Abstract: Casually a sentence of national attention, good leverage ah (welcome to pay attention to the leverage game)
Written by | Zhang Yinyin & Editor| was pleased
Had to serve Zhejiang.
In a casual sentence, the national media attention, the attention of the whole people, the effect may be better than many places spent N more money to do publicity, marketing effect.
Here's the thing:
At the press conference of the Mainland Development and Reform Commission on February 17, 2022 to "introduce the promotion of supporting the high-quality development and construction of a common prosperity demonstration zone in Zhejiang Province", in response to a question from the media, Zhejiang said that college students who want to start a business can borrow 100,000 to 500,000 yuan, if the business fails, the loan below 100,000 will be repaid by the government, and the part of the loan of more than 100,000 will be repaid by the government for 80%.
The media widely reported that the social platform was hotly discussed, and it suddenly rushed to the hot search.
After watching this news, the leverage game on the one hand expressed admiration for Zhejiang, on the other hand, I especially want to say that this point of entrepreneurial support, many provinces are actually affordable, the effect can be said to be four or two thousand pounds.
The question is, so many provinces why Zhejiang was the first to run out and say, the other with?
1, Zhejiang, really do business
I often say a word to my friends in private: poverty is the source of all evil. In particular, I want to explain that there is no discrimination, I am also poor.
It is precisely for this reason that I know that life will be better if we are rich materially and spiritually. This is true of people, and it is true of a place.
In turn, wealth is the magic weapon to solve many problems. Reform and opening up, through the development of solving problems, make the cake bigger, work together, and then divide the cake is this truth.
Places where business is doing well and getting rich always seem to be ahead in many ways, and first of all, the leverage game feels like a lead in thinking.
Below is a detailed analysis of the leverage game.
Many people say that strong financial resources are the key to Zhejiang's high subsidies to grab talents, and I think similar statements make sense, but in fact, they don't make sense.
As said at the press conference, in 2021, the per capita GDP of Zhejiang Province will reach 113,000 yuan, and the income of urban and rural residents will rank first in the country for 21 years and 37 years respectively.
Chart source| Shan Chuan Network (thanks)
Zhejiang's economic aggregates, fiscal and tax revenue leverage game is not one by one example, as we all know, there is money, the country's forefront.
Have money so you can go to the bottom? Can it be subsidized? That's right, it makes sense. But the data is often worth studying.
According to the Data Bureau of the State Administration of Taxation, in 2021, 13.26 million new market entities nationwide and have experienced tax-related acts, an increase of 15.9% year-on-year and an average increase of 12.9% in two years.
There are 31 provinces (autonomous regions/municipalities directly under the central government) in the mainland, and on average, less than 430,000 new tax-related market entities are added to a province in a year.
The specific data of each province, the leverage game has not been seen for the time being, but everyone understands that there are more large provinces and fewer small provinces. In medium-sized provinces, there are actually only about 200,000 new market entities involved in taxes.
For example, according to the data of the Zhejiang Market Supervision Bureau, as of the end of December 2021, there were 8.6847 million market entities in Zhejiang Province, an increase of 8.12% year-on-year. Among them, there were 3.1398 million registered enterprises, an increase of 11.26% year-on-year, and 5.49 million individual industrial and commercial households, an increase of 6.57% year-on-year.
Probably more than 600,000 households have been added - of course, how many of them are actually operating, tax-related, I don't know, some may be shells or not yet operating.
In any case, there are definitely more new market players in Zhejiang.
Suppose, as mentioned above in the leverage game, there are more than 200,000 new tax-related market entities in medium provinces a year, how many are college students starting businesses?
In addition, the specific policy of college students' entrepreneurial loans in Zhejiang, we have not actually seen, in theory, it is impossible for college students to give loans, mainly to recent graduates, or graduation has not been a few years.
If other provinces follow suit, the reasoning is similar.
So, how much of this part can account for the new market entities? It is said that it will not reach 50%, even if it is so much, a medium province is 100,000 households, and the number of newly graduated college students starting a business is high enough.
According to Zhejiang's standards, the maximum loan is 500,000 yuan / household, 100,000 households, the maximum will not exceed 50 billion yuan.
In fact, even if there are so many entrepreneurial college students, they will not all take out loans, after all, the loan is to be repaid, even if the amount of subsidized interest is also the main point.
At the same time, the amount of the loan ranges from 100,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan, the specific application amount, and how much is the actual approval?
Comprehensively considered, the annual entrepreneurial loan for college students in medium provinces may be only two or three billion yuan - this loan amount, normal medium provinces, seems to be able to coordinate banks.
Then we don't calculate the number of failed startups, because most people will choose to pay back whether they succeed or fail.
Even if 10% of bad debts are generated, this proportion is high enough, much higher than the bad debt rate of the mainland banking industry, then the government needs to compensate for two or three billion yuan - this amount, medium provinces can not afford?
By the way, Zhejiang said 100,000 yuan - 500,000 yuan part, compensation of 80%, assuming that all learn Zhejiang's methods, the amount of money that the government needs to bear is a little less.
It is not denied that if college students are encouraged to take out business loans, there will be a little more people starting a business than they are now, and the amount that may need to be compensated may be a little more than static calculation, but in general, it will not be much more.
So, it's really a matter of thinking.
Zhejiang dares to think and dare to do, admire, will do business.
Will do business is not finished, and see the leverage game below more detailed analysis.
2. The big business behind the compensation of 100,000 yuan: seize the opportunity to rob people and attract employment and entrepreneurship
Let's start with compensation.
First, the money owed must be repaid, which is a simple truth and the principle of good faith in the market economy. Zhejiang encourages college students to start a business, entrepreneurship involves loans, financing, and entrepreneurship will inevitably fail, and failure may occur.
If no one pays it back, it is a bad debt, and if someone pays it back, it is not a bad debt.
If you can't afford to run, then there is a problem with old lai and integrity.
For the time being, the government first helped to compensate, not only avoiding old lai and bad debts, but also helping college students and maintaining the principle of integrity.
Second, only when someone endorses and guarantees does financial institutions dare to borrow money. As mentioned in the leverage game above, whether it is a medium-sized province or a good Zhejiang, although it can afford possible bad debts, it is after all a bank that borrows money.
Bank lines of credit, mortgages, in the final analysis, do not want bad debts to happen. Someone endorses and guarantees, this is a routine operation, and it is best to have someone to compensate.
Third, any entrepreneurship has risks, if you don't start a business, there is no return, and if you succeed, you will benefit from finance, taxation, and employment.
We compare college student entrepreneurship loans to venture capital, these tens of billions of yuan is equivalent to early funds, not to mention 10% bad debts, even if 90% of bad debts as long as they can give birth to excellent enterprises, it may not lose money in the long run.
The leverage game knows the extreme, but the words are not rough.
Fourth, let's talk about the details, can college students who have graduated for several years apply? What industry can be created to lend, what entrepreneurial level, how much is the basic loan? How to count the failure of entrepreneurship, it is impossible to fail and not pay back, right?
Today's credit reporting system and big data are very powerful, and most people themselves are also rational, and they will not make random loans, let alone maliciously not repay, unless they do not want to mix in the mainland in the future.
Then after the government compensates, will the entrepreneurial college students need to repay it when they have the ability later?
Back to the Zhejiang university student entrepreneurship loan policy, the above questions need to be answered by detailed rules.
Anyway, in a word, the leverage game can be very certain, Zhejiang will not lose too much, and the overall return may be cost-effective.
As stated at the press conference,
This year, there are more than 10 million college graduates in the country, which is a good opportunity for us, and we must seize this opportunity to vigorously introduce college graduates.
Zhejiang's employment policies for college graduates are relatively rich. In addition to hangzhou urban area, the settlement restrictions for graduates with college degree or above are fully relaxed, and the settlement conditions in Hangzhou are bachelor degree or above. College graduates who work in Zhejiang can enjoy living subsidies ranging from 20,000 to 400,000 yuan or housing subsidies.
College students engaged in home economics, pension and modern agricultural entrepreneurship, the government gives 100,000 yuan of entrepreneurial subsidies, college students to work in these fields, the government gives each person an annual employment subsidy of 10,000, continuous subsidies for 3 years.
For college students who go to Zhejiang for internships, various localities provide living subsidies. For graduates with family difficulties, a subsidy of 3,000 yuan per person for job hunting and entrepreneurship will be issued. We welcome college graduates from all over the country to come to Zhejiang for employment and entrepreneurship.
Zhejiang Province hopes to take the lead in the battle for college students, and hopes that more people will come to Zhejiang for employment and entrepreneurship, and it is full of sincerity.
You say that for Zhejiang, this is not big business?
3, less developed provinces and cities can learn what
Zhejiang casually said a word of national attention, good leverage, the leverage effect is excellent, how much publicity and marketing funds are saved.
For less developed provinces and cities, what is worth learning? The leverage game is simple and easy to say.
First, blow less cattle that cost money and subsidize enterprises more. In particular, take less money from public finances to do too much marketing. Of course, certain publicity and marketing funds are normal, too much, for example, if a city assumes tens of millions of yuan, hundreds of millions of yuan / year, a province at all levels, public service units a year a total of hundreds of millions of yuan, is not too much?
As calculated above in the leverage game, the same amount as the entrepreneurial compensation reserve fund, can be leveraged and encouraged to start a business is not more?
Many of them will inevitably fail, paying some tuition, but successful, solved jobs, and created taxes will benefit in the long run.
Second, be good for workers. For example, Zhejiang has specially issued implementation measures for safeguarding the labor security rights and interests of workers in new employment forms, mainly to relax the household registration restrictions for flexible employment personnel to participate in the basic old-age insurance and basic medical insurance of enterprise employees in the place of employment, and to support workers in new employment forms to participate in work injury insurance with single insurance;
Platform enterprises are also required to give full play to the advantages of data technology, reasonably control online working hours, and arrange breaks for continuous work for more than 4 hours.
When looking at this pile of text, what impressed the lever game was that "if you work for more than 4 hours continuously, you must arrange a break between work". This is a detailed embodiment of respect for labor rights, good health and safety.
Many people say that 996, low rights and interests, and low wages guarantee economic vitality and labor productivity, which is cruel. But suppose a less developed place is more respectful of labor rights and interests, and under the same conditions, it is not more attractive to stay.
People leave more, and economic development promotes each other, is the cycle bad?
Third, respect the market and encourage entrepreneurship. More than 10 years ago, the first job after graduating from leveraged game university was in Zhejiang, and I was impressed, when my local colleagues in Zhejiang, whether they had just graduated or worked for a while, most of them had side jobs in addition to their own jobs.
Most of them do not do any big business, may be to open a shop, do a small business, the amount of investment is not large, and even without investment is to pay labor and time.
It is precisely this environment of advocating entrepreneurship that makes Zhejiang's economy better and better.
Less developed provinces and cities may not have so many industries to create, but it is at least possible to respect the laws of the market, respect entrepreneurs, respect entrepreneurs, and provide them with a better environment.
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