and they returned to the mainland, followed by various intelligence on islands such as Hainan and Taiwan.
In May of the same year, China's Hainan Islands and Zhoushan Islands were successfully liberated, thanks to the intelligence gathered by Xiao Minghua and Yu Fei in Taiwan, these comrades working in the enemy's rear were indispensable.
Xiao Minghua collapsed in a pool of blood, facing the mainland
After Xiao Minghua was arrested, he was imprisoned by the enemy in a terrible prison, known as "Yan Luo Temple". According to relevant Taiwanese records, the little ghost in the "Yan Luo Temple" was very cruel to Xiao Minghua, and in order to force her to tell the information of our party, various punishments were used, such as tiger stools, electric shocks, hanging beatings, and other tortures.
In prison, Xiao Minghua was tortured to the point of blurring flesh and blood, and had multiple fractures. In order to make Xiao Minghua's psychological defense line collapse, the enemy did not let her sleep for 5 consecutive days. The enemy wanted to break through her psychological defenses, and after the collapse, he told the intelligence of our party.
The enemy underestimated Xiao Minghua's perseverance, and in the face of various difficulties, she never gave in. In the face of the enemy's torture, Xiao Minghua always responded: "The Chinese Communists will never give in, I don't know anything, no matter how many times you ask, I still don't know." ”
Xiao Minghua was tortured by the enemy for 278 days in prison, and the enemy used all kinds of "methods" without getting a single useful information. A small worker in the detention center saw Xiao Minghua's torture: the enemy tied Xiao Minghua's hands with ropes, hung them on a beam, and then put them down, her hands were broken.
On the night of November 7, 1950, the lights in one of the detention center's offices were turned on for a long time. The other comrades in prison realized that one of them was leaving, and that it was the enemy preparing for tomorrow's "execution.".
Sure enough, at dawn, the enemy reversed right and wrong and announced Xiao Minghua's "crime," announced the "death penalty," and immediately executed him.
The other comrades in prison hugged Xiao Minghua tightly, and the victims choked in a low voice. Xiao Minghua calmly walked out, took out the wooden comb given to her by her mother, and said: "I have long thought that there will be today, it will be okay, my hair is messy, can Xiao Song help me?" ”
With red eyes, Xiao Song walked over, untied Xiao Minghua's braided braids, and gently combed them up...
On November 8, the dark cell door was opened, and Xiao Minghua stood up, straightened his clothes and hair, said goodbye to his sisters in prison, and then strode out of the prison. The sisters behind them cried silently...
Xiao Minghua left a suicide note to his brother and sister-in-law: "Third brother, my sister-in-law is not good for me, and I am tired of you." I believe that you will be safe and sound, do not be sad for my death, I was ready to die when I chose this path. You must take care of your health, don't take me to the mainland, I want to stay in Taiwan. ”
Xiao Minghua and her three comrades-in-arms were taken to the execution ground, and a look of reluctance appeared on her calm face, and she looked in the direction of the mainland of the motherland. The reactionaries' gunshots rang out, and Xiao Minghua collapsed in a pool of blood, only 28 years old.
Xiao Minghua's tombstone is engraved with "Return to Xi"
In the 1980s, Xiao Minghua's identity was announced and he was posthumously recognized as a revolutionary martyr by the Central Investigation Department. Xiao Minghua's family and friends only learned her true identity.
On September 11, 1982, an elderly man stepped off the plane. Several people who had been waiting for a long time at the airport, after seeing the old man, gathered around and took the Nanmu box in the old man's hand. The old man was Xiao Minghua's third brother, and he came to greet his eldest brother, second brother and other relatives.
Pictured | the reverse of Xiao Minghua's tombstone
Xiao Minghua's relatives believe that their Huabao is "white and flawless", and she does not care about the name behind her. Therefore, there is no introduction to the life deeds behind the tombstone, only three big words "Return to Xi"!