When it comes to pneumoconiosis, perhaps not many people have heard of it.
Pneumoconiosis is an occupational disease, which mainly occurs in coal mining, washing and other work employees.
Among all occupational diseases, coal workers' pneumoconiosis and silicosis cases account for about 90% of the number of occupational diseases reported, and there are about 30,000 new occupational diseases reported in the mainland every year, of which 27,000 are pneumoconiosis.
This occupational disease will not only be aggravated but also incurable
By 2017, the cumulative number of occupational cases reported in the mainland reached more than 950,000, of which more than 850,000 cases of pneumoconiosis. The disease often takes 10-20 years or more to occur, even out of the dust disease.
It is also for this reason that it is expected that in the next 20 years or even longer, there will still be a large number of new cases of pneumoconiosis in the mainland, and the population of pneumoconiosis patients will gradually expand, which has become a serious public health problem in the mainland.
If you have pneumoconiosis, how can I be treated?
1. Medication
For the symptoms of the patient, medication is carried out, such as if the patient has cough symptoms, he can be given cough and sputum drugs to improve the symptoms, and if there are symptoms of fever, some antipyretic drugs should be used.
In addition, the main drugs used to treat the disease are aluminum citrate, creptipine, hexanexane and ambroxol, which can promote the oscillation of the cilia in the lungs and promote the discharge of dust from the lungs.
2. Surgical treatment
If the patient's condition is more severe, lung clearing surgery may be considered to remove dust from the lungs, but the side effects of lung clearing surgery are large, and lung function takes a long time to recover.
Third, stay away from the dust environment
Many patients are suffering from pneumoconiosis because of occupational factors, once diagnosed with pneumoconiosis, they should leave the post in time, if they continue to stay in the post, this will aggravate the condition and threaten the safety of the patient's life.
4. Rehabilitation training
Doctors will develop a comprehensive rehabilitation program according to the patient's specific condition, the main rehabilitation training methods are: breathing training, psychological intervention, health education, etc., through these rehabilitation training can help patients improve their confidence in disease resistance, reduce clinical symptoms, and help control the disease.
Among them, breathing training includes control training, cough training, chest relaxation training and strength endurance training.
In addition to treatment, patients also need to do a good job of life management in life
In addition to the above methods of treatment, patients with pneumoconiosis should also do a good job in life management, including quitting smoking, avoiding inhalation of second-hand smoke, preventing colds, scientific diets, etc. These measures can prevent the aggravation of the disease and help the recovery of the disease.
In the diet, you can choose more high-quality and high-protein foods, such as eggs, lean meats and milk, etc., while eating more fresh vegetables and fruits to ensure balanced nutrition.
At the same time, patients with pneumoconiosis should receive regular health monitoring so that doctors can understand the patient's specific condition in time and adjust the treatment plan according to the condition.
Doctors mainly understand the patient's condition through chest X-ray, lung capacity measurement, symptom assessment, lung fibrosis testing, etc.
Promote the establishment of a liability insurance system for pneumoconiosis, and comprehensively protect the rights and interests of 6 million pneumoconiosis patients
At the two sessions of the National People's Congress, Chen Jingyu, a deputy to the National People's Congress and a well-known lung transplant expert, proposed legislation to implement pneumoconiosis liability insurance at the two sessions.
(Chen Jingyu, Vice President of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine)
At present, there are 6 million pneumoconiosis patients in the country, this disease will not only seriously damage the body of workers, because of the difficulty of breathing, kneeling is the most comfortable way they can find.
Because most of the patients are young and middle-aged, they are the main labor force of the family, and they often become poor and return to poverty because of pneumoconiosis, which has a greater negative impact on the family life of the patient.
According to the "Survey Report of Migrant Workers with Pneumoconiosis in China (2021)", the families of pneumoconiosis farmers who were interviewed and surveyed had a heavy economic burden.
90% of the interviewed patients have no savings at home, 60% of the interviewed patients are in debt to the outside world, and the negative income and expenditure difference between the interviewed patients accounts for 55%.
Promote the establishment of a pneumoconiosis liability insurance system through legislation, and add a clause to the revision of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases that "employers with high-risk dust operations shall pay pneumoconiosis liability insurance for workers who are exposed to dust operations in accordance with the law".
At the same time, the dust that causes pneumoconiosis, such as radioactive mineral dust, has been identified as a carcinogen by the International Center for Research on Cancer, so people in such working environments should pay more attention to occupational protection, as well as early lung cancer screening.
Through mandatory regulations, not only do workers realize the harm of dust to their bodies, but also relevant enterprises provide health protection measures for workers in the process of employment, so that workers can receive appropriate protection.
bibliography:
[1] Hu Li, Hu Zaifang, Zhao Yongmei, Ye Yan, Li Haiyue, Yu Guixin, Wang Zihuan, Li Aihua, Sun Ligeng, Shen Zhuang. Analysis on the monitoring of key occupational diseases in Beijing from 2016 to 2020[J].Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue,2022,40(01):60-63+73.
[2] ZHANG Min,QI Cheng. "Inspection Points for the Prevention and Control of Dust Hazards in the Workplace - Practical Guidelines for Trade Unions to Participate in the Prevention of Pneumoconiosis" - Inspection Points 18 Improve Operational Procedures (Serial IV)[J].Labor Protection, 2022(02):86-87.