Qian Liqun: How did you meet Lu Xun in middle school?

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Lu Xun is an unavoidable cultural and ideological heritage of 20th-century China. However, Lu Xun himself said: "My articles, people with no experience really may not be able to understand them", which shows that not all of Lu Xun's works are suitable for middle school students to read, and they must choose. In my opinion, the works of classic writers such as Lu Xun are not necessary or impossible for students to read and understand at once, and fully understand, but to "understand and understand." Because Lu Xun's works are to be read for life, and they are often read and often new, so reading Lu Xun in the middle school stage is mainly to understand a general idea, to be able to understand a little, to have a little understanding, and to have a little understanding, which is enough. And our estimation of the understanding and perception of middle school students is often low, especially today's children, their social contact, and their vision, than our own childhood, their thinking is far more complex than we adults imagine, the key is how we guide.

To guide middle school students to read Lu Xun, we must grasp two ends, one is the reality and essence of Lu Xun's thoughts and works, and the other is the characteristics of middle school students' intellectual development and the inherent desire for life growth, and strive to find a point of convergence between the two basic beliefs of "believing in Lu Xun's charm of his people and his writings" and "believing that middle school students can communicate with Lu Xun through guidance."

Guiding middle school students to read Lu Xun should be a kind of "process" reading that meets Lu Xun - first "feel Lu Xun", then "read Lu Xun", then "study Lu Xun", and finally "talk about Lu Xun", so that middle school students and Lu Xun have a gradual and deeper relationship.

To feel Lu Xun, we must first face a reality: through classroom teaching and other channels, middle school students already have a "pre-understanding" of Lu Xun, some of which help students to approach Lu Xun, and some make students "fearful" of Lu Xun, so they stay away from or even reject Lu Xun. How to make middle school students feel intimate with Lu Xun and be willing to approach him, so that "(the teacher) wants me to read (Lu Xun)" into "I (myself) want to read" is a difficult problem that must be solved. To feel Lu Xun is to see Lu Xun as a "person" like us, to find the common point of life, and to think about the relationship between "he" and "me". Middle school students are in the life stage of turning from "teenager" to "youth", how to deal with the relationship with their parents and look back on their childhood is a problem that middle school students are concerned about and feel distressed, and this is also a lifelong entanglement for Lu Xun. Therefore, starting from reading works on topics such as "father and son" and "the deception of childhood hometown", and turning Lu Xun's proposition into the student's own life proposition, Lu Xun walked down from an unattainable height and a distance, came closer, came to us, and even walked into the heart of "I": the original sense of distance and strangeness was naturally eliminated. They will talk to Lu Xun like friends about their troubles, and at the same time listen to Lu Xun's self-talk.

With such an overall feeling, students can be guided to "read Lu Xun". The so-called "reading Lu Xun" is "to enter Lu Xun's world, listen to his voice, and have a spiritual dialogue with him." To find a certain point of convergence in "Lu Xun's world" and "youth's world", it can not only mobilize students' enthusiasm for reading, stimulate their imagination and creativity, but also show some basic points of Lu Xun's life and art: his pursuit of "love" and "beauty", his love and reverence for the "life" of man and nature, his emotion of "love and hatred are not separated", his flesh and blood connection with the people at the bottom, his uninhibited imagination and language creativity, his poet and artist's literacy and temperament... All of these constitute the bright colors of Lu Xun's life, constituting his life base that is enough to resist the darkness of the outside and the inside. Let middle school students first contact and understand this aspect of Lu Xun's life, literature and art, and get to know such a Lu Xun who is full of "pure heart", which is not only in line with the psychological characteristics of the middle school era, but also the basis for correctly grasping Lu Xun.

With such a basic grasp, students can be guided to contact and understand the more serious and heavy aspects of Lu Xun. See how Lu Xun faced reality, how he made his own unique, enlightening and even prophetic observations and expressions of 20th century China and China's history, and strived to have a deeper exchange with him. Maybe in the subtle way, he will change your thinking inertia and discourse style - this may be lu xun's meaning to China, to each of us.

In my opinion, high school students are going to be or have become citizens, and we need to consciously cultivate their sense of citizenship. One of the important aspects is to gradually guide students to face the serious aspects of life and life on the basis of the bright colors of life that have been laid, and to enlighten them with basic beliefs. In this way, it is possible for them to face society, gradually learn to make their voices heard, put forward critical and constructive opinions, and fulfill their responsibilities as citizens. To some extent, "deeper conversations" with experienced and high-level adults like Lu Xun are the inner desires of high school students who are eager to say goodbye to naivety and mature, and we cannot ignore such desires, let alone underestimate their level of conversation and acceptance. It is precisely because this is a desire to "move towards life and mature", we not only need to introduce Lu Xun's basic views on society, life and history to students, but more importantly, to give them inspiration in the way of thinking and discourse.

The final link in the spiritual journey of the middle school students' encounter with Lu Xun is "studying Lu Xun". As middle school students, they can also study Lu Xun, because they can find a channel to meet Lu Xun's soul, so that they can have their own discoveries about Lu Xun — in a way, this is also a kind of self-discovery. On the basis of the strong interest that students have generated in Lu Xun and his literature through "feeling Lu Xun" and "reading Lu Xun", this will be a very tempting challenge to students' creativity and stimulate their strong enthusiasm for discussion. It can be said that the purpose of guiding middle school students to read Lu Xun is also to stimulate the creative vitality of students to study and research independently. Through such independent research, students can not only promote their own discoveries and understandings of Lu Xun, but also a rigorous training in reading, writing, and academic research.

From "feeling Lu Xun" and "reading Lu Xun" to "studying Lu Xun", it is all to guide students to "enter lu Xun's world". After "walking in", we must also "walk out of Lu Xun", that is, ask students to make independent judgments and evaluations of Lu Xun and his thoughts and literature, say "my view of Lu Xun" and talk about "I and Lu Xun". Behind this is an important educational concept: the reading of classic writers like Lu Xun must be implemented in the students' conscious acceptance and independent growth of the spirit. Lu Xun's thought and literature are undoubtedly very important spiritual nourishment for growing middle school students, but they cannot replace the creation of young people themselves. Therefore, students should be guided to treat Lu Xun with an attitude of 'independence and not according to him', regard him as a friend, and have equal spiritual exchanges and dialogues with him, or agree or oppose, and should be encouraged; we should guide students to respect Lu Xun's opinions, experiences, and traditions, and under the inspiration of Lu Xun, to think seriously, and truly turn Lu Xun's thoughts and literature into their own flesh and blood, but we must not blindly take Lu Xun's actions as right and Lu Xun's wrongs as wrong, and everything must go through their own independent thinking. Even in the face of Lu Xun, who has such a strong ideological force and personality force, he must maintain his personality independence and freedom of ideological choice.

Education can be guided, but the final acceptance must be through the conscious choice of the educated. Our responsibility is to guide students to read Lu Xun's books, to introduce Lu Xun and his texts to students, and finally how students evaluate Lu Xun and whether they accept Lu Xun or not is his own right, which cannot be imposed, even if it is imposed for a while, it cannot be turned into his own flesh and blood, and it is useless. For various reasons, some students read Lu Xun's works, but they did not feel it, could not arouse interest, and even rejected Lu Xun, which is normal. This is not necessarily a failure of our education, as long as his criticism and rejection are based on his own independent thinking and independent choice, and it has achieved our goals. Moreover, Lu Xun's works are to be read for a lifetime, as long as students have a basic understanding of Lu Xun, he rejects Lu Xun today and rubs shoulders with Lu Xun, and perhaps under another opportunity, he will meet Lu Xun again.

It is recommended that middle school students collect the reading notes, research articles, creations, and final examination assignments written by the whole class in the process of learning, and compile them into a book to summarize and commemorate "an encounter with Lu Xun in middle school", which is also an interesting page in their own lives.