Nanjing is known as the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties and the Capital of the Ten Dynasties, and plays an important role in Chinese history. As we all know, it has a five-hundred-year history of the founding capital, but the two-thousand-five-hundred-year history of non-capital construction is rarely known. On the 20th, Deji Art Museum and other institutions held a unique lecture interactive activity of "Reading "Nanjing City History from "Jinling Map" in the exhibition hall of "Jinling Tu Digital Art Exhibition". Xue Bing, a famous scholar and writer of Nanjing urban history, led the audience to swim in the "Jinling Map Digital Art Exhibition", revealing the connection between "Jinling Map" and Nanjing, and starting from the new edition of "Nanjing City History" to interpret the development process of the city for everyone. In the lecture activities, Xue Bing combined with the new edition of "Nanjing City History" to carefully analyze the Nanjing imprint contained in the "Imitation of Yang Dazhang Painting "Song YuanBen Jinling Map"" for readers, and told the history of Nanjing's urban development in 2500 years.
This "Jinling Map" is known as the "Nanjing Version of the Qingming River Map""
More than two hundred years ago, when the Qianlong Emperor came to Nanjing on his fourth southern tour, he lingered in the mountains and rivers of the Dragon Pan and the Tiger, and obtained the precious "Song Yuan Ben Jinling Map", which was confirmed by the scene, full of emotions, and inscribed six poems. He also ordered the accompanying court painters Xie Sui, Yang Dazhang, and Feng Ning to imitate the "Song YuanBen Jinling Map" as a model. These three imitations of the "Jinling Map" during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty are collected in the National Palace Museum in Taipei and one in the Nanjing Deji Art Museum, and their author is the court painter Feng Ning. This painting is also the only precious painting in the three "Jinling Maps" that returns to the city depicted, Nanjing.
Feng Ning's "Imitation of Yang Dazhang Painting "SongYuan Ben Jinling Map" was completed in the fifty-ninth year of Qianlong (1794), 35 cm in length and 1050 cm in width, and the whole volume can be divided into three parts: rural scenery, Qinhuai street market and country scenery, with a total of 533 characters and 90 animals. In the picture, the ancient city gate connecting land and water, the commercial street where merchants and merchants travel, the Qinhuai River with developed shipping, the academy school that teaches and solves problems, the duck bun shop that still has a fragrant fragrance, and the rare sheep and horse wall in the image materials are all traces of the prosperity and change of the ancient capital Jinling.
According to reports, as far as the surviving works are concerned, the long scrolls of custom paintings depicting Nanjing in the Song Dynasty are extremely rare, and the blueprint of this picture, the "Song Yuanben Jinling Map", has long been scattered. Therefore, Feng Ning's "Imitation of Yang Dazhang Painting "Song Yuan Ben Jinling Map" has extremely high historical value and documentary value, which vividly depicts the urban appearance of Nanjing in the Song Dynasty and the daily life of people of all walks of life, making the invisible history three-dimensional and detailed, and is known as the "Nanjing version of the "Qingming River Map""
Interpret the "Jinling Map" and appreciate the moving details of Nanjing's urban growth process
"You see, this is the Changgan Bridge, the south gate of Jinling City in the Song Dynasty, and the earliest real picture of urn city I have seen so far..." "You look at this side again, this area is what we call Laomenxi today, there were many shops at that time, restaurants, noodle shops, liquor stores, tea sheds, grain shops, and schools and so on. Summer is very hot, this person is fanning fans, here are grasshopper cages ..." Xue Bing said that the Jinling City built by the Southern Tang Dynasty and continuing the Song and Yuan Dynasties, there are not many documents, there are very few picture materials, and the "Map of the Fucheng City" in the Southern Song Dynasty Nanjing Local Chronicle "Jingding Jiankangzhi" is only a rough schematic diagram. "Imitation of Yang Dazhang Painting "Song Yuan Ben Jinling Map" is a vivid color painting long scroll, the left end of the city gate in the picture is the Song Dynasty Longguang Gate (the predecessor of the Water West Gate), the right end of the city gate is the south gate of Jinling City (the front of the Zhonghua Gate), the commercial area between the two gates, is the Eastern Wu "big city" and the Tang Dynasty "Changganli", but also the commercial center that has lasted for a thousand years, equivalent to today's Menxi area. "The drawings in this picture provide a tangible and vivid pictorial interpretation of the documentary record. Carefully studying the content of the picture is of great help to understanding the urban and rural architecture, city shops, transportation, craftsmanship, agricultural labor, clothing, shoes and hats, food and entertainment, and customs and customs of Jinling in the Song Dynasty. ”
Xue Bing especially mentioned the painter's love for architecture, "You see, the houses on both sides of the street are not only different in architectural styles and courtyard combinations, but also roofs, arches, beams and columns, pedestals, doors and windows, and accessories, all take the style of boundary painting, and have fairly accurate structural drawings or cross-sectional drawings. Some of the roof tiles are only half paved, so that people can see the supporting part, and the powder wall has a large damage, so that people can see the internal structure, if deliberately, it is difficult to imagine such a coincidence."
At the scene of the event, Xue Bing also made a detailed interpretation of the shops in the painting, "From these shops, we can see dozens of industries, including restaurants, noodle shops, liquor stores, tea sheds, grain shops, oil shops, dye shops, pawnshops, as well as schools, bookstores, street jugglers, etc., and outside the door, there are corresponding industry utensils and personnel operations, look at the stove in the restaurant here, the distillery in the liquor store, the paintings are very realistic, it can be copied accordingly." Xue Bing also deliberately pointed to a temporary stall near the bridge in the painting, "You see, with the cart as the stall, there are three large umbrellas next to the car, and the umbrella handle is inserted in the large square bricks to fix it, which is still used today."
Before there was Jiang Zanchu's "History of Nanjing", now there is Xue Bing's "History of Nanjing City"
The reporter learned that "Nanjing City History" was first published in 2008, and has been continuously revised, republished and expanded in the past fifteen years, gradually changing from a historical monograph to an easy-to-understand and interesting popular reading. It is the first and only urban history monograph in China, a classic reading book of Nanjing culture, and an essential reference book for the urban construction of the Nanjing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government.
"Before there was Jiang Zanchu's "History of Nanjing", now there is Xue Bing's "History of Nanjing City". In Nanjing, in Jiangsu, and even throughout Jiangnan, the writer Xue Bing is recognized as a well-deserved cultural spokesperson. He has lived in Nanjing for more than 60 years, written more than 60 books, with the talent of learning and enriching the five cars, perseverance, extraordinary acumen, endless love, a lifetime of tireless writing Of Nanjing culture, Jiangnan culture, "Nanjing City History" is his masterpiece, a collection of masterpieces, is the true sense of the general history of Nanjing, Nanjing full biography.
Compared with the previous two editions, the new edition of "Nanjing Urban History" has added a large number of illustrations, and the whole book has nearly 300 pictures, including 50 maps of past dynasties, 20 maps of cultural relics and archaeology, 45 ancient paintings, 60 old photos, and 40 new photographs, imagining, describing and restoring the growth and development of Nanjing in multiple dimensions, multiple levels and from multiple angles.
It is worth mentioning that the entire volume of "Imitation of Yang Dazhang Painting "Song YuanBen Jinling Map" collected by The Deji Art Museum is included in the new edition of the "History of Nanjing City", printed separately as an appendix to present the Jinling style from the Southern Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty. The publisher said that "Jinling Tu" and "Nanjing City History" meet, correspond, harmonize and coexist in the field of book publishing, which can be called a combination of folk collection and folk writing. In addition, the new edition of the "History of Nanjing City" also includes the Ming Dynasty Nanjing Emperor Zhu Zhifan's "Forty Views of Jinling Image Poetry" to show the beautiful scenery of the late Ming Dynasty scholar Doctor.
"Thick past is not thin to present" is an important feature of the new edition of "Nanjing City History". The whole book not only traces the growth and change of the ancient Nanjing city, but also presents the changes in Nanjing in the more than one hundred years after the emergence of modern planning, especially the harmonious city construction of Nanjing's "mountains, water, city and forest" in the 21st century, adding the appearance of today's rapidly developing Nanjing New Town and the historical and cultural heritage of the old city taken by young photographers Fang Fei, Zhao Yao, Ruan Zhong, etc., showing the current harmonious development of the new Nanjing. Yangzi Evening News/Purple Cow News reporter Huang Yanwen
Photo: Yu Ping, reporter of Xinhua Newspaper Vision Center