If the professional skill level of the cost personnel is divided, it can be roughly divided into six stages.
- Phase 1 -
The first stage, the most beginner level, can basically understand the drawings, but basically can understand, many details of the components know half-solution, completely do not know the meaning of the design practices on the drawings, can basically use the takeoff software, on their own calculation of the amount of engineering, can not check the right and wrong, and there is no concept of indicators in the mind, many small components are easy to be missed, will only be mechanical calculation, the set price is almost clueless, then your value at this stage is 3000 yuan per month.
- Phase 2 -
Then the second stage, can understand the drawings, the amount of calculation has been more skilled, the amount of engineering calculated by themselves has been more confident, and will not omit to calculate, has begun to understand the content indicators of the general building, can carry out the basic set price, group price, but in the pricing process, the understanding of the quota is not deep enough, can only learn from other predecessors of the set of goods documents, their own arbitrage is easy to miss items, the site process has been basically understood, but did not combine the site with the theory, in general, the project cost has a relatively preliminary understanding, Your value at this stage is $5,000.
- Phase 3 -
In the third stage, the takeoff and arbitrage have been roughly mastered, and in the process of looking at the drawings, we have begun to reflect on the design ideas of the drawings, the impact of the drawings on the cost, the content of the building, the cost indicators have been able to basically grasp, and the project costs have been learned to be split and restructured. Can cooperate with the leader to start cost analysis, calculation, internal labor settlement has been able to maneuver, has begun to have the ability to bring new people. The only thing missing is the big picture, and your value at this stage is 8,000 yuan.
- Phase 4 -
In the fourth stage, it has been able to independently prepare the target cost of the project, and can also put forward certain insights on various design schemes in the early stage of the project, can be responsible for the dynamic cost control in the construction process, can basically calculate the actual cost and expected profit of the project, and can independently carry out bidding work and later business negotiations. You have begun to be able to jump out of the immediate cost and look at a project with a macro view, and at this stage your value is 10,000 yuan.
- Phase 5 -
The fifth stage, and then go up, you can independently control the cost of a project, can make the most reasonable cost optimization on the project's layout, design scheme, apartment type comparison, structure, materials, new technology, landscape garden, etc. At this stage, you can no longer be considered a cost engineer, you have reached the category of project manager, at this stage, Party A should have reached the cost manager of large projects. If the construction unit is the least fortunate at this stage, it should already be the commercial manager of the project. Be able to predict the profit point of the project in a timely manner at the bidding stage, through the internal cost analysis, make predictions on the places that may change, have a good idea of how to create profits in the later process, and control the progress, cost, subcontracting price control and cost docking with Party A in the process. At this stage, your annual salary should be in the middle of 200,000-500,000 yuan.
- Phase 6 -
Further up to the sixth stage, basically has been out of the scope of project management, officially entered the scope of economic management, may already be the construction party or the construction party of the regional cost director, to this stage, basically do not need to personally deal with the project related matters, most of the work is the following projects for macro-control, from the data analysis to find, and solve the problem, for the company's first person in charge of the cost of each project. At this stage of the annual salary, I do not dare to evaluate, perhaps the resources in your hands, has far exceeded the value of your salary, perhaps at this stage, you can start to consider buying a second suite.
And from bidding to completion, at what stage of the cost engineer are you?
- 1. Contract signing stage -
Job Description:
1. According to the bidding documents and drawings, do the relevant preparatory work
2. According to the price of the main material in the list, conduct market inquiry, compare the material price difference, and prepare for the bidding quotation.
3. According to the relevant list sub-items, inquire from the relevant subcontracting units and manufacturers for comprehensive unit price and main material price
4 According to the floating coefficient of the bidding documents, do a good job of cost analysis
5. According to the requirements of the bidding documents, prepare the commercial bids and carefully check them against the bidding documents
6. Before bidding, carefully check against the bidding documents, commercial standards and technical standards, and prepare bidding items
7. Bring relevant items, go to the bid opening site, and make a record of the bid opening
8. According to the bidding documents and drawings, go to the construction site to explore the terrain, according to the actual situation, look at those places that are conducive to the possibility of making a large visa in the future, and the price of the corresponding list sub-items cannot be reduced much, such as digging earth, silt, trenches, filling stone slag and so on.
Practice: At the stage of contract signing, we can analyze the progress payment, the basis for pricing, the form of withdrawal, the implementation of the basis for material adjustment, the implementation method of the final settlement, etc., and the analysis of profits after the preferential floating ratio of some projects. Give the project some advice or reference at the contract signing stage.
- 2. Construction Phase-
1. Carefully compare the list of business standards, and calculate all the list quantities by yourself to see if there is any error
2. Carefully compare the list of business standards, compare the comprehensive unit price and main material price of the list with the market inquiry, and then analyze
3. When subcontracting, it is necessary to strictly control the quantity and price of the list of subcontracting units
4. Actively go to the scene to observe, do a good job in the triage of drawings, and propose a change visa that is beneficial to us
5. The relevant project progress payment format, monthly report format, project contact form format, on-site economic visa format, etc. should be taken from the supervision and Party A.
6. The preparation of the project contact list, the on-site economic visa form and the claim should be remembered to have sufficient reasons, the arguments are clear, the evidence is complete, the reasons are all attributed to Party A, the supervision, the design institute and other factors, increase the seriousness of the matter and our losses, the amount of work is appropriately increased, the visa form should be accompanied by photos, CAD graphics and calculation formulas, the content is detailed and the audit is convenient for calculation.
7. Usually have a good relationship with the audit, understand the working style of the audit, and facilitate the subsequent work.
8. Track the contract performance of the subcontracting unit and strictly control the number of on-site point workers of the subcontracting unit
9. According to the contract, drawings and schedule plan, prepare monthly reports and statistics on the progress of monthly work, and do a good job in the preparation of project progress funds.
10. According to the drawings and the specific conditions of the site, do a good job of the project contact form and the economic visa form that are beneficial to our side.
11. According to the contract signed by the subcontracting unit and according to the actual situation on the site, actively and objectively do a good job in the settlement of the subcontracting unit.
12. Cooperate with various departments to do a good job in cost control, and strictly control and manage on-site personnel machines
13. Collate and collect all relevant materials and all information in favor of visas
14. Proficiency in the use of related office software and cost software
15. If there is a tracking audit on the spot, it is necessary to have a good relationship with it
16. Each time the visa that occurs on the spot should be processed in time, and the supervisor, audit, and owner should sign and seal it in time.
Practice: Carefully read the construction drawings, find relevant problems, make a 1/4 table of problems, and participate in the drawing review. Clarify and understand the content of the drawing triage minutes.
Cooperate with other departments of the project (such as the construction department and the labor department), submit the project quantity schedule of the construction ¥ layer, construction node and construction component to the project department for reference in advance every month, and at the same time provide the material budget information price schedule to the project department for comparative reference, and the budgeter coordinates and communicates with the project part of the management personnel in a timely manner, and conducts real-time comparative analysis of the quantity and price to find out the gaps and reasons, so as to facilitate the timely processing of visa forms and changes. At the same time, it is conducive to the project department to adjust and improve the management method in real time. At this stage, the budgeter should play a role in controlling the matter.
Timely coordinate the construction technician to improve the construction site visa form and change order, and then perform the visa stamping procedures, and carry out the price budget work in a timely manner after the visa form is perfected.
Every month, when the progress output value budget is reported, the budget personnel should go deep into the actual construction site in advance, observe the construction progress and the reported output value model Χ and the construction changes, accurately, reasonably and timely declare the project image progress output value budget, and at the same time coordinate and review in a timely manner, draw the progress payment fee, and provide the progress payment fee form to the project manager to facilitate the payment.
- 3. Completion Settlement Phase -
1. After the completion of the completion, start to prepare the final accounts of the completion, collect and sort out the information of all the final accounts of the completion, and summarize and compile them.
2. All project contact forms and on-site economic visa forms should be processed and signed and sealed, and some documents are best solved by the boss.
3. The final accounts of the completion should be done well in three copies, one to report to the audit, one to the leader, and one to keep.
4. The final account of the audit should be enlarged by more than 10% as much as possible, and the sub-items and project quantities deducted by the audit should be well understood, not less than the bottom line, and the unnecessary sub-items and project quantities are small, try to be less noisy. The emphasis is on the clarity of the facts and the details of the project amount and the larger must be quarrelsome, and it is justified.
5. And the audit of the amount of engineering should be reasonable, can advance and retreat, can not lose the principle and bottom line, in addition to remember "burning incense", the later work should be done well.
Practice: At the stage of completion settlement, it is first necessary to collect the settlement basis information, collect the complete completion drawings, the visa and changes accumulated in the process (must be signed and sealed), the reference basis and the price recognition and other information.
The preparation of a complete completion settlement document, the completion settlement is the final valuation stage of the project, its importance and criticality are beyond doubt, and the budgeter must play a role in checking after the fact. This requires that the budgeter must carefully and carefully prepare the settlement documents, so that there is no loss of items, missing items, must be able to know in mind, how to set their own projects, how to calculate the amount of engineering, their own materials to adjust the price basis must have a clear thinking.
Settlement review: Settlement review work is a cumbersome and must be meticulous combination of technology and economy, not only to have a certain degree of professional and technical knowledge, but also to have a high quality of budget operations. There is a saying in the industry: good job, not as good as the calculation, not as good as the right, but also very reasonable, for the budget work, it is a technical, policy- and professional, comprehensive and very strong work, the same project, the price settled by different budgeters is not the same, which determines the importance and inconsistency of the settlement work, the final profit of the enterprise is determined, that determines the top priority of the completion of the settlement work, how to achieve this effect, The budgeter is required to understand the actual construction process and process, construction plan, have good professional knowledge and business communication skills, flexible response, reasonable control.
Internally assist the labor service company to analyze the amount of labor service projects and review the labor settlement, and fill in the labor service sub-project quantity settlement review form and the settlement after review.
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